{"title":"Interference voltage and interference threshold in pacemakers with unipolar and bipolar electrodes","authors":"S. Hille, K. Eichhorn, K. Gonschorek","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284567","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the coupling-model between low frequency magnetic fields and the induced voltage at the sensing input of the pacemaker (PMK) with unipolar and bipolar electrodes. For this purpose an analytical model has been developed, allowing the determination of induced voltage into a pacemaker in a magnetic field with low frequencies between 10 Hz and 30 kHz. Furthermore the electric conductivity of the surrounding tissue and the different positions of the bipolar electrode were taken into consideration. In that regard, measurements were carried out to investigate the induced voltage in bipolar and unipolar electrodes as well as interference thresholds. A comparison between the interference resistance of real pacemakers with unipolar and bipolar electrodes and the induced voltage in these electrodes are going to be presented in this paper. The extensively discussed safety factor of bipolar electrodes can therefore be calculated with the above-mentioned findings.","PeriodicalId":268582,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126902129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Achieving EMI compliance with DVI and HDMI on defense/aerospace platforms","authors":"J. G. Kraemer, John A. Shaw","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284665","url":null,"abstract":"Digital Visual Interface (DVI) and High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) have become very popular digital interfaces in the consumer electronics arena for high definition video and audio with personal computers and in-home theatre systems. Due to the off-the-shelf availability of hardware and software that supports these interfaces, DVI and HDMI present the opportunity to provide the aircraft industry and the war fighter with state-of-the-art high-definition video capabilities today. However, these interfaces were not designed for the defense/aerospace electromagnetic effects environments. This paper presents guidelines with respect to circuit modification and cable/connector system design to allow compliance with defense/aerospace equipment EMI standards such as MIL-STD-461E and DO-160E.","PeriodicalId":268582,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129094139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calculation of radiated emission from chassis connected to PCB with screw","authors":"H. Funato, T. Suga","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284705","url":null,"abstract":"Calculation technique to obtain radiated electric far-field from assembled device: chassis with PCB has been investigated. Circuit model including ground and power planes are created in PSPICE in order to calculate frequency spectrum of the current flowing through the screw at different location. Next, simplified 3D chassis model are created with simplified PCB model which does not have any traces or patterns. The relation between radiated electric field from the simplified model and the screw current is calculated from that 3D model. Lastly, the radiated electric field from the chassis with PCB has been calculated using both PSPICE circuit simulation results and the chassis 3D simulation results. The difference of far-field at different screw location from the calculation was up to 6 dB, which shows good correlation with measurement results.","PeriodicalId":268582,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114716854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Chilo, Carl Karlsson, P. Angskog, P. Stenumgaard
{"title":"EMI disruptive effect on wireless industrial communication systems in a paper plant","authors":"J. Chilo, Carl Karlsson, P. Angskog, P. Stenumgaard","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284581","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that industrial and factory environments present considerable challenges for wireless communications. Because every industrial environment is different, and may offer a unique set of obstacles to effective wireless communication, a site characterization is needed at first step in determining improvements of existent wireless technologies to increase the reliability. In this work electric field strength and APD measurements have been performed to characterize electromagnetic interference in an industrial paper plant. Common characteristics of the industrial environments affecting wireless communication were identified. Additionally, results show high interference levels at the frequencies for the DECT band 1880-1890 MHz. The interference level is correlated to the working mode of the electrical engines used in the process.","PeriodicalId":268582,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127692179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shielding effectiveness of artificial magnetic screens in the VHF band","authors":"R. Araneo, S. Celozzi, G. Lovat","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284662","url":null,"abstract":"Performance of artificial planar screens composed of small magnetic elements are investigated through equivalent circuit models and a full-wave approach involving a periodic method-of-moments formulation. The conventional split-ring resonator screen is first studied and next the geometry of the single inclusion is modified in order to reduce the operating frequency of the screen. It is shown how the proposed spiral-resonator screen can operate in the VHF band and that a careful numerical analysis needs to be carried out to accurately predict the selective properties of the screen. Different commercial full-wave software are also used and their limits in the modeling of such microstructured materials are pointed out.","PeriodicalId":268582,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"271 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121445774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New VCCI program — Kit module program","authors":"S. Satake, T. Shimasaki, H. Yamane","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284682","url":null,"abstract":"VCX'I Council introduced the kit module program designed to serve as an intermediary between module manufactures and equipment makers using their modules. Magnetit' Probe Method, one of the IEEE. 61967 test methods [1]–[4], is employed in the program for its simplicity and low implementation cost. An interposer was developed to bridge target memory module and mother board for operation at the real time frequency and aggregation of power supply circuits for measurement with MP method. The result of pilot measurements of DDR2 memory modules is reported.","PeriodicalId":268582,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132388764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Source-stirring and mechanical-stirring reverberation chamber measurement comparison for 900MHz and 1800MHz","authors":"J. Kunthong, C. Bunting","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284555","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents comparison results between measurements using mechanical-stirring and source-stirring techniques in a reverberation chamber. Three criteria (S21 scatter plot, log normalized received power Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) plot, and the number of independent samples calculated from each data set) are used in the determination of the source-stirring method effectiveness. The results show that source-stirring is capable of producing good statistics and is comparable to the standard mechanical-stirring technique that is often employed in reverberation chamber measurements.","PeriodicalId":268582,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133334958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrode speed effect on discharge properties in short gap electrostatic discharge","authors":"F. Ruan, D. Shi, Yougang Gao, Zeyun Song","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284697","url":null,"abstract":"Strong effect of moving electrode speed on discharge parameters exists in short-gap electrostatic discharge. Considering Townsend theory and streamer theory of electrostatic discharge, theoretical analysis with principles of fluid mechanics is employed on mechanism of electrode moving speed effect on discharge parameters. An algorithm is proposed and the simulation result gives estimation of theory description proposed.","PeriodicalId":268582,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"7 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115802504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Kawamura, S. Futatsumori, T. Hikage, T. Nojima, B. Koike, H. Fujimoto, T. Toyoshima
{"title":"A novel method of mitigating EMI on implantable medical devices: Experimental validation for UHF RFID reader/writers","authors":"Y. Kawamura, S. Futatsumori, T. Hikage, T. Nojima, B. Koike, H. Fujimoto, T. Toyoshima","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284617","url":null,"abstract":"A method of mitigating the electromagnetic inter-ference (EMI) due to wireless communication devices on im-plantable medical devices (IMDs) such as implantable cardiac-pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) is newly proposed. The key feature of the proposed method is that it does not require any modification of the IMDs. This method is based on the use of a “mitigation signal” which lies in the idle periods of the wireless communication device. By using this mitigation signal, the low frequency noise signal generated in the IMDs' internal circuits by nonlinear detection, can be reduced. This leads to a drastic improvement in the maximum interference distance. The proposed method is experimentally confirmed in this paper as applied to UHF RFID reader/writers. First, the proposed EMI mitigation method is detailed. An implementation of the method for UHF RFID reader/writers is then presented. The in vitro EMI experiment uses 3 types of actual implantable cardiac pacemakers. Finally, the mitigation results are shown. The results show the proposed method can greatly shorten the maximum interference distance by more than 90 % for all pacemakers. For example, the maximum interferen-ce distance of one pacemaker is reduced by 68 cm, from 71 cm to 3 cm.","PeriodicalId":268582,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114587175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classifying facilities with respect to Intentional EMI","authors":"D. Månsson, M. Backstrom, R. Thottappillil","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2009.5284575","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the internal complexity, the human intent and the large physical distribution of a facility, a classification of the vulnerability of a facility or a distributed system to Intentional EMI based exclusively on shielding effectiveness is inadequate. This latter concept is more suitable for enclosures. Also, the hardening of such facilities against IEMI requires a correspondence between the electromagnetic zone boundary and physical access control boundary. Therefore a method, based on three key terms; Accessibility, Susceptibility and Consequence, is proposed here. Also, examples of how this method could be implemented are given here.","PeriodicalId":268582,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117337847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}