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The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics最新文献

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How Robots Have Politics 机器人如何拥有政治
The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.16
R. Sparrow
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引用次数: 2
Price Discrimination in the Digital Age 数字时代的价格歧视
The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.24
K. Lippert‐Rasmussen, Lauritz Aastrup Munch
{"title":"Price Discrimination in the Digital Age","authors":"K. Lippert‐Rasmussen, Lauritz Aastrup Munch","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.24","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the morality of online price discrimination. Price discrimination is a widespread type of market behaviour and it occurs, roughly, when a seller systematically charges different prices for the same product when it is offered to different groups of customers. Price discrimination occurs both online and offline, but some find the practice particularly suspicious when deployed in online markets. This asymmetry, we argue, calls for an explanation. In the chapter, we define price discrimination and review a number of explanations of why, and when, price discrimination is morally objectionable. We argue that online price discrimination will often prove more problematic than its offline counterpart, but also that neither practice is necessarily morally wrong.","PeriodicalId":262957,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122232971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Ethics of Sex Robots 性爱机器人的伦理
The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.13
A. Sterri, B. Earp
{"title":"The Ethics of Sex Robots","authors":"A. Sterri, B. Earp","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.13","url":null,"abstract":"What, if anything, is wrong with having sex with a robot? For the sake of this chapter, we will assume that sexbots are ‘mere’ machines that are reliably identifiable as such, despite their human-like appearance and behaviour. Under these stipulations, sexbots themselves can no more be harmed, morally speaking, than your dishwasher. However, there may still be something wrong about the production, distribution, and use of such sexbots. In this chapter, we examine whether sex with robots is intrinsically or instrumentally wrong and critically assess different regulatory responses. They defend a harm reduction approach to sexbot regulation, analogous to the approach that has been considered in other areas, concerning, for example, drugs and sex work.","PeriodicalId":262957,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116085095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Is There Collective Responsibility for Misogyny Perpetrated on Social Media? 社交媒体上的厌女症是否有集体责任?
The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.9
H. Lawford-Smith, J. Megarry
{"title":"Is There Collective Responsibility for Misogyny Perpetrated on Social Media?","authors":"H. Lawford-Smith, J. Megarry","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.9","url":null,"abstract":"Women, particularly those who work in public positions (such as journalists, politicians, celebrities, activists) are subject to disproportionate amounts of abuse on social media platforms such as Twitter. This abuse occurs in a landscape that those platforms designed and that they maintain. Focusing in particular on Twitter, as typical of the kind of platform we are interested in, this chapter argues that it is the platform, not (usually) the individuals who use it, that bears collective responsibility as a corporate agent for misogyny. Social media platforms, however, should not overstep the prevention of misogyny into interference in open political debates.","PeriodicalId":262957,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124753542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Algorithmic Bias and Access to Opportunities 算法偏见和获得机会
The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.21
Lisa Herzog
{"title":"Algorithmic Bias and Access to Opportunities","authors":"Lisa Herzog","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198857815.013.21","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter discusses the problem of algorithmic bias in decision-making processes that determine access to opportunities, such as recidivism scores, college admission decisions, or loan scores. After describing the technical bases of algorithmic bias, it asks how to evaluate them, drawing on Iris Marion Young’s perspective of structural (in)justice. The focus is in particular on the risk of so-called ‘Matthew effects’, in which privileged individuals gain more advantages, while those who are already disadvantaged suffer further. Some proposed solutions are discussed, with an emphasis on the need to take a broad, interdisciplinary perspective rather than a purely technical perspective. The chapter also replies to the objection that private firms cannot be held responsible for addressing structural injustices and concludes by emphasizing the need for political and social action.","PeriodicalId":262957,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics","volume":"47 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131878867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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