PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic)最新文献

The Impacts of Critical Metal Shortage on China's Electric Vehicle Industry Development and Countermeasure Policies 临界金属短缺对中国电动汽车产业发展的影响及对策

PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic) Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3931677

Boyu Liu, Qi Zhang, Jiang Liu, Yawei Hao, Yanyan Tang, Yaoming Li

{"title":"The Impacts of Critical Metal Shortage on China's Electric Vehicle Industry Development and Countermeasure Policies","authors":"Boyu Liu, Qi Zhang, Jiang Liu, Yawei Hao, Yanyan Tang, Yaoming Li","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3931677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3931677","url":null,"abstract":"Electric vehicle has been taken as the key technology in road transportation sector to achieve carbon neutrality. However, considering China’s critical metal resource endowment, the impacts of potential metal supply shortage on the EV industry development goal need to be considered. Therefore, in the present study, a dynamic stock-flow model is proposed to calculate the impacts of potential critical metal shortages (including Nickel, Cobalt, and Lithium) and the countermeasures’ roles. The obtained results show that: i) The current resource endowment in China cannot meet the metal demand for electric vehicle industry development target. From 2020 to 2050, metal shortage may cut the accumulative electric vehicle production potential by 63.3 million units, leading to 23.8 Bt extra greenhouse gas emissions; ii) In terms of specific metal types, Lithium and Nickel shortage will happen in 2032 and 2037; iii) There are 87-200.1 Kt, 17.4 - 40 Kt, and 32.8 - 72.8 Kt Nickel, Cobalt, and Lithium resource respectively can be obtained from battery recycling system under different scenarios. The findings of this study are significant for policy makers to further understand the nexus between emission abatement and mineral conservation in the electric vehicle industry development and propose relevant polices.","PeriodicalId":266711,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126072225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Strategic Capacity Choice in Renewable Energy Technologies Under Uncertainty 不确定性下可再生能源技术的战略容量选择

PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-09-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3916999

M. Ondra, Thomas Dangl

{"title":"Strategic Capacity Choice in Renewable Energy Technologies Under Uncertainty","authors":"M. Ondra, Thomas Dangl","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3916999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3916999","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we discuss optimal renewable energy investment (in wind and solar technology) under uncertainty in a real options approach framework. We consider the combined impact of uncertain production volumes associated with renewable energy power output, policy uncertainty via uncertain remuneration of surplus power and stochastic technological learning, which -- in expectation -- decreases future costs of solar technology. An energy manager who determines the optimal dynamic investment strategy aims at minimizing expected power procurement costs, which consist of investment costs in renewable energy technologies, expected shortfall costs and expected benefits from selling surplus power to the grid. This results in nonlinear costs of power procurement and introduces -- similar to classical portfolio theory -- a diversification effect between wind and solar technology. Concerning the optimal timing of the investment, we show that a staged investment strategy can reduce expected power procurement costs compared to a lumpy investment strategy. Therefore, if technological innovations in solar technology are expected, an early investment in wind technology and keeping the option to expand the energy park can be the optimal strategic renewable portfolio choice.","PeriodicalId":266711,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131465959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An Energy System Model to Study the Impact of Combining Renewable Electricity and Gas Policies 研究可再生电力与天然气政策结合影响的能源系统模型

PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3935723

Martin Roach, L. Meeus

引用次数: 0

Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Asia Pacific 亚太地区可再生能源消费与经济增长

PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-06-27 DOI: 10.31014/aior.1992.04.02.362

Pisi Bethania Titalessy

引用次数: 2

Fuentes De Energía Renovable, Recursos Energéticos Distribuidos Y Almacenamiento En Colombia: Una Revisión De La Normatividad (Renewable Energy Sources, Distributed Energy Resources And Energy Storage In Colombia: A Review Of Regulations) 哥伦比亚可再生能源、分布式能源和储能:法规综述(哥伦比亚可再生能源、分布式能源和储能:法规综述)

PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3768871

Alejandro Gutiérrez, J. García

{"title":"Fuentes De Energía Renovable, Recursos Energéticos Distribuidos Y Almacenamiento En Colombia: Una Revisión De La Normatividad (Renewable Energy Sources, Distributed Energy Resources And Energy Storage In Colombia: A Review Of Regulations)","authors":"Alejandro Gutiérrez, J. García","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3768871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3768871","url":null,"abstract":"Spanish Abstract: Este paper presenta la reglamentación relacionada con Fuentes de Energía noConvencionales, Recursos Energéticos Distribuidos y almacenamiento de energía eléctrica en Colombia. La Ley 1715 de 2014 es la gran impulsora del desarrollo de las tendencias que hoy observamos en materia de energía renovable y eficiencia energética. Esta Ley, al levantar la restricción de venta de energía a los autoproductores y establecer en una misma norma los lineamientos para la promoción de la energía limpia, la participación de los consumidores en el mercado e instrumentar mecanismos que permitirán desarrollar la eficiencia energética, constituye la base sobre la cual se está construyendo una política de energía eléctrica acorde con los desafíos de descarbonización y las nuevas tendencias de participación de los consumidores. English Abstract: This paper presents the regulations on non-conventional energy resources, distributed energy resources and electricity energy storage in Colombia. Law 1715 of 2014 is the great driving force behind the development of the trends we observe today in renewable energy and energy efficiency. This law, by lifting the restriction on the sale of energy to self-producers and establishing in a single regulation the guidelines for the promotion of clean energy, the participation of consumers in the market and the implementation of mechanisms that will make it possible to develop energy efficiency, constitutes the basis on which an electrical energy policy is being built in accordance with the challenges of decarbonization and the new trends in consumer participation in the management.","PeriodicalId":266711,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129229433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experiment Study on Pyrolysis and Kinetic Characteristics of Micron Wood Chips 微米级木屑热解及动力学特性实验研究

PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3751280

Zhaohui Shu, J. Qian, Zhou Lunyi, Mengqi Zhu

{"title":"Experiment Study on Pyrolysis and Kinetic Characteristics of Micron Wood Chips","authors":"Zhaohui Shu, J. Qian, Zhou Lunyi, Mengqi Zhu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3751280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3751280","url":null,"abstract":"This paper mainly studies the pyrolysis of micron-sized wood chips, and analyzes the effects of different conditions on the pyrolysis result. The results show that the pyrolysis process of wood chips is mainly divided into three stages: drying stage ( 388.7°C). For micron-sized materials, the change of particle size has little effect on the pyrolysis rate and activation energy. The humidity of the pyrolysis materials has no obvious rule for the effect on the pyrolysis result, but the accuracy of measurement can be improved by reducing the water content of pyrolysis materials, and pyrolysis materials with higher humidity have lower activation energy. The higher heating rate reduces the weight loss rate, but the overall pyrolysis rate will increase. The pyrolysis with a heating rate of 45K/min can reach a peak pyrolysis rate of 25.41%/min at 372°C. The activation energy shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The higher the final pyrolysis temperature is, the higher the peak value of pyrolysis rate will be. In this experiment, the maximum pyrolysis rate corresponding to the final pyrolysis temperature of 800°C is 22.79%/min. The increase of the final pyrolysis temperature improves the integrity of the pyrolysis process, and it is also conducive to the pyrolysis reaction because of the reduction of activation energy. The influence of different pyrolysis atmosphere on the overall trend of pyrolysis mainly occurs after rapid degradation.","PeriodicalId":266711,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123147884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency, and CO2 emissions in Developing Countries: Evidence from the Pesaran's Common Correlated Effects Model 发展中国家的可再生能源、能源效率和二氧化碳排放:来自Pesaran共同相关效应模型的证据

PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3720674

N. Schneider

{"title":"Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency, and CO2 emissions in Developing Countries: Evidence from the Pesaran's Common Correlated Effects Model","authors":"N. Schneider","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3720674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3720674","url":null,"abstract":"While global warming has emerged as a major concern to be addressed, energy efficiency and renewable energy have been identified as two key solutions to slow it down. This study investigates the contribution of these two factors on CO2 emissions using economic growth, industrial share and population as additional variables. Extending Ozbugday and Erbas (2015)’s contribution, I focus on 27 developing and highly polluting countries over the period 1971-2017. I apply the Mean Group (MG) estimator from Pesaran and Smith (1995) and the Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CMG) estimator from Pesaran (2006) allowing for cross-sectional dependence. Empirical findings displayed at the sample and country levels suggest that, improving energy efficiency as well as shifting from non-renewable to renewable sources of energy, reduce sharply CO2 emissions in the long-run. However, when applied on a sample of 21 advanced economies, these models provide estimates with much smaller magnitudes and significance. Overall, my results bring an in-depth discussion on the potential role of developing countries in achieving environmental targets, as well as on the key factors to reach them.","PeriodicalId":266711,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic)","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134216956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Arc Fault Analysis, Monitoring with Internet of Things (IoT) and Protection Scheme of a Solar PV Model 某太阳能光伏模型电弧故障分析、物联网监测及保护方案

PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-12-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3511457

Sanghita Baidya, Champa Nandi

{"title":"Arc Fault Analysis, Monitoring with Internet of Things (IoT) and Protection Scheme of a Solar PV Model","authors":"Sanghita Baidya, Champa Nandi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3511457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3511457","url":null,"abstract":"A solar PV installation has different fault characteristics compared to the traditional energy generating installations. These fault characteristics are not suitable for existing protection systems of conventional power generating stations. The nature of faults appearing in a PV system is varying with different conditions. Thus proper detection of fault is necessary to provide exact protection. To know the nature of different of fault condition analysis of fault is essential. Thus this paper is worked on the various fault analysis of a PV system. Arc fault is very dangerous in case of DC system as it causes severe fire on the whole system. Series arc fault is not easy to detect that may cause damage on the solar PV arrays as well as the load side. An arc model is designed in this paper for analysing the nature of voltage and current during series arc fault in a PV system. A brief demonstration of fault detection using IoT technology is also accumulated here. IoT have the capability of remote monitoring and secure transfer of data in a connected system. Detection of fault though IoT provides accurate identification of fault type. To protect the solar PV system from series arc fault condition a logical protection scheme is designed in this paper. This protection is implemented in the solar PV model with series arc fault condition.","PeriodicalId":266711,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133316918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Risk Markup of Intermittent Renewable Supply in German Electricity Forward Markets 德国电力期货市场间歇可再生能源供应的风险加价

PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.21314/jem.2019.196

Marius Paschen

{"title":"The Risk Markup of Intermittent Renewable Supply in German Electricity Forward Markets","authors":"Marius Paschen","doi":"10.21314/jem.2019.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21314/jem.2019.196","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable energy sources such as wind or solar power currently make up a large share of the total German electricity supply as a result of the German energy transition. This paper presents an empirical analysis of how power shocks resulting from intermittent renewables affect the forecast error of the forward premium in German electricity markets. We extend the existing literature by investigating determinants of forward premiums, focusing on both wind and solar power. We find positive monthly wind shock effects on forecast errors, ie, a specific risk markup on forward prices. These findings underline the need to introduce wind power futures at the European Energy Exchange (EEX) in order to reduce the risk markup for participants in forward markets. No daily wind shock or solar shock effects are found. One explanation for this could be the almost perfect approximations of the expected spot price. This is in line with the EEX’s strategy, which does not create wind power futures for contracts with maturities of days. The wind shock effect on monthly peak-load premium is larger than that on base-load premiums. This is likely due to higher differences in marginal costs on the right-hand side of the merit order curve.","PeriodicalId":266711,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121249008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Attribute-Based Regulation on Technology Adoption – The Case of Feed-In Tariffs for Solar Photovoltaic 基于属性的监管对技术采用的影响——以太阳能光伏发电上网电价为例

PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3309092

Robert Germeshausen

{"title":"Effects of Attribute-Based Regulation on Technology Adoption – The Case of Feed-In Tariffs for Solar Photovoltaic","authors":"Robert Germeshausen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3309092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3309092","url":null,"abstract":"Feed-in tariffs are a widely used policy instrument to support deployment of renewable energy technologies. The aim of this paper is to estimate the causal effect of a cut in feed-in tariffs on solar photovoltaic (PV) installations. I isolate this effect by a differences-in-differences approach using data on all grid-connected PV systems within Germany from 2009 until 2013 on a county level. A policy change of administrative size classes in 2012 provides exogenous variation in feed-in tariffs. I find that a cut in feed-in tariffs of five percent leads to a decrease in newly installed capacity of around 46 kilowatt (kW) in a county per month. This is equivalent to approximately three percent of the average annual solar PV deployment on a national level from 2009 to 2011. The re-evaluation of size classes implies de facto the introduction of attribute-based regulation for small installations. The design of differentiated rates incentivizes smaller individual capacity choices at the border of size classes. This leads to excess bunching at the ceiling of the smaller size class. Neglecting this leads to overestimating treatment effects by around double the size. This potential bias underlines the impact of attribute-based regulation on technology adoption for solar PV.","PeriodicalId":266711,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Renewable Resources & Energy (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131020362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8