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An Exponential Back-off Algorithm Based Interference Avoidance Strategy for Bluetooth Low Energy against Wideband Interference 基于指数回退算法的低功耗蓝牙宽带抗干扰策略
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901045
Bozheng Pang, T. Claeys, H. Hallez, J. Boydens
{"title":"An Exponential Back-off Algorithm Based Interference Avoidance Strategy for Bluetooth Low Energy against Wideband Interference","authors":"Bozheng Pang, T. Claeys, H. Hallez, J. Boydens","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901045","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless connection reliability is always a top priority in Internet of Things systems, especially in a harsh electro-magnetic environment. As a prominent wireless communication protocol in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, Bluetooth Low Energy always has compatibility challenges with wideband protocols working in the same frequency band such as Wi-Fi, In this paper, we present a lightweight strategy for Bluetooth Low Energy devices to cope with the compatibility issues with wideband interference. The strategy is based on the exponential back-off algorithm and is implemented mostly in the Bluetooth Low Energy application layer. The results of the experiments show that the strategy can deal with both static and dynamic wideband interference, reducing packet loss rates to around 3 % and 5 %, respectively.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126205871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the Impact of Spread Spectrum EMI on Communication Performance 扩频电磁干扰对通信性能的影响
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901161
E. Axell, Thomas Ranström, S. Linder, K. Wiklundh, K. Fors
{"title":"On the Impact of Spread Spectrum EMI on Communication Performance","authors":"E. Axell, Thomas Ranström, S. Linder, K. Wiklundh, K. Fors","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901161","url":null,"abstract":"Spread spectrum is a technique that is commonly used today with the intent to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) from clocks and devices, such as e.g. switching DC/DC converters. The principle idea behind the technique is to spread the power at one frequency to a larger bandwidth and thereby decrease the interference amplitude and make it more probable to pass EMC emission requirements. This work analyzes the impact on radio communication receivers from this interference reducing technique. The relation between the communication receiver bandwidth and the spreading bandwidth of the spread spectrum operation is clarified. Furthermore, the effect of the aggregated EMI from multiple is investigated. Spread spectrum techniques may have a reducing effect on the communication degradation, as long as the spreading bandwidth is large in relation to the communication bandwidth and the number of EMI sources is limited to just a few. In all other cases, spectrum spreading does not reduce the interference impact.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126442253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radiated emissions from power feeders for electric propulsion in aircraft 飞机电力推进电源馈线的辐射发射
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901297
J. L. Rotgerink
{"title":"Radiated emissions from power feeders for electric propulsion in aircraft","authors":"J. L. Rotgerink","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901297","url":null,"abstract":"Electric propulsion is a major focal point for aviation industry towards achievement of international sustainability goals. These developments will cause an inevitable increase in on-board power levels, implying higher voltages and currents. One of the various corresponding challenges in electromagnetic compatibility concerns the radiated emissions of power feeders. This paper focusses on the modelling of these emissions from three-phase power feeders by a combination of multiconductor transmission line modelling for determination of the currents in power feeders, and the Hertzian Dipole method to determine the radiated electric fields. Simulations and measurements are performed on the case of a single wire above ground, as well as a three-phase power feeder, resulting in a good match between theory and practice. The obtained simulation methods can also be used in combination with actual currents flowing onto the cabling, obtained either from measurements or simulations, to estimate the total in situ radiated emissions from three-phase power feeders.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124376982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Wearable ESD Occurrence Rate Detection with Voltage Level Estimation 基于电压水平估计的可穿戴式ESD发生率检测
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901093
Gabriel Fellner, D. Pommerenke, Seyed Mostafa Mousavi, Amin Pak, Matthias Wintersteller, Christoph Koger, Satyajeet Shinde, Michael Hillstrom
{"title":"Wearable ESD Occurrence Rate Detection with Voltage Level Estimation","authors":"Gabriel Fellner, D. Pommerenke, Seyed Mostafa Mousavi, Amin Pak, Matthias Wintersteller, Christoph Koger, Satyajeet Shinde, Michael Hillstrom","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901093","url":null,"abstract":"Detecting personal ESD by using electric field sensors attached to the clothing was evaluated across different realistic charge and discharge scenarios. The ESD event itself is detected by the associated fast collapse of the electric field at the human. Its magnitude is determined by the E-field change using calibration that relates the E-field on the body to the charge voltage of the body. Two sensors are used to enhance accuracy. One of these positions hereby is on the front-side of the leg and the other on the back-side. The paper explains the measurement principle and gives example results.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127777689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Source Stirred Vibrating Intrinsic Reverberation Chamber Using Two Antennas 采用双天线的源搅拌振动本征混响室
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901261
Danilo Izzo, R. Vogt-Ardatjew, Georgios Erotas, F. Leferink
{"title":"A Source Stirred Vibrating Intrinsic Reverberation Chamber Using Two Antennas","authors":"Danilo Izzo, R. Vogt-Ardatjew, Georgios Erotas, F. Leferink","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901261","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the design and the realization of a source stirred vibrating intrinsic reverberation chamber. The source stirring is proposed as additional stirring method in order to improve the action of the vibrating wall stirring. It was achieved through two printed board circuit logarithmic-antennas and a single-pole, double-throw coaxial switch. The antennas were located in a small-sized ($1 mathrm{m}times 1.2 mathrm{m} times 1.5 mathrm{m}$) vibrating reverberation chamber and the analysis of the electromagnetic field and its statistical properties conducted from 200 MHz up to 1 GHz.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127530312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Including Experimental Aging of Shielded Cables into Bulk Current Injection Simulations 将屏蔽电缆的老化实验纳入大电流注入模拟
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901089
Oskari Leppäaho, F. Lafon, Bruno Ferreri, P. Fernandez-Lopez, Marine Stojanovic, R. Perdriau, M. Ramdani
{"title":"Including Experimental Aging of Shielded Cables into Bulk Current Injection Simulations","authors":"Oskari Leppäaho, F. Lafon, Bruno Ferreri, P. Fernandez-Lopez, Marine Stojanovic, R. Perdriau, M. Ramdani","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901089","url":null,"abstract":"Transfer impedance of shielded cables is a main characteristic to describe cable shielding performance at least up to 1 GHz. Traditionally, a cable shield consists of a braid, a foil, or a combination of them. Braids have attracted a significant amount of research interest, while foils have not. Published studies have concentrated on cable shielding performance when cables are new. In this paper, a highly accelerated aging method for shielded cables is presented and applied to a cable made up of a combination of a braid and foil shield. Finally, the effect of aging on system performance during bulk current injection (BCI) tests is assessed by circuit simulation.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133999115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Time Reversal in Reverberating Structures for Deep Focusing in Human Bodies 人体深聚焦混响结构的时间反转
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901299
E. Colella, L. Bastianelli, Francesco Dragano, V. M. Primiani, F. Moglie
{"title":"Time Reversal in Reverberating Structures for Deep Focusing in Human Bodies","authors":"E. Colella, L. Bastianelli, Francesco Dragano, V. M. Primiani, F. Moglie","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901299","url":null,"abstract":"The following article focuses on Time Reversal as a focusing technique of electromagnetic fields in biological systems. The analysis took place through numerical simulations performed by Finite Difference Time Domain applied to a numerical human model. The model of interest was the upper chest and head placed within a reverberation chamber. Two simulations have been performed considering difference size of the chamber. The results showed better focus for the larger reverberation chamber where, less field dispersion and greater focused field values have been achieved. This indicates a perfect compatibility of the Time reversal in medical field for biological heating therapies.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127176880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Un-terminated Black-Box EMI Models of Power Converters Driven by Random Modulation Strategies 随机调制策略驱动功率变换器的非端接黑盒电磁干扰模型
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901160
Lu Wan, A. Beshir, Xinglong Wu, Xiaokang Liu, F. Grassi, G. Spadacini, S. Pignari
{"title":"Un-terminated Black-Box EMI Models of Power Converters Driven by Random Modulation Strategies","authors":"Lu Wan, A. Beshir, Xinglong Wu, Xiaokang Liu, F. Grassi, G. Spadacini, S. Pignari","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901160","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the development of renewable energy systems, there is an increasing need for tools to predict the Conducted Emissions (CE) exiting from power inverters, so to provide guidelines for optimal filter design. The objective is not only to limit the high-frequency noise injected into the distribution network (ac side) but also to protect the electronic circuitry on the dc side of the inverter. Hence, it is necessary to derive Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) models of the power inverter at both sides of the device. To this end, the (ac-side) behavioral model presented in previous works is here extended to predict the CE exiting both sides of a power inverter interfacing a PV panel to the distribution grid. Besides, suitable conditions for applying black-box modelling in the presence of random modulation strategies are investigated. It is proven that model effectiveness mainly depends on the base switching frequency and frequency band, while the effect of randomness does not significantly degrade prediction accuracy.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116619063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Novel Hybrid Nested Reverberation Chamber Measurement Technique for Shielding Effectiveness of Conductive Fabrics 一种新型混合嵌套混响室测量导电织物屏蔽效能的方法
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901027
Hakki Ekin Ozdemir, M. H. Nisanci, F. Ustuner, A. Y. Citkaya, H. Torpi, M. T. Mersin, Rıdvan Aba, C. Coşar
{"title":"A Novel Hybrid Nested Reverberation Chamber Measurement Technique for Shielding Effectiveness of Conductive Fabrics","authors":"Hakki Ekin Ozdemir, M. H. Nisanci, F. Ustuner, A. Y. Citkaya, H. Torpi, M. T. Mersin, Rıdvan Aba, C. Coşar","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901027","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel hybrid nested reverberation chamber measurement technique for shielding effectiveness measurement of the conductive fabrics. The test setup consists of a conventional outer reverberation chamber and a small inner chamber whose walls and ceiling are covered with electromagnetic absorbers. Therefore, the inner chamber which has no stirrer acts as a semi-anechoic chamber, whereas the outer chamber acts as a reverberation chamber (RC) and the proposed test setup shows a hybrid characteristic. In this study, firstly, the field uniformity of the outer RC is experimentally verified considering the IEC 61000-4-21 standard in the frequency range of 2–10 GHz. Afterwards, both the shielding effectiveness of the conductive fabric and the dynamic range of the proposed nested reverberation chamber (NRC) technique are obtained. Moreover, the obtained results are compared with the MIL-DTL-83528G test method.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132405442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
FPGA Switching Current Modeling Based on Register Transfer Level Logic Simulation for Power Side-channel Attack Prediction 基于寄存器传输级逻辑仿真的FPGA开关电流建模及功率侧信道攻击预测
2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900948
Masaki Himuro, K. Iokibe, Y. Toyota
{"title":"FPGA Switching Current Modeling Based on Register Transfer Level Logic Simulation for Power Side-channel Attack Prediction","authors":"Masaki Himuro, K. Iokibe, Y. Toyota","doi":"10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9900948","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the prediction of side-channel leak-age on the power delivery network (PDN) outside a cryptographic IC. To predict the leakage, it is necessary to estimate the switching current caused by the switching activity. So far, high temporal resolution estimation based on gate-level logic simulation has been proposed, but due to the decoupling property of the PDN, the switching current leaking out of the IC chip attenuates signif-icantly. Therefore, this paper calculates the mean of the switching currents over the clock period based on register transfer level (RTL) logic simulation, and then approximates it into a triangle waveform. This approach enables us to simulate the switching current faster than with gate-level simulation. In addition, the simulation time is further shortened by calculating the switching current only to the targeted round of a cryptographic algorithm (AES). Switching currents of the previous rounds were given as statistical models with the same sample mean and variance as the targeted round. As a result of simulating the switching current of an FPGA with the proposed method, we were able to obtain the low-order harmonic components of the current in almost the same magnitude as the gate-level simulation. We also simulated correlation power analysis (CPA) results for the printed circuit board on which the FPGA with the AES circuit was mounted, and found that the proposed method could predict the dynamic power supply voltage observed on the board and CPA results with sufficient accuracy.","PeriodicalId":268262,"journal":{"name":"2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125632043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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