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Greek, Hellenistic and Roman-Byzantine Water Management Technology: Overview from Jordan 希腊，希腊化和罗马-拜占庭水管理技术:从约旦概述
Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-03-25 DOI: 10.33552/oajaa.2019.01.000510
Mansour A Shqiarat
{"title":"Greek, Hellenistic and Roman-Byzantine Water Management Technology: Overview from Jordan","authors":"Mansour A Shqiarat","doi":"10.33552/oajaa.2019.01.000510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/oajaa.2019.01.000510","url":null,"abstract":"The Greeks were the first to use the basic water supply elements collectively to serve the needs of the entire urban community, including obvious display and aesthetic uses. They were also the first to divide water into the three categories of potable, sub-potable and non-potable on the basis of source and use [1]. The Greeks preferred to obtain potable water, that is., drinking and cooking water, from a flowing source such as a spring or fountain. This accounted for less than six percent of their total water supply [1]. Cisterns primarily supplied water for the sub-potable category. It is interesting that the Greeks also generally reused their water [1], what is today referred to as grey water. Non-potable wastewater, runoff, was used for irrigation, baths and sacrificial basins [1].","PeriodicalId":263824,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129304225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Pre-Hispanic Distillation? A Biomolecular Archaeological Investigation 西班牙-蒸馏?生物分子考古调查
Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-03-11 DOI: 10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000509
Patrick E Mc Govern
{"title":"Pre-Hispanic Distillation? A Biomolecular Archaeological Investigation","authors":"Patrick E Mc Govern","doi":"10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000509","url":null,"abstract":"Joseph Needham (1980:109-110, Figure 1485b) first proposed that native Americans in the west-central highlands of Mexico as early as 1500 B.C. were not only fermenting Agave spp. to make beverages but were distilling them into “spirits.” Needham based his case on pottery jars, which were peculiarly shaped with lower and upper chambers (e.g., Figure 1A), that had been excavated from burials in Colima and its vicinity [1]. He asserted that “...if [these jars were] surmounted by a cooling bowl and provided with a little catch-cup inside, alcohol could certainly have been distilled in them.”","PeriodicalId":263824,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128606449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Football World Cup is not About Nations Competing but About People Getting Together 足球世界杯不是国家间的竞争，而是人们的相聚
Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-02-25 DOI: 10.33552/oajaa.2019.01.000508
C. Minea
{"title":"The Football World Cup is not About Nations Competing but About People Getting Together","authors":"C. Minea","doi":"10.33552/oajaa.2019.01.000508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/oajaa.2019.01.000508","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":263824,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122938867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human Processing of Rodents in Patagonia: The Relevance of Historical and Ethnographical Data for Archaeological Interpretations 人类对巴塔哥尼亚啮齿动物的加工:历史和人种学数据与考古解释的相关性
Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-02-05 DOI: 10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000507
Analía Andrade
{"title":"Human Processing of Rodents in Patagonia: The Relevance of Historical and Ethnographical Data for Archaeological Interpretations","authors":"Analía Andrade","doi":"10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000507","url":null,"abstract":"(13, Loncomán Cave CLO, Rio Negro province). The overrepresentation of skull bones and distal elements of the limbs, the high degree of fragmentation in the bone sample, and the defined pattern of thermal alteration, mostly affecting distal segments of tibias, incisors, premaxillaes and mandibles of caviomorpha species, allowed to include them into the list of species exploited by hunter-gatherers from the northern Patagonian steppes. For northeastern arid Patagonia, the consumption of the cricetid rodent Holochilus brasiliensis and Caviidae species was proposed based upon the presence of cut Abstract The consumption of small mammals was a widespread practice between indigenous societies worldwide. Modern taphonomic studies carried out upon bone assemblages from archaeological sites in northern Patagonia (Argentina) demonstrate that Caviomorph rodents were also included in the diet of Patagonian populations, both from the steppe and the forests, at least since the Late Holocene. The revision of historical and ethnographical documents written by priests, naturalists and ethnographers during c. XVI-XX allow to corroborate that rodents were intensively exploited in Patagonia, continental and insular. Bones, meat and skin of the animals were employed for diverse purposes, and the gathering activity was guided by women and children.","PeriodicalId":263824,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116596260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pre-Natal and Post-Natal Birth Among Bulu from South Cameroon: An Ethno-Anthropological Reading of the Birth in Negro-Culture 南喀麦隆布卢人的产前和产后出生:黑人文化中出生的民族人类学解读
Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000506
Paul Ulrich Otye Elom
{"title":"Pre-Natal and Post-Natal Birth Among Bulu from South Cameroon: An Ethno-Anthropological Reading of the Birth in Negro-Culture","authors":"Paul Ulrich Otye Elom","doi":"10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000506","url":null,"abstract":"Whatever the cultural universe, maternity is a delicate period of life when the woman and even the man are subjected to the constraints required by the various specialists of the health and the social entourage. This shows that beyond the physiological, birth also involves the cultural body. In the Bulu of South Cameroon, prenatal and postnatal women are asked to follow a certain number of practices inculcated by the cultural ethos to ensure that the child will come into the world without any problem and that his evolution after birth will be harmonious until the time of weaning , the key moment when the eye on him is less increased and marks in a way his entry into the normal social world, because making him an individual whose development is not more very worrying. Pre-natal and neo-natal shows nt and the birth ensures the survival of the social continuum or simply the perpetuation of cultural life. The debate we are embarking on in this article challenges the cultural elements of the society under study, which show that birth is a social phenomenon that can bring a holistic understanding of the community. With research techniques such as direct observation, in-depth interviews and a method of analysis based on Harold Garfinkel’s ethno-methodological processes and Mbonji Edjenguèlè’s ethno-perspective [1], processes related to ethno-anthropology, our paper will give a talk on the feeding of the pregnant woman, woof breastfeeding and newborn. A presentation on dietary and sexual prohibitions whose transgression can lead to the death of the child and sometimes of the mother. And finally, a presentation on the different social and medical uses to be respected in order to avoid a disharmony of the child’s development. But before all that, let us establish a contextualization of certain concepts.","PeriodicalId":263824,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121537699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
An Approach for In-Situ Evaluation of the Efficiency of Coatings Applied to Metal Cultural Objects Using Non- Destructive Electrochemical Measurements 一种基于无损电化学测量的金属文物涂层效能原位评价方法
Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000505
D. Mills, K. Schaefer
{"title":"An Approach for In-Situ Evaluation of the Efficiency of Coatings Applied to Metal Cultural Objects Using Non- Destructive Electrochemical Measurements","authors":"D. Mills, K. Schaefer","doi":"10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/OAJAA.2019.01.000505","url":null,"abstract":"Metal archaeological objects excavated from the sea need application of a removable, invisible coating to protect them from further corrosion during display in the museum and/or storage. Typically, these coatings are applied by brush and sometimes by spray. These coatings are often based on wax e.g. paraffin wax although more specific acrylic types (the Paraloid series) are also used. A protection provided by the coating is challenged by two aspects. First, normally applicators are not aware as to how thick the coatings are after application to real objects. Secondly, users have no way of discovering the optimum number of coats; or of monitoring the performance of the coating in service. Therefore, a numerical assessment method is required. This work looks at developing such a method.","PeriodicalId":263824,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131670413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Anthropological Dimension on Ethnomodelling Research Based on Ethnomathematics and Modelling 基于民族数学与建模的民族建模研究的人类学维度
Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology Pub Date : 2018-11-14 DOI: 10.33552/oajaa.2018.01.000503
M. Rosa
{"title":"The Anthropological Dimension on Ethnomodelling Research Based on Ethnomathematics and Modelling","authors":"M. Rosa","doi":"10.33552/oajaa.2018.01.000503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/oajaa.2018.01.000503","url":null,"abstract":"When researchers investigate the knowledge and traditions possessed by members of diverse cultural groups, they may be able to find distinctive mathematical ideas and/or characteristics that can be labelled ethnomathematics. As well, an outsider’s understanding of cultural traits is in danger of misinterpretation or bias that may over emphasize inessential features and create misinterpretations of this mathematical knowledge. The challenge arising from this approach is related to how we can find and understand culturally bound mathematical ideas without letting the culture and academic background of the researcher or investigator interfere with the culture of the members of the cultural group under study, and this happens when members of distinct cultural groups share their own interpretation of their culture (emic) opposed to an outsider’s interpretation (etic).","PeriodicalId":263824,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125172775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Architecture as Symbol and Measure of the Sky in the Ancient and Middle Ages 建筑作为古代和中世纪天空的象征和测量
Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology Pub Date : 2018-10-12 DOI: 10.33552/oajaa.2018.01.000501
M. Piscitelli
{"title":"Architecture as Symbol and Measure of the Sky in the Ancient and Middle Ages","authors":"M. Piscitelli","doi":"10.33552/oajaa.2018.01.000501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/oajaa.2018.01.000501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":263824,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131439514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Pearls of the Molard of Lavours’ Shelters 香精之家的珍珠
Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.33552/OAJAA.2018.01.000502
P. Hameau
{"title":"The Pearls of the Molard of Lavours’ Shelters","authors":"P. Hameau","doi":"10.33552/OAJAA.2018.01.000502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/OAJAA.2018.01.000502","url":null,"abstract":"Robert Vilain and Jean-Michel Treffort (2010) suggest to attribute the engravings of the Molard of Lavours’ shelter (Ain, France) to the transition of the Bronze and Iron Ages. They compare these engravings with those of Valcamonica (Lombardy, Italy) and certain sites of Savoy and Piedmont. If the dating was proved true, we could thus have there an off-centered and unpublished marker-pole of the prehistoric iconography, because far from the big centers of pre and protohistoric alpine area of engravings. Such a chronological proposal in this place can only draw the attention and arouses remarks. Is this hypothesis educated by convincing elements of comparison and reflection or can we imagine other chrono-cultural attributions and other hermeneutics for these figures? We propose here other conclusions.","PeriodicalId":263824,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Archaeology & Anthropology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114758184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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