{"title":"Mutual-Impedance Calculation for Arrays of Sonar Transducers by Integration on Neural Networks","authors":"Kun-Chou Lee, J. Jhang","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393844","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the mutual-impedances within arrays of sonar transducers are calculated by integration on neural networks. The multi-dimensional integrations appearing in mutual-impedance formulations are replaced by integration on neural networks. Initially, the integrand is modeled by a trained neural network. The multi-dimensional integrations on the integrand can then be replaced by integrations on the output of neural network. Neither numerical nor artificial integration operation is required. With this replacement, the computation efforts are well reduced. Numerical examples show that the results calculated by the proposed method in this paper are consistent with those calculated by other existing studies. The method proposed in this paper can be easily applied to many other engineering problems.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125573496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of Competition for Space and Food among Mussels on Artificial Structures","authors":"D. Kitazawa","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393975","url":null,"abstract":"A mathematical model of competition for space and food availability among mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) is applied to the mussels settling on the artificial substrates around the mouth of Sumida river in Tokyo Bay. The model consists of a physiological growth submodel based on the dynamic energy budget (DEB) model and a competition submodel for space and food. As a result of numerical simulation, the model can predict well the time histories of the averaged shell length and body weight from 11 September to 20 December in 2002. With growth of mussels, a new layer is produced in the mussel bank at the beginning of November. The mussels that form the inner layers stop food ingestion, so the shell length and body weight of them are smaller than those of mussels in the 1st layer. They continue living by consuming the reserved and gonadal materials. Hence the population number maintains the initial value of 100,000 individuals per square meters, however about half of the mussels are starved in the inner layer and the starved mussels do not contribute to food ingestion and oxygen consumption rates of the mussel aggregation (mussel bank). The oxygen consumption rate of the mussel bank is approximately predicted by the developed model, which has less obscurity on the parameter values of respiration rate than the existing SFG based model.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126003204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vertical Mixing Enhanced by Artificial Mound in the Shallow Ocean","authors":"S. Hirabayashi, T. Sato","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393923","url":null,"abstract":"An artificial mound was settled at the shallow ocean of 33deg 28' 42'' N and 129deg 25' 29\" E for the purpose that it enhances vertical mixing and consequently carries the nutrients from the bottom to surface layer aiming at rich primary production. In order to understand the flow characteristics near the mound, vertical shear was measured by two kinds of ADCPs, one was loaded on a moving boat and the other was settled at the sea bottom. Stratification was also measured regularly by a CTD. Energy dissipation rate and diapycnal diffusivity were estimated from vertical shear and stratification. Spatial and temporal distributions of diapycnal diffusivity were obtained from moving and fixed ADCPs, respectively. The estimated values give an evidence for the enhancement of vertical mixing near the mound in the full spring tide, while little enhancement was found in the other tidal timings. It was confirmed that the tidal currents plays a significant role on the turbulent dissipation; namely, the estimated diapycnal diffusivity was well correlated to the tidal speed.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"417 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131528754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A study on the development of mixing clean heater","authors":"K. S. Kwon, H. Jeong, N. Park","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393924","url":null,"abstract":"The owners of the fishing, working boats and similar kinds of vessels have been in difficult situations due to the rapid oil prices increase since the 1st and 2nd oil crises. As the price of the international crude oil holds 60-70 US dollars per barrel recently, the fishing and working boats have seen a big problem of no more sailings caused by the oil price increase. In view of this matter, You-Nam Marine Engineering Co. and KIMFT in Busan, Republic of Korea, jointly researched and developed the mixing clean heater as fuel oil pretreatment system that Bunker A or MF 30 grade oil could be used instead of marine diesel or gas oil. These days, marine gas oil is at least twice as expensive than Bunker-A oil. This system consists of an electric driven motor, shaft, propeller, friction plate and heating coil, also auxiliary parts such as 1st filter and 2nd magnetic filters etc. The advantages of this mixing clean heater are reducing the fuel oil sludge generation, increasing engine output power, reducing the trouble in moving parts for exhaust and intake valves, and also if we change the fuel oil converting marine gas oil or marine diesel oil to Bunker-A oil or MF 30 grade oil, direct or indirect fuel oil cost can be saved up to 35% ~ 50% for fishing boats or any kind of working boats. In this research, we developed the mixing clean heater as fuel oil pretreatment system that Bunker-A or MF 30 grade oil could be used instead of expensive marine diesel oil or marine gas oil used in low speed engines or medium speed engines. The mixing clean heater has functions such as fuel oil heating for appropriate viscosity, reducing the sludge, no carbon deposit on the heating coil and removing steel rust etc.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125646159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ReefGrid - a communication network on the great barrier reef","authors":"G. Woods, C. Palazzi, A. Kulessa, D. Maskell","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393850","url":null,"abstract":"The future protection of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) will rely on enhanced monitoring of key environment parameters and human activity on the reef. To achieve this goal will require the establishment of a high speed radio communication backbone between individual reef systems and back to the Australian mainland. This paper investigates the feasibility of implementing a microwave radio communication network across the GBR. The optimum frequency and antenna height needed to use the evaporation duct that forms above the ocean for beyond the horizon propagation is investigated. The model used for this investigation is based on parabolic equation method (PEM) simulation software using standard statistical environmental data. The reliability of over ocean radio propagation links is also studied In this case, environment data measured for the GBR region is employed in the PEM software to obtain the predicted link outage rates. Finally, the paper comments on the suitability of this analysis and other factors which might effect the performance of this network.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124674459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fanlin Yang, Jiabiao Li, F. Chu, Xianglong Jin, Ziyin Wu
{"title":"Automatic Detecting Outliers in Multibeam Echo Sounding Data","authors":"Fanlin Yang, Jiabiao Li, F. Chu, Xianglong Jin, Ziyin Wu","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393818","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in technology and more exacting requirements for hydrographic survey have led to greatly increasing data rates and densities for new generation multibeam systems. It needs rapidly to process the large datasets. However, interactive plot is employed to edit data manually in some hydrographic software. The efficiency is too low. Therefore, some automatic and rapid approaches must be developed. In this paper, an automatic algorithm for detecting outliers is proposed. The algorithm avoids the slow and long time in manual editing. The interactively editing theory is used to automatically detect large and collective outliers, so it is robust. Erosion and dilation effectively retain the normal data which is separated from main block. The result of median filter is not ultimate result, and it is only used to calculate local variance, so distortion in details is avoided and the little outliers are located. It is one kind of postprocessing method. The algorithm is verified by some data and proved to be rapid, robust and able to automatically process large quantities of data.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123113893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Han Jun, Akira Asada, T. Ura, Y. Yagita, Yukinaga Yamauchi
{"title":"High Speed Acoustic Network And Noncontact Power Supplier For Seafloor Geodetic Observing Robot System","authors":"Han Jun, Akira Asada, T. Ura, Y. Yagita, Yukinaga Yamauchi","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393881","url":null,"abstract":"A new effective seafloor geodetic observing robot network system has been proposed and is under construction in Japan, which consists of several submarine stations where interplate earthquakes tend to occur. Each station with an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) dock is connected to a land facility with cables for power feeding and communications. Near the AUV dock, three or four seafloor reference stations will be expanded for geodetic observation. In this system high bit rate and low error rate are required when uploading mass observed geodetic data from the AUV to its dock without a cable connection. A prototype acoustic network system with 100 kilobit per second (kbps) high rate and point-to-point protocol (PPP) implementation has been developed using a phase shift keying (PSK) modulation. Noncontact power feeding system is another key technology which enables AUVs to conduct observation for a long time. In this paper an efficient noncontact high power feeding system with 400 watts and 86% inverting efficiency for AUVs will also be described.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129521792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A performance comparison between Conventional PNN and Multi-spread PNN in ship noise classification","authors":"M. Farrokhrooz, M. Karimi","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393955","url":null,"abstract":"The use of Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) is very common in supervised pattern recognition applications. PNN is based on Bayes decision rule and it uses Gaussian Parzen windows for estimating the probability density functions (pdf) required in Bayes rule. The conventional PNN needs a single spread value for pdf estimation which is proportional to Gaussian window width. In this paper we will suggest the use of a multi-spread PNN structure whose spread values are estimated using the training data. In addition, we will introduce several new discriminating features of acoustic radiated noise which can be used for ship noise classification. These features will be used as discriminating features in the conventional and multi-spread PNN. Finally, the performance of the conventional PNN and the suggested multi-spread PNN in classifying real ship noise data will be compared. Results of this comparison show that the performance of the multi-spread PNN is better than the conventional PNN.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130900732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Turbulent Flow over Two-Dimensional Rectangular-Shaped Roughness Elements with Various Spacings","authors":"B. Hyun, E. J. Sun, T.Y. Kim","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393827","url":null,"abstract":"The present study deals with the flow over a flat plate with repeated roughness elements of 2-dimensional rectangular shape, which can be applied into the study on the natural geographical roughness and the turbulent flow on roughened solid surface. Experiment was performed using PIV technique in the circulating water channel. Results showed that the flow over roughness elements was characterized by the high shear flow emanating from top of roughness element and the recirculating region formed at the trough of two roughness elements. It was also confirmed that k-type roughness is certainly a more effective means than d-type roughness in thickening the viscous layer. In general, the ratio between the spacing and the height of roughness elements plays a crucial role in developing the flow pattern near wall surface.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130908587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ocean Trials of the S2C Acoustic Link for German-Indonesian Tsunami Early-Warning System","authors":"K. Kebkal, R. Bannasch, A. Kebkal, S. Yakovlev","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSAP.2006.4393901","url":null,"abstract":"In November-December 2005 a deep-sea version of sweep-spread carrier telemetry link has been applied for data exchange between an ocean bottom unit and a surface buoy comprising the German-Indonesian tsunami early system (GETEWS). So, main development efforts were primarily focused on the solution of problems induced with vertical and vertically inclined hydroacoustic telemetry channels in deep waters. In conditions of most practical interest, rather high bit rates, usually between 1 and 4 kbps (sporadically up to 6.5 kbps), were registered and thus experimentally proved. Keeping in view the limitations on given frequency range (effectively from 8 to 16 kHz) and on power consumption (less than 80 W), the practically achieved performance confirmed advantages of the sweep-spread carrier technology for data telemetry under tricky environmental conditions in practical oceanographic applications. Working from research vessel \"Sonne\" the surface telemetry unit was exposed to high-level broadband noise produced by ship mechanisms (due to strong wind and waves a positioning system of the ship constantly switched on and off different positioning mechanisms on board). Owing to permanent ship movements, receive and transmit conditions were continuously varying. Strong water flows in vicinity of surface modem provided fast and strong deviations of the modem from its normal (vertical) position. Variations in modem arrangement and presence of multiple reflecting objects provided conditions, in which the multipath structure was especially intricate. The paper contents trials description, theory and analysis of the S2C acoustic link working under given conditions.","PeriodicalId":268341,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133905797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}