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Radio Frequency Interference Considerations in Large-Scale STATCOM Installations 大规模STATCOM安装中的射频干扰考虑
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901214
E. Eriksson, Jon Rasmussen, M. Akyuz
{"title":"Radio Frequency Interference Considerations in Large-Scale STATCOM Installations","authors":"E. Eriksson, Jon Rasmussen, M. Akyuz","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901214","url":null,"abstract":"In recent times, applications providing reactive power compensation to the power system have gained interest in the context of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI). A paradigm shift in the converter technology has not only reduced switching losses and given enhanced controllability, but also give rise to concerns about electromagnetic emission. This paper explains the origin of the RFI from a Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), how the emission can be mitigated, and the relationship between emission and the design of the application. In addition, the paper presents necessary measurement and background noise considerations and proves the accuracy of a distance conversion method. The STATCOM is a physically very large application with long conductors, handling high current under high voltages. Comparing to other well-known sources of RFI, the STATCOM differs significantly. This paper explains and concludes why a high-power STATCOM installation cannot follow a small, low voltage and mass-produced, apparatus standard. Far-field theory and presence of high background noise must be considered. The complex nature of the application due to an uncountable number of parasitic inductances and stray capacitances complicates modeling. However, the paper proposes an approach to model standardized major components to yield generic and representative simulation results.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133821356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of Impedance Interaction & Comparability on Spectral Aggregation (2–150 kHz) in DC Grids 阻抗相互作用与可比性对直流电网2 - 150khz频谱聚集的影响
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900988
A. Khilnani, A. Pena-Quintal, E. Ballukja, M. Sumner, David W. P. Thomas, L. Sandrolini, A. Mariscotti
{"title":"Influence of Impedance Interaction & Comparability on Spectral Aggregation (2–150 kHz) in DC Grids","authors":"A. Khilnani, A. Pena-Quintal, E. Ballukja, M. Sumner, David W. P. Thomas, L. Sandrolini, A. Mariscotti","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900988","url":null,"abstract":"The reported higher levels of conducted emissions in DC grids in the 2–150 kHz range are caused by the spectral aggregations resulting from the converter's switching harmonics. The dominant influence for these spectral aggregates is the impedance correlation between the DC-link capacitor and the converters. This paper analyses the impedance interaction & comparability between the DC-link and the DC/DC converters at the point of common coupling in the DC grid. Simulations with four DC-link capacitors and forty parallel DC/DC converters are conducted, with full (non-linear) and equivalent-source (linear) models for comparison. The dBμV values for the first spectral aggregate decrease as the augmenting DC-side impedance becomes comparable with the smaller DC-link impedance, lowering the electromagnetic interference in the DC grid. This understanding may provide insights into the DC-link capacitor design from an electromagnetic compatibility perspective, and towards developing a framework for DC power quality standards in the 2–150 kHz range.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133363296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Mono-Static Radar Cross-Section Measurement and Calibration for Complex Natural Resonance Extraction 复杂自然共振提取的单静态雷达截面测量与标定
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901128
M. Rosenthal, Felix Middelstaedt, R. Vick
{"title":"Mono-Static Radar Cross-Section Measurement and Calibration for Complex Natural Resonance Extraction","authors":"M. Rosenthal, Felix Middelstaedt, R. Vick","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901128","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the metrological determination of the backscattered electromagnetic field using a vector network analyzer and a mono-static radar setup in an absorber-lined semi-anechoic chamber. Using simple resonant models, the extraction of the complex natural resonances (CNR) from the measurement data is performed by the vector-fitting algorithm in the frequency domain and by the matrix-pencil-method in time-domain. The obtained results are validated against simulation data. Finally, the CNRs are evaluated in terms of electromagnetic compatibility problems.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121796548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Conducted EMI Emissions in SPWM based Control Modular Multilevel Converters 基于SPWM的控制模块化多电平变换器的传导电磁干扰发射
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901220
D. Hamza
{"title":"Conducted EMI Emissions in SPWM based Control Modular Multilevel Converters","authors":"D. Hamza","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901220","url":null,"abstract":"In Low Voltage (LV) and Medium Voltage (MV) networks, specific power converters, namely the modular multilevel converters (MMC), need to be in-place to aggregate the renewable energy sources and provide an interface to the distribution electric network (grid). In addition, these multilevel converters can also be used as point-to-point interface in HVDC transmission networks. This paper presents an investigation of the conducted EMI emissions in MMC converters and provides an appropriate filtering solution to reduce the ground current and the stray capacitor voltage. It points out the merit of the selecting the Sub-harmonics SPWM technique as the preferred techniques base on the harmonics cancellations inherent in the control method. A 9-level MMC has been simulated using Matlab-Simpower toolbox. The results have been provided to verify the effectiveness of the EMI filtering method.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124918943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Comparative Analysis of LoRa and LoRaWAN in the Presence of Jammers and Transient Interference 存在干扰和瞬态干扰时LoRa和LoRaWAN的比较分析
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901081
A. N. de São José, Nathan Chopinet, E. Simon, A. Boé, T. Vantroys, C. Gransart, V. Deniau
{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of LoRa and LoRaWAN in the Presence of Jammers and Transient Interference","authors":"A. N. de São José, Nathan Chopinet, E. Simon, A. Boé, T. Vantroys, C. Gransart, V. Deniau","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901081","url":null,"abstract":"There is a lack of studies about the susceptibility of LoRa networks to specific interference sources such as broadband jammers and the train catenary, which produces transient interference in a railway environment. In this paper, we investigate this topic by separately analyzing the proprietary LoRa physical layer and the open medium access control layer. Such an approach allows us to decompose the interference effects into two elements: the signal integrity effects at the physical layer and the counter measures of the LoRaWAN protocol.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125106177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
SAR Computation Due to Wearable Devices by Using High-Resolution Body Models and FDTD Numerical Code 基于高分辨率人体模型和FDTD数值编码的可穿戴设备SAR计算
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900983
Greta Silla, L. Bastianelli, E. Colella, F. Moglie, V. M. Primiani
{"title":"SAR Computation Due to Wearable Devices by Using High-Resolution Body Models and FDTD Numerical Code","authors":"Greta Silla, L. Bastianelli, E. Colella, F. Moglie, V. M. Primiani","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900983","url":null,"abstract":"The specific absorption rate (SAR) determined by a wearable heart rate monitor device (HRMD) is computed. A full wave finite difference time domain (FDTD) code is adopted to compute the electromagnetic field inside a high resolution body model accounting for the permittivity and conductivity values of all human tissues. Also the antenna of the device is accurately modeled by the FDTD code. The percentage of power deposition in each single tissue is recovered. The code running on a supercomputer allows to repeat quickly a lot of simulations, showing the not negligible dependence of SAR values according to the device positioning on the body.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125440391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Design of EMI Improved Isolated DC/DC Converter for Space-based Applications 基于空间应用的电磁干扰改进隔离型DC/DC变换器设计
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900956
Patrick Koch, Johan Dijkstra, N. Moonen
{"title":"Design of EMI Improved Isolated DC/DC Converter for Space-based Applications","authors":"Patrick Koch, Johan Dijkstra, N. Moonen","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900956","url":null,"abstract":"For space exploration, for instance by use of Cube-Sats, there is need for small converters which can both operate isolated and non-isolated with a low EMI profile. Incorporating Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) within the design stage is therefore crucial, and can be achieved by applying different EMI mitigation techniques from the very start of the design. This paper investigates inherent reduction of EMI via interleaving, balancing, and symmetrically designing a DC/DC converter. Mass and volume restraints are considered as well during the design. It will be shown that these relatively advanced (but matured) design techniques, already well known and utilized on Earth, can be utilized for a novel design for space based applications with beneficial charateristics.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125469762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Single-layer Dual-band Frequency Selective Surface for 5G Shielding 一种用于5G屏蔽的单层双带频率选择表面
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901163
Yu Huang, Liping Yan, Xiang Zhao, M. Ye, Richard Xian-Ke Gao
{"title":"A Single-layer Dual-band Frequency Selective Surface for 5G Shielding","authors":"Yu Huang, Liping Yan, Xiang Zhao, M. Ye, Richard Xian-Ke Gao","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901163","url":null,"abstract":"A single-layer dual-band FSS working as a band rejection filter in the two frequency ranges of 0 to 4.7 GHz and 25.3 to 30.0 GHz is proposed for 5G electromagnetic shielding in this paper. The proposed FSS unit cell consisting of a metallic square ring and four bent arms that occupy 42 percent of the cell's area, provides good electromagnetic shielding while retains sufficient light transmittance. The simulated results illustrate the stable shielding performance in the interested two bands with polarization independence and angular stability up to 40°.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129238992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement-Based Equivalent Circuit Model for Time-Domain Simulation of EMI Filters 基于测量的电磁干扰滤波器时域仿真等效电路模型
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901020
S. Negri, G. Spadacini, F. Grassi, S. Pignari
{"title":"Measurement-Based Equivalent Circuit Model for Time-Domain Simulation of EMI Filters","authors":"S. Negri, G. Spadacini, F. Grassi, S. Pignari","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901020","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a methodology to derive equivalent circuits of EMI filters from S-parameters is introduced and discussed. Starting from measured S-parameters and with no need for information on the internal structure of the filter, a rational approximation of the measured frequency responses is derived and equivalent circuits are directly synthesized. The proposed black-box filter models are compatible with SPICE solvers and can be used, in combination with component-level representations of power-electronic equipment, for the prediction of conducted emissions through time-domain simulation. As an example of usage, a CISPR-25 test setup where the EMI filter operates in the presence of an inverter is discussed.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128024315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment of Exposure to Magnetic Field from Pulse Width Modulated Currents 脉宽调制电流对磁场暴露的评估
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901263
M. Johansson, J. Carlsson
{"title":"Assessment of Exposure to Magnetic Field from Pulse Width Modulated Currents","authors":"M. Johansson, J. Carlsson","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901263","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes how it can be investigated whether fields caused by pulse width modulated (PWM) currents comply with exposure safety guidelines such as the ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) guidelines, using weighting filters and coupling factors in such a way that the time and geometrical dependencies can be treated separately. With that separation, results can be obtained for different currents without the need to repeat computationally demanding field computations for each current and it can be investigated how for example the rise time of the current affects the field exposure. Such investigations can help determine how PWM currents can be modified to ensure that the ICNIRP exposure safety guidelines are complied with.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122429045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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