PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers最新文献

{"title":"Potential supercapacitors made of polymer/perovskite composites","authors":"A. Marcomini, J. A. Dias, M. Morelli, R. E. S. Bretas","doi":"10.1063/1.5121680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121680","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this project was to obtain high dielectric constant polymeric composites to be used as supercapacitors. The composites were formed by a polymeric matrix, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and perovskite particles of high dielectric constant (Na1/3Ca1/3Bi1/3Cu3Ti4O12). The perovskite was synthetized by solid-state reaction and added to the polymeric matrix by casting, followed by a melting mixing and injection molded processes. The masterbatches produced by casting were melted together with the matrix in a torque rheometer HaakeTM by RheomixTM; subsequently each sample was molded in a Ray-RanTM Test Sample Injection Molding Press. After that, the potential application as supercapacitors was evaluated by measuring the dielectric properties in AC by impedance spectroscopy. The morphology of these composites was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The evaluation showed particle agglomeration and an improvement in the PVDF dielectric permittivity. The Maxwell Garnett equation (MG) and a new model (NM) were compared with the experimental data, showing that their predictions was far below the obtained ones.The objective of this project was to obtain high dielectric constant polymeric composites to be used as supercapacitors. The composites were formed by a polymeric matrix, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and perovskite particles of high dielectric constant (Na1/3Ca1/3Bi1/3Cu3Ti4O12). The perovskite was synthetized by solid-state reaction and added to the polymeric matrix by casting, followed by a melting mixing and injection molded processes. The masterbatches produced by casting were melted together with the matrix in a torque rheometer HaakeTM by RheomixTM; subsequently each sample was molded in a Ray-RanTM Test Sample Injection Molding Press. After that, the potential application as supercapacitors was evaluated by measuring the dielectric properties in AC by impedance spectroscopy. The morphology of these composites was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The evaluation showed particle agglomeration and an improvement in the PVDF dielectric permittivity. The Maxwell Garnett equation (MG) a...","PeriodicalId":268370,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124250162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of rigid polyurethane foams as inner wetted thermal insulation","authors":"U. Cabulis, V. Yakushin, W. Fischer","doi":"10.1063/1.5121685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121685","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview about the recently performed development of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams on a cryogenic insulation for liquefied hydrogen (LH2) tanks application and gives information on the characterization test campaigns performed so far. Since this specific insulation is foreseen to be applied on inner surfaces of the propellant tanks it is called Inner Wetted Thermal Insulation (IWTI). The IWTI obtained by spraying method has been especially designed (with apparent core density 85 ± 2 kg/m3) for an optimum chemistry and cell structure morphology in order to achieve superior mechanical and thermal performance under these exceptional conditions. Studies of the foams` tension and compression properties at 295 and 77 K were carried out. The obtained safety coefficient of cryogenic insulation material reached 3.7.","PeriodicalId":268370,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130471604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of spherical micron-sized polyamide particles for additive manufacturing via liquid-liquid phase separation","authors":"M. A. Dechet, Stephanie Kloos, W. Peukert, Jochen Schmidt","doi":"10.1063/1.5121696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121696","url":null,"abstract":"Selective laser sintering (SLS) is an additive manufacturing (AM) process that yields excellent part qualities with good mechanical properties. The SLS process employs micron-sized polymer particles, which are selectively fused by a laser. While there seem to be hardly any boundaries regarding design, there are quite some restrictions concerning the variety of commercially available SLS materials. With a market share of roughly 90%, polyamide 12 (PA12) is currently the most widely used polymer material for SLS. In order to increase the understanding of the precipitation based manufacturing process for polyamide powders, production of polyamide 11 powders via precipitation in ethanol was investigated. The polymer particles need to be optimized regarding size, shape, flowability and packing characteristics. In this contribution particle manufacturing via liquid-liquid phase separation is discussed. Bulk polymer material of polyamide 11 is directly converted to spherical micron sized particles in a single unit operation. The produced particles are characterized regarding their size and morphology. Furthermore, also structural characteristics, crystallinity and flowability are analyzed and the product properties are correlated with process parameters. We discuss the potential of this process for the production of novel, easy-to-handle polymer particle systems for SLS.","PeriodicalId":268370,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124558334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of adjacent defects on the permeability of plasmapolymer coated plastics","authors":"C. Hopmann, Stefan Wilski, Jens Wipperfuerth, F. Mitschker, P. Awakowicz, R. Dahlmann","doi":"10.1063/1.5121667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121667","url":null,"abstract":"Permeation through plastics is an important factor in food and medical packaging, or in solar technology. The cause for usage of plastics is the variety of advantages, but on the other hand, the high permeability for gases or vapours has to be taken into account to reduce the mass transport. For this reason, the material is often coated with high barrier layers, e.g. SiOx-layer, that effectively reduces the permeation of gases and vapours. One of the established technologies to realise barrier coatings is the PECVD technique, in which a thin film of a few ten nanometres is generated by depositing the barrier film from the gas state to the solid state on the polymer. In theory, the permeation reduction should be much higher than typically measured. This is caused by defects in the barrier layer that arise by reasons of the film growing process during PECVD or contaminations on the polymer. A lot of research has been done to describe the mechanisms of permeation through thin films under consideration of the influence of adjacent defects. Typically a distance was defined under which an influence occur, but the influence itself was not described. In this paper, the focus is on the influence of adjacent defects. Assuming an amorphous polymer the permeation can be described by the Fick’s-Law. This requires knowledge of the defect and defect-size distributions, which are predetermined by etching methods and subsequent SEM imaging. A critical defect spacing parameter and an attenuation function will be derived from the results to describe the influence of adjacent defects. The results show that a superposition principle can be applied. Depending on the number of adjacent defects and their size the permeability of an individually defect can be described. In the future, the permeation through defects will be described by a molecular dynamic approach. The output of the first step of the simulation will be a time and defect size dependent concentration function, which serves as input for here performed macroscopic simulation.","PeriodicalId":268370,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129662622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High speed extrusion of modified polycarbonate","authors":"V. Schöppner, M. Pohl","doi":"10.1063/1.5121649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121649","url":null,"abstract":"An important topic in the area of research and development in extrusion technology is to increase the economical efficiency. In general, an increase in mass flow rate is done by designing bigger machines, but this also increases costs for maintenance and batch changes. Another possibility to increase throughput is to use smooth barrel extruders with high screw speeds (from 2 m/s on). In further investigations several issues were detected in the field of high speed extrusion and the processing of polycarbonate. Because of the high shear sensitivity of this polymer, at higher screw speeds temperature increases massively. The reason for the lack of melting is the enthalpy of amorphous polymers. To handle this issue we decided to analyze the behavior of a modified polycarbonate with a high shear thinning range and the same zero viscosity as a typical extrusion material. In this essay, the manufacturing of a special blended polycarbonate is presented as well as first results of processing this material at high screw speeds. These investigations are based on the evaluation of various speed ranges on an extruder (D = 30 mm) with vacuum degassing and a direct torque drive. In addition, several pressure sensors along the axial screw length and a temperature sensor in the area of the screw tip were installed. With this arrangement, it is possible to make a statement on temperature homogeneity, pressure development and the melting process. The overall goal is to achieve optimization strategies for the high speed extrusion of polycarbonate.An important topic in the area of research and development in extrusion technology is to increase the economical efficiency. In general, an increase in mass flow rate is done by designing bigger machines, but this also increases costs for maintenance and batch changes. Another possibility to increase throughput is to use smooth barrel extruders with high screw speeds (from 2 m/s on). In further investigations several issues were detected in the field of high speed extrusion and the processing of polycarbonate. Because of the high shear sensitivity of this polymer, at higher screw speeds temperature increases massively. The reason for the lack of melting is the enthalpy of amorphous polymers. To handle this issue we decided to analyze the behavior of a modified polycarbonate with a high shear thinning range and the same zero viscosity as a typical extrusion material. In this essay, the manufacturing of a special blended polycarbonate is presented as well as first results of processing this material at high...","PeriodicalId":268370,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117182517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymer hollow fiber membranes for gas separation: A comparison between three commercial resins","authors":"X. Chen, S. Kaliaguine, D. Rodrigue","doi":"10.1063/1.5121669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121669","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer hollow fibre membranes are becoming more and more used for gas separation. In this work, asymmetric hollow fibre membranes were prepared by a phase inversion technique with three commonly used commercial polymers: polyethersulfone (PES), polyetherimide (Ultem® 1000), and polyimides (Matrimid® 5218). The effect of spinning parameters (composition of the dope and bore solution, bore flow rate, air gap distance, temperature of the spinneret and coagulation bath, as well as take-up speed) on the membrane morphology and gas permeation properties was investigated. The membrane separation performances were characterized in terms of gas transport properties (permeance/selectivity) for different gases (H2, CO2, O2, N2, CH4) to relate this information with their morphology studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, dense flat membranes from the same materials were prepared by solvent casting to investigate the relationships between the gas separation performance and membrane configuration (...","PeriodicalId":268370,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130829880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of devulcanization and revulcanization of ground tire rubber in dynamic mechanical properties of blends ground tire rubber/high density polyethylene","authors":"F. D. Sousa, G. Hu, S. Hoppe, C. H. Scuracchio","doi":"10.1063/1.5121674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121674","url":null,"abstract":"Ground tire rubber (GTR) was devulcanized in a system comprised of a conventional microwave oven adapted with a motorized stirring system with speed control by 5.5 minutes. Blends composed of GTR/high density polyethylene (HDPE) were prepared in a twin-screw extruder with two feeders at 180°C. The blends were produced in different concentrations, and both the effect of devulcanization and the dynamic revulcanization of GTR phase in the dynamic mechanical properties of the blends were analyzed. As main results, the devulcanization of GTR phase changed the crystallinity of HDPE phase of some blends, possibly because of changes in sizes of particles of devulcanized GTR and its distribution in the matrix. Concerning the revulcanization of the elastomeric phase, generally, it was observed the shift of the glass transition temperature (Tg) peak of the GTR to higher temperatures, and reduction in the area under the peak of tan δ for the Tg of the same phase, as a result of the restriction on the mobility of the GTR by dynamic revulcanization.Ground tire rubber (GTR) was devulcanized in a system comprised of a conventional microwave oven adapted with a motorized stirring system with speed control by 5.5 minutes. Blends composed of GTR/high density polyethylene (HDPE) were prepared in a twin-screw extruder with two feeders at 180°C. The blends were produced in different concentrations, and both the effect of devulcanization and the dynamic revulcanization of GTR phase in the dynamic mechanical properties of the blends were analyzed. As main results, the devulcanization of GTR phase changed the crystallinity of HDPE phase of some blends, possibly because of changes in sizes of particles of devulcanized GTR and its distribution in the matrix. Concerning the revulcanization of the elastomeric phase, generally, it was observed the shift of the glass transition temperature (Tg) peak of the GTR to higher temperatures, and reduction in the area under the peak of tan δ for the Tg of the same phase, as a result of the restriction on the mobility of the ...","PeriodicalId":268370,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers","volume":"ahead-of-print 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114306907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compounding of polyethylene composites using high speed twin and quad screw extruders","authors":"Mansour M. Albareeki, S. Driscoll, C. Barry","doi":"10.1063/1.5121653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121653","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of high screw speed twin and quad screw extruders on mixing was investigated using polyethylene microcomposites with 1 wt% calcium carbonate. Using screws with similar designs extruder type influenced the effects that screw speeds of 300 to 200 rpm had on extruder residence time, melt temperature, drive torque, and head pressure. Parallel plate rheology indicated significant chain scission of the polymers, but better filler dispersion at screw speeds of 900 and 1500 rpm and better dispersion in the quad screw extruder. In the quad screw extruder, the lower melt temperatures and greater shear allowed better mixing at higher screw speeds than the twin screw extruder. The dispersion was confirmed with transmission electron microscopy.The effect of high screw speed twin and quad screw extruders on mixing was investigated using polyethylene microcomposites with 1 wt% calcium carbonate. Using screws with similar designs extruder type influenced the effects that screw speeds of 300 to 200 rpm had on extruder residence time, melt temperature, drive torque, and head pressure. Parallel plate rheology indicated significant chain scission of the polymers, but better filler dispersion at screw speeds of 900 and 1500 rpm and better dispersion in the quad screw extruder. In the quad screw extruder, the lower melt temperatures and greater shear allowed better mixing at higher screw speeds than the twin screw extruder. The dispersion was confirmed with transmission electron microscopy.","PeriodicalId":268370,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121886898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymer-derived mesoporous silicon carbide membranes","authors":"Acosta Emanoelle Diz, Mallmann Maíra Debarba, B. Samuel, Machado Ricardo Antonio Francisco","doi":"10.1063/1.5121668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121668","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of ceramic materials, originated from preceramic polymers, with multifunctional characteristics and potential to be applied in several areas (such as the aeronautic, automotive, chemical, electrical and food industries), becomes an object of great interest. This methodology enables the development of ceramics with particular compositions, textures, structures and shapes which are difficult to obtain by conventional powder-based ceramic processes. In this work it is presented some results and an overview of the processes and materials required for the production of inorganic layers to produce membranes, the synthesis methods, as well as other relevant concepts of the techniques used to obtain ordered structures. Here, the idea is to combine the properties of silicon carbide based ceramics with gas separation applications through the Polymer Derived Ceramics (PDCs) route combined with a suitable shaping process.","PeriodicalId":268370,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers","volume":"39 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133489353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The processing of alternating multi-layered functional polymer composites through high speed thin-wall injection molding","authors":"M. Fu, H. Deng, R. Du, M. Fan, Yi Zhou, Q. Fu","doi":"10.1063/1.5121673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5121673","url":null,"abstract":"Various functions of polymer composites, including electrical conductive, thermal conductive, dielectric, EMI shielding, strain sensing, etc, has been extensively investigated. These functions need to be delivered by functional filler or structure. Therefore, the morphological control of these functional filler or structure should play vital role on the final properties of these functional polymer composites. In recent years, we have carried out a series of studies focusing on “The relationship between different morphological control methods--filler network morphology & property—functionality”. Efforts have been made on investigating various morphology control methods including: construction and destruction of filler network during processing, multi-layered structure through high speed thin-wall injection molding and macroscopic segregated network structure. Herein, the formation of multi-layered structure during high speed thin-wall injection molding process will be introduced. The thermodynamic and kinetic issues influencing the formation of such structure and the application of such structure for the preparation of functional polymer composites will be systematically discussed.Various functions of polymer composites, including electrical conductive, thermal conductive, dielectric, EMI shielding, strain sensing, etc, has been extensively investigated. These functions need to be delivered by functional filler or structure. Therefore, the morphological control of these functional filler or structure should play vital role on the final properties of these functional polymer composites. In recent years, we have carried out a series of studies focusing on “The relationship between different morphological control methods--filler network morphology & property—functionality”. Efforts have been made on investigating various morphology control methods including: construction and destruction of filler network during processing, multi-layered structure through high speed thin-wall injection molding and macroscopic segregated network structure. Herein, the formation of multi-layered structure during high speed thin-wall injection molding process will be introduced. The thermodynamic and kine...","PeriodicalId":268370,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-33 : The 33rd International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134223565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}