T-Comm最新文献

{"title":"MAXIMUM POWER OF THE HF ANTENNA TUNER SWITCHED BY PIN DIODES AT LOAD MISMATCH","authors":"O. Varlamov","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2020-14-10-26-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2020-14-10-26-32","url":null,"abstract":"PIN diodes, as inertial nonlinear elements, are widely used in transceiver equipment of various frequency ranges as limiters, attenuators and phase shifters. Also, with their help, it is possible to implement double-sided switching elements used, among other things, in switches and automatic antenna-matching devices of the HF range. Literary sources note that PIN diode switches in the HF range are capable of switching power up to 2 kW. In this case, only the task of switching the sub-octave bandpass filters of the transmitter is meant when operating at a perfectly matched load in a 50 Ohm path. The article discusses the features of the operation of PIN diodes in the HF range and determines the limiting values of the switched power depending on the parameters of the device and the load resistance. Examples of the circuit design of high-speed control circuits are given. The analysis of the maximum power of an automatic antenna-matching device of the HF range, carried out using the example of the most famous samples, with a load mismatch with PIN diodes, showed that in the case of a matched load, they can be used up to power levels practically equal to 2 kW. With a strong load mismatch, which is observed in most practical cases, especially when using communication facilities on mobile objects with electrically short antennas, the maximum power levels are reduced to 170 W when operating at frequencies above 3 MHz and to 100 W when operating at frequencies above 1 MHz.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"235 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132140094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF FOG COMPUTING ON THE INTERNET OF THINGS USING A NON-MARKOV MODEL","authors":"S.G. Yermakov, Khalil Maad Modher, A. Khomonenko, K.A. Bukharova","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-12-46-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-12-46-52","url":null,"abstract":"As new technologies appear and submerge with each other, people get more and more dependent on them, and as more and more different devices connect with each other, the more important it gets to reach accurate decisions in the fastest possible way. With nowadays self-driving cars and other similar technologies it is most important to connect many different sensors and devices together and make them communicate and reach a decision as fast as possible. The article discusses a scenario in which several different sensors and devices on the Internet of things are connected together in a fog computing system for quick decision making. To estimate the efficiency of fog system, The non-Markov model of multichannel system of mass service with \"heating\" and \"cooling\" is proposed. It allows to take into account the peculiarities of the organization of fog calculations and calculates the waiting time before making a decision and after it. Another feature of the model is that it allows in many cases to improve the accuracy of the initial data set compared to the non-Markov model. A simulation is made and the model results are presented graphically and showed how Warm-up and cooling have great influence on the efficiency of fog computing and how the waiting time of each response is multiplied.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134120598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE SYNTHESIS OF EXPLICIT ANALYTICAL FORMULAE FOR THE PROBABILISTIC MODELS OF SIGNALS USING FRACTION-OF-TIME APPROACH","authors":"T. Shevgunov","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-11-21-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-11-21-29","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the development of the theoretical foundations of the fraction-of-time approach which allows one to carry out constructing the probabilistic model of a random process based on its singular realization where a priori information of its ergodic property is absent. The synthesis of the analytical expression for time-varying FOT density was conducted in the form of an explicit function depending on two variables, which was based on the detailed analysis of its implicit initial expression. The resultant form was shown to be the sum consisting of no more than countable number of summands containing one-dimensional Dirac delta functions. The explicit analytical representation led to a significant simplification of the subsequent integration in time, which was conducted for the evaluation of the stationary component of FOT describing the statistical property of the signal being analyzed. In addition, it is shown in the paper that the intermediate result of the conducted derivation, namely, the time-value distribution, plays an important role in constructing nonlinear probabilistic models of signals within the framework of the FOT approach. The Fourier series representation of the time-value distribution was obtained by the example of a monoharmonic signal, where the Fourier series coefficients are derived in the form of explicit functions of the threshold variable. The Fourier series representation with explicit Fourier coefficients was also obtained for the time-varying indicator function. The properties of the stationary components, which are related to zero cyclic frequency, of the time-value distribution and time varying indicator function were shown to be resembling the properties of probability density and cumulative distribution function describing one-dimensional random variable, while the components related to non-zero cyclic frequencies exhibit different properties. The models developed in the current research are aimed at developing new methods of estimating probabilistic characteristics of analyzed signals which in turn leads to the synthesis of new digital signal processing algorithms.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134262164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONSTRUCTION OF EXPERT-STATISTICAL MODELS FROM INCOMPLETE DATA","authors":"S. Noskov","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-6-33-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-6-33-39","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the problem of constructing a linear regression model based on incomplete data containing gaps, using statistical and expert information. The reasons for the gaps in the data can be, in particular, a temporary malfunction (failure) of the measuring equipment when taking various technical characteristics, or negligence in the work of statistical services when fixing the reporting indicators. Very often, gaps arise when processing various kinds of sociological information in the form of questionnaires, when respondents refuse to answer a specific question (but answer others) or give an inadmissible, in particular, evasive answer. The approach proposed in the work involves filling the gaps with intervals, the boundaries of which are formed by experts, guided by both their experience and knowledge about the object of research, and using the well-known methods of point filling in the gaps. After that, the estimation of the parameters of the model, depending on the nature of the initial uncertainty in the data, is reduced to solving problems of linear or partially Boolean linear programming. The case is considered when the solution of the formalizing uncertainty in the initial data of the interval system of linear algebraic equations is not unique. The problem of constructing a linear regression equation for the influence of the volume of export of large-tonnage containers and the freight turnover of the PRC railway transport on the volume of import of large-capacity containers at the Zabaikalsk-Manchuria railway checkpoint is solved.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134608166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MONITORING SYSTEM FOR LTE-A CELLULAR COMMUNICATION NETWORK ACCESSIBILITY INDICATORS","authors":"V. Fadeev, Shaikhrozy V. Zaidullin, Zlata Fadeeva, A. Nadeev","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-3-4-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-3-4-16","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we consider two accessibility indicators, namely E-RAB (E-UTRAN Radio Access Bearer) and E-RRC (Evolved Radio Resource Control) failure rates, of the LTE-A communication network belonging to one of the regional operators in Russian Federation. The aim of this study is to find the proper algorithms for accessibility indicators prediction, and performance estimation of these algorithms. During the study, we provide temporal dynamics of the indicators and possible failure reasons, behind these indicators. Then the percentage of the time series values is shown, which are corresponding to the abnormal situations (incidents). After that, the stationarity of the inspected time series using augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADFuller), and Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) methods is analyzed. Next, the ETS decomposition is performed. In order to predict the future values of the indicators, we utilize SARIMA model, triple Exponential Smoothing (Holt-Winters method), Facebook Prophet, Prony decomposition based model and XGBoost algorithm. Performance estimation is obtained in two ways: by test-sequence- and cross-validation-based Median Absolute Error (MAE). Also, the architecture for the monitoring system, that collects, analyzes and visualizes the required metrics within the infrastructure of the considered operator, is proposed in this paper. Herein, we analyze the possibilities of the open-source solution deployment on each stage of the monitoring process from data mining and preparation up to predictive model learning.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"28 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131791689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFORMATION SUPPORT OF OVERLAND TRANSIT FREIGHT TRAFFIC THROUGH THE TERRITORY OF KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"D. S. Akhmedov, Aalr, D. Yeryomin, D. Zhaxygulova, R. Kaliyeva","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2020-14-8-53-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2020-14-8-53-59","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the topic of transit land freight traffic through the territory of Kazakhstan. The paper considers international railway and road communication routes passing through the territory of Kazakhstan and connecting the countries of the European Union, Russia, Central Asian countries and China, as well as transport projects in which Kazakhstan plays the role of a land bridge between Asia, Europe and the Middle East. Statistical data on the volume of transit cargo transportation through the territory of Kazakhstan for the past 5 years is given. The issue of providing information support for transit freight traffic is considered as one of the elements contributing to the full use of the transit potential of the country. For realization of information support of transit land freight traffic in the work it is offered a hardware and software complex for managing international transport transit corridors, which consists of electronic seals, data centre (DC) and information portal, and functions with application of modern technologies of satellite navigation and communication. This hardware and software complex allows monitoring the movement of transit cargo and guarantees its safety by locking the doors of the cargo compartment of vehicles and containers with electronic seals, which besides the role of a locking and sealing device acts as a device for registration and transfer of data on the state of the monitored object to the DC. The data received in the DC are checked for integrity, analysed, archived and transferred to the information portal, which provides user access to the system for visualization.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124322940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of a heterogeneous packet-switched data network as a queuing system with absolute priority and channel resource redundancy","authors":"S. Saitov","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-11-45-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-11-45-52","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the solution of a timely and relevant scientific and technical problem of modeling the data transmission network of a system for monitoring the state of critical state facilities. The need to develop a new model of such a data transmission network is due to the introduction of means of dynamic multimodal authentication of the legitimacy and deviance of the person of critical objects. Such authentication tools for the data transmission network become new sources of incoming load with special properties. For highquality performance of the functions of monitoring a critical object, the article suggests a constructive approach to the development of a model of a heterogeneous packet-switched data transmission network, to which not only messages of traditional communication services, but also messages in a multimodal representation circulate. The protocol data blocks of multi-channel messages are small in size, but they must be transmitted to the management body of a critical object with high security re-quirements. In this regard, the object of modeling – a data transmission network with packet communication is represented as a queuing system with absolute priority and channel resource reservation. This approach avoids replacing more resource-intensive messages (traditional communication services) with less resource-intensive ones (messages in a multimodal representation) while meeting the quality of service requirements of both types of load. As a result of the simulation, expressions are obtained for calculating the quality of service indicators for incoming requests for messages of traditional communication services and messages in a multimodal representation. The proposed model, together with the existing models of queuing systems, will allow solving computational and research tasks to find rational design strategies for building data transmission networks with packet switching for monitoring critical state facilities.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133702032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of introducing time-frequency supply systems for communication networks","authors":"Anatoly V. Ryzhkov, M. L. Schwartz, V. M. Aladin, A. V. Isupov","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-7-21-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-7-21-28","url":null,"abstract":"Time synchronization systems in communication networks must be linked to the reference time scale (TS) of national standard. In most cases, receivers of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) signals are widely used for these purposes. However, possible violations of these signals reception, as well as cases of their substitution (spoofing) force us to look for alternative options for receiving airwaves via terrestrial communication channels. One of the solutions - use of special equipment for time signals (ARSV) complete distribution with a time server that receives, stores and transmits SH signals to the consumer in any format – NTP, PTP, 1PPS + ToD, etc. The purpose of this article is to present the experience of implementing time-frequency systems using terrestrial communication channels with UTC time scale sources.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124203868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TECHNOLOGICAL MODEL AND SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY OF THE MULTISERVICE COMMUNICATION NETWORK FUNCTIONING","authors":"V. N. Kudelya, Valentine E. Gel, V. V. Vovk","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-6-70-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-6-70-74","url":null,"abstract":"The modern development of multiservice communication networks (MÑN) is characterized by the desire of operators to provide users with an unlimited range of services with guaranteed quality of service (QoS). QoS is determined by the stability of the network’s functioning, that is, its ability to function without errors. The existing routing algorithms in modern networks focus the main load on the most productive sections, while the rest of the network is used quite poorly. This is confirmed by the results of studies [1,2], in which the structure of modern global communication networks is assigned to the class of small-world graphs. Obviously, that the increased connectivity of such networks determines high indicators of its stability, but at the same time, this route redundancy is poorly used by existing routing protocols to provide QoS when transmitting different traffic (triple-play: audio, video, and data) [3, 4]. There is also no work devoted to the analysis of the possibilities of sharing different routes (route parallelism) for the implementation of QoS enhancement mechanisms in the MÑN. This article discusses the technological concept of a network with route parallelism in communication networks built on the basis of the IP protocol family.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124431201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of cognitive radio technologies for bus travel information support","authors":"V. Mikhaylov, R. B. Mazepa","doi":"10.36724/2072-8735-2023-17-4-39-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2023-17-4-39-49","url":null,"abstract":"The current tasks of information support for bus travel are limited to general information about the trip and excursions, for example, in the form of the purpose and duration of the tour as a whole and individual trips to the objects of the tour, the plan and cost of excursions. During the main part of a sufficiently long trip, a qualified guide or accompanying person gives standard information about the history and sights of the points visited or passed on the route. On the way back to the place of permanent or temporary deployment, travelers are usually offered to watch a movie from the standard collection or just relax. The main problem here is the lack of functionality, flexibility and efficiency in the formation of information content, the limited channels for its delivery. One of the solutions to this problem is local radio broadcasting using a variety of information sources and the use of cognitive radio technologies for information delivery. It is understood that the preparation of information content can be performed in real time. The study of the effectiveness of this proposal is the purpose of this work. Methods: The substantiation of the possibility and effectiveness evaluation of the cognitive radio technologies application was carried out by devices prototyping using USRP devices in conjunction with the LabVIEW package. Results: the following tasks are solved: scanning the frequency range to determine the free area sufficient for high-quality reproduction and select desired information content; receiving and writing to a file of a radio signal digitized samples with a given quality; real-time rebroadcasting of found content in a selected section of the frequency range; file multimedia and speech content transmission in the selected section of the frequency range with a given quality using FM radio standard. Conclusions: The rich tuning and indication set of the developed prototypes allows using these also for educational and research purposes, including in distance educational mode.","PeriodicalId":263691,"journal":{"name":"T-Comm","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127957417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}