T-Comm最新文献

{"title":"STRUCTURAL DIAGRAM OF THE MODULE FOR DETERMINING THE LOCATION OF SMALL SPACE VEHICLES","authors":"E. Titenko, A. Sizov, A. Shevtsov, Ekaterina N. Schitova, E. V. Skripkina","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-4-28-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-4-28-34","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Known models, algorithms and technical solutions for determining the coordinates of aircraft are partially suitable for determining the location of small spacecraft, since the latter do not have their own means of determining and transmitting coordinates. This limitation does not allow continuous control of a small spacecraft and reduces its functionality. It is proposed to use the actively developing system of automatic dependent surveillance-broadcasting, installed on aircraft and allowing transmission of their coordinates, including to small spacecraft. Such aircraft are considered to be a kind of mobile reference objects in the airspace of the Earth. The study poses and solves a modified triangulation problem – determining the coordinates of a small spacecraft by the coordinates of reference moving objects (aircraft). Purpose. Development of a block diagram of a module that calculates the coordinates of a mobile spacecraft using a mathematical model for processing signals received from reference aircraft transmitting their own coordinates. Methods. Within the framework of the article, the main physical (Doppler effect) and geometric relationships of message transmission between receivers and transmitters and hardware and software solutions are considered, designed to obtain the processing of coordinates of message transmitters on board a small spacecraft. The results obtained make it possible to determine the location of the small spacecraft. The general block diagram of the coordinate determination module has a parallel organization and can be used in high-performance computing systems. On the basis of a mathematical model, an algorithm for determining the area of finding the apparatus and a block diagram of the coordinate processing module are obtained, characterized by the presence of a specialized parallel search unit. Modeling the algorithm on the reference data has shown the required accuracy in determining the area of the vehicle as a result of solving the modified problem. The obtained values of the variance of the computational domain indicate the efficiency of this approach and justify the hardware solution of the problem of determining the coordinates of a small spacecraft. Conclusion. The block diagram of the module for determining the position of the small spacecraft based on the ADS-B signals is the most compact and energetically less expensive solution than the GPS, which allows calculating the coordinates of the small spacecraft using a receiver, the consumption of the battery is only for receiving and processing data. In contrast to the presented scheme for receiving-processing and calculating the coordinates of the small spacecraft, existing similar solutions in a number of nanosatellites of the CubeSat standard are used, in addition to the processing algorithm and the receiving path, also transmitting equipment, which is many times more energy-intensive than the equipment presented in the form of a structural dia","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"79 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133911671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model for estimating the throughput of 5G NR backhaul networks","authors":"D. A. Pokamestov, Y. Kryukov, E. V. Rogozhnikov, S. Novichkov, Dmitry A. Lakontsev","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-12-11-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-12-11-16","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the fifth generation of mobile communication systems of the 5G NR standard are being introduced all over the world. One of the most important components of these systems are backhaul transport networks connecting the base station and the core of the network. The bandwidth of these networks must be sufficient to carry a large amount of traffic. In this article, we propose a mathematical model for calculating the throughput of backhaul networks, which can be used in the design of 5G infrastructure. We also consider some important aspects of the 5G architecture, which make fundamental differences from communication networks of previous generations. One of these aspects is the use of distributed base stations, in which radio signal processing units, low-level and high-level protocol processing units are separated not only logically, but also physically, and can also be spatially separated. Thus, 5G systems fit into the concept of cloud networks, due to which it is possible to significantly save resources for infrastructure deployment. However, such a solution increases the requirements for transport networks. Possible approaches to the physical implementation of transport networks are considered, including a fundamentally new solution that integrates radio access and backhaul networks. Finally, taking into account these and other factors, a mathematical model created by us for estimating the required bandwidth of backhaul networks is described. The model is based on calculating the maximum network load in a base station cell, taking into account such parameters as the number of spatial beams, the aggregated number of subcarriers, modulation index, coding rate, etc. The distributed structure of the base station is also taken into account in the model. Three scenarios of 5G base station operation are shown and an estimate of the required throughput of backhaul networks is given for them.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134390017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE OUTDOOR PLANAR ANTENNA ARRAY BOOSTER MOBILE INTERNET 3G/4G","authors":"T. A. Gainutdinov, Mtuci, V.G. Kocherzhewskiy","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-5-22-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-5-22-28","url":null,"abstract":"Internet antennas-busters are one of the most common antennas of suburban subscriber stations of broadband radio access systems. In many ways, the speed of information transmission in such systems limits the signal level provided by the base station in the entire operating band of the Internet signal. Since the antenna located on the wall of the house is stationary, it can be made relatively large, which allows you to implement a higher gain and accordingly increase the signal level on the router. At the same time, the market for such antennas is quite saturated with a wide variety of antenna designs, but due to the increase in the number of people working in remote mode and the expected transition to mobile communication systems 5G, it still continues to develop rapidly. The paper proposes a new design of the transceiver mobile Internet antenna-buster, whose main advantage is absolute imperceptibility when installed outdoors. We consider a planar in-phase 8-element antenna array installed on the window glass of a suburban building. As the individual emitters of the lattice are encouraged to use a planar wave dipoles. A feeding scheme for the antenna array on flat two-wire lines has been developed, which provides in-phase and almost equal amplitude excitation of all array elements of the array. Calculations of antenna radiation patterns in the range of 1700-2700 MHz are given. It is shown that the developed antenna has a gain of 8-9 dB in the range of 1700-2100 MHz and 10-12 dB in the range of 2400-2700 MHz. These values are practically not inferior to similar indicators of known collinear antenna arrays and in the upper part of the work range, they have a gain of 1-2 dB compared to their analogs. A planar array matching scheme has been developed that provides a VSWR of about 2.5 in the range of 1700-2100 MHz and no worse than 2 in the range of 2400-2700 MHz. Variants of constructing planar antenna arrays with broadband emitters that provide similar matching without the use of additional matching devices are presented.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114173991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPREAD SPECTRUM TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND ITS APPLICATION IN POWER LINE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS","authors":"E. Dmitriyev, E. Rogozhnikov, A. Movchan, Semyon M. Mukhamadiev, Y. V. Krukov, Natalia V. Duplishcheva","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2020-14-10-45-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2020-14-10-45-52","url":null,"abstract":"In the presented article, the results of the research of the spreading spectrum technology are given and its use in communication systems based on the data transmission over power lines is considered. One of the currently existing problems of data transmission systems over power lines is the absence of a compromise solution in ensuring the required data transmission rate and communication range. Ready-made solutions existing on the market provide either high data transmission rates over short distances or a communication long-range with rates not exceeding several tens of kilobits per second. The purpose of the article is to research the application of spread spectrum technology in data transmission systems over power lines. In the course of the experiment, it was found that the joint use of OFDM technology and the spread spectrum technology makes it possible to form a solution that provides communication over power lines over a distance of tens of meters with a data transmission rate of at least 5 Mbps. This article compares the TP-Link 500 Mbps modem for broadband high-speed data transmission, and the NWEPLC-1-G3M modem for narrowband low-speed data transmission. The results of modeling a communication system with different lengths and types of spreading sequences for BPSK and QPSK modulations are presented. An assessment of the interference protection was carried out. The results of an experimental research of the spectrum spreading technology on a model of a data transmission system over power lines in terms of range and transmission rate in comparison with existing devices on the market are presented. The results obtained can be used in the design of communication systems over power lines.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114733395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of existing methods to reduce the dimensionality of input data","authors":"S. Erokhin, B. Borisenko, I. D. Martishin, A. Fadeev","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-1-30-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-1-30-37","url":null,"abstract":"The explosive growth of data arrays, both in the number of records and in attributes, has triggered the development of a number of platforms for handling big data (Amazon Web Services, Google, IBM, Infoworks, Oracle, etc.), as well as parallel algorithms for data analysis (classification, clustering, associative rules). This, in turn, has prompted the use of dimensionality reduction techniques. Feature selection, as a data preprocessing strategy, has proven to be effective and efficient in preparing data (especially high-dimensional data) for various data collection and machine learning tasks. Dimensionality reduction is not only useful for speeding up algorithm execution, but can also help in the final classification/clustering accuracy. Too noisy or even erroneous input data often results in less than desirable algorithm performance. Removing uninformative or low-informative columns of data can actually help the algorithm find more general areas and classification rules and generally achieve better performance. This article discusses commonly used data dimensionality reduction methods and their classification. Data transformation consists of two steps: feature generation and feature selection. A dis tinction is made between scalar feature selection and vector methods (wrapper methods, filtering methods, embedded methods and hybrid methods). Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, which are outlined in the article. It describes the application of one of the most effective methods of dimensionality reduction - the method of correspondence analysis for CSE-CIC-IDS2018 dataset. The effectiveness of this method in the tasks of dimensionality reduction of the specified dataset in the detection of computer attacks is checked.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114835582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a probabilistic neural network algorithm to measure the level of education quality","authors":"Al-Dulaimi Omar Hatem Zaidan","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2023-17-3-27-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2023-17-3-27-33","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional method of determining the quality of education is too unambiguous and unreasonable, which is not suitable for a comprehensive assessment of students' abilities. The purpose of the article is to justify the use of a probabilistic neural network algorithm. Research methods. The reliability of the presented results is ensured by the analysis of scientific literature, modeling of a probabilistic neural network, comparative analysis of models and evaluation of the effectiveness of the model. Research results. In this paper, a probabilistic neural network (PNN) algorithm is used to determine the quality of education by considering the important influence between different student achievements. The PNN algorithm comes from the Bayesian decision rule and uses the nonlinear Gauss Parsen window as a probability density function. Since the PNN model has strong nonlinear and anti-interference properties, it is suitable for determining the quality of education by classifying student achievements. In addition, this article also discusses the impact of various evaluation models on the accuracy and effectiveness of classification. In addition, the influence of the spread value on the PNN model is also discussed. Scope of application. Finally, evidence is used to determine the quality of education. Conclusions. Experimental results show that the detection accuracy can reach 95%, and the detection time is only 0.0156 s based on the proposed method. That is, the method is a very practical detection algorithm with high accuracy and efficiency. In addition, it also contains information on how to further improve the quality of teaching. It is proved that the use of the PNN model makes it possible to accurately classify the achievements of students according to the quality criterion.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114854307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regeneration of discrete signals missing samples in the internet of things applications at digital information transmitting via infocommunication channels","authors":"E. V. Prohorova, V. V. Ryzhakov","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-11-10-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-11-10-17","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses a method for recovering missing samples of an analog signal during transmission over communication channels in applications of the Internet of Things. The aim of the work is to obtain a mathematical description of the procedure for restoring the values of the signal samples from the output of the analog sensor on the receiving side, which were not transmitted in order to reduce the load on data transmission channels. The procedure is based on the well-known principles of adaptive signal processing, based on the dynamic determination of the parameters of digital filters based on the assessment of the least-mean-square (LMS) deviation of the signal passing through the filter from a reference signal obtained in one way or another. A feature of the proposed method is the solution of the inverse problem of restoring the samples of the original signal with the known parameters of the filter and the reference signal. In this work, the problem of skipping and restoring samples of a discrete signal is formulated, an expression is obtained for the objective function of the method for restoring missing discrete samples, as well as an expression for iterative restoration by Newton's method of the values of the samples of the original analog signal on the receiving side, which were not transmitted via the data transmission channel. The conditions for the applicability of the method are established, which consist in the a priori known parameters of the reference signal and the digital filter, which are determined in advance from the known characteristics of the original signal. Filtration and transmission of electrocardiogram signals through communication channels, for which an electrocardiogram can be obtained as a reference form, as the norm for healthy patients, is considered as a problem for the solution of which the proposed method is applicable. The practical significance of the proposed method lies in the organization of distributed computing for IoT systems, for which it is critically important to ensure energy savings of an autonomous power source for sensors and reduce the load on data transmission channels.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125065232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SELECTION OF METRIC AND CATEGORICAL ATTRIBUTES OF RARE ANOMALOUS EVENTS IN A COMPUTER SYSTEM USING DATA MINING METHODS","authors":"O. Sheluhin, D. Rakovsky","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-6-40-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-6-40-47","url":null,"abstract":"The process of marking multi-attribute experimental data for subsequent use by means of data mining in problems of detection and classification of rare anomalous events of computer systems (CS) is considered. The labeling process is carried out using three methods: manual preprocessing, statistical analysis and cluster analysis. Among the attributes of the metric type, the authors identified two macrogroups: “integral attributes” and “impulse attributes”. It is shown that the combination of statistical and cluster analysis methods increases the accuracy of detecting anomalous events in the CS, and also allows the selection of attributes according to their information significance. The expediency of manual preprocessing of data before clustering is shown by the example of dividing attributes into macrogroups, analyzing the density distribution using violin plot and removing the trend component using the method difference stationary series. With the help of construction of violin diagrams (Violin plot) for the attribute of the “integral” macrogroup, the distribution of states of the CS is shown. It is shown that the removal of the trend component by the DS-series method, normalization and reduction to absolute values allows more accurate marking of anomalous outliers, but this is not always acceptable. The interpretation of the clustering results performed for each normalized attribute shows that the normal values for all attributes are concentrated around zero values. The result of labeling experimental data is attribute-labeled data, where each attribute at the current time is assigned one of two states: abnormal or normal.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123510495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a discrete-event simulation model of transport infrastructure using optimization tools","authors":"D. Kuzmin, V. Baginova, Dmitry A. Krasnobaev, D.V. Musatov","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2023-17-2-42-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2023-17-2-42-48","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes a discrete-event simulation model of transport and logistics infrastructure on the example of a road intersection at Profsoyuznaya Street, 64 k.2 / Nametkina Street, 6. The model allows the studying of traffic processes at the intersection with a high degree of accuracy, drawing analytical conclusions and making correct management decisions to improve the traffic situation on the basis of these conclusions. The developed simulation model consists of road network elements, agent generation system, process diagram functional blocks, control elements and infographics, etc. A number of simple experiments were performed with the model, including optimization, as a result of which the most optimal duration of the traffic light phases was determined, which ensures the minimum average travel time of vehicles. In addition, the model includes ground crossings that allow the study of the behavior of pedestrian masses when crossing the carriageway. The proposed solutions to the organization of traffic and pedestrian flows can be used to implement simulation models for a wide range of issues of modeling transport and logistics infrastructure, including railway transport, for example, when developing simulation models of transport interchange nodes. Software that was used in the study: the simulation environment AnyLogic 8 and the object-oriented programming language Java. The conducted research and preparation of the publication were carried out as part of the implementation of a grant from Russian Railways for the development of scientific and pedagogical schools in the field of railway transport.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126443396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability parameters transformation using parametric method","authors":"A. Sherstneva, O. Sherstneva","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-6-25-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-6-25-30","url":null,"abstract":"As a whole calculation of reliability indicators and obtaining estimates of the reliability for infocommunication systems and networks is based on various assumptions about the distributions laws of empirical data obtained as a result of an experiment or during operation. As theoretical and practical studies an algorithm for calculating the numerical values of a random variable in a random process using the parametric method is presented. The article is aimed to transform different types of distribution. Calculated formulas are derived. The problem of obtaining a chi-square distribution from four normally distributed random sequences is solved. Software implementation was performed using the mathematical modeling program Matlab. Graphs are proposed to illustrate the transformation of a uniformly distributed random sequence into an exponentially distributed sequence. A comparison between theoretically and practically completed transformations is given.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126453887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}