{"title":"The effects of climate change on tourism","authors":"Soheila khoshnevis Yazdi, B. Shakouri","doi":"10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596156","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is one of the major environmental issues facing the world today. The ongoing global warming has had and will continue to have serious impact on natural environment. The impact of climate change on the natural environment is manifested in changes in geography, landscape and ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":262661,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications","volume":"509 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117038369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydrodynamics and mass transfer coefficient in a split-cylindrical airlift bioreactor containing oil-in-water micro-emulsions","authors":"M. Moraveji, B. Sajjadi, R. Davarnejad","doi":"10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596124","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this work was to investigate the impacts of operating conditions and liquid properties on the hydrodynamic and mass transfer coefficient in a split-cylindrical airlift bioreactor with oil-in-water micro-emulsions. Four different oil-in-water micro-emulsion systems containing kerosene, heavy naphtha, light naphtha and diesel as oil based was used with concentration ranging of 3%, 5% and 7% (v/v). The experimental results show that with an increase in the superficial gas velocity, gas holdup, Liquid circulation velocity and oxygen transfer coefficient increased and mixing time decreased. With increasing carbon atom numbers, resulted in a increase in the value of gas hold-up, mixing time and volumetric mass transfer coefficient and a decrease in the value of liquid circulation velocity which was attributed to a decrease of surface tension, density and viscosity.","PeriodicalId":262661,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126121190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nitrogen removal from shrimp farm wastewater by aerobic and anoxic recirculation systems","authors":"P. Chanakul, S. Leungprasert","doi":"10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596083","url":null,"abstract":"Although wastewater from shrimp culture production contains high amount of ammonia nitrogen, normally toxic to shrimps, it is required to be reused because of other available substances in this wastewater. With this reason, the ammonia nitrogen should be removed before reusing this wastewater until its amount less than the toxic level. The objective of this research was to find the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen by aerobic and anoxic recirculation systems. The experiments were conducted at shrimp culture production farm located at Chachoengsao Province in Thailand. The shrimp production wastewater contained the ammonia nitrogen of 13.14+3.54 mg/L was passed through the designed reactors with sizing of 6 L. Air requirement for nitrification was added to the reactor at 2.5 l/min for 10 days to complete the nitrification process. In this experiment, it was found that ammonia nitrogen was converted to nitrate about 98%. Compare to the control group, ammonia nitrogen was converted to nitrate nitrogen with 26%. The results also showed that nitrate was converted to nitrogen gas and total nitrogen was removed with 5% and 84% for control and treatment group, respectively. For the long period operation, nitrate was consistently remained in the effluent with the concentration below 0.38 mg-N/l. Also, the rate nitrogen gas produced was approximately 68 ml/m3/day. The C/N ratio for the anoxic period was approximately 0.1 g of TOC/g of nitrate nitrogen. For the aerobic system, the percent survival of shrimp under control and treatment group experiments was 34% and 54%, respectively while for the recirculation system, the percent survival was decreased to 26% and 49% for control and treatment group, respectively. This finding showed that the recirculation of water after the aerobic and anoxic systems slightly affected the shrimp survival but the shrimp were significantly affected for control group (p<0.05).","PeriodicalId":262661,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122551803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noushin Ahanrobay, Pedram Pourshakibaii, M. Mostofi
{"title":"A comparative analysis of the legal status of noise pollution in Iran and other countries","authors":"Noushin Ahanrobay, Pedram Pourshakibaii, M. Mostofi","doi":"10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596125","url":null,"abstract":"Noise Pollution is one of the current problems in cities including Tehran, which has harmful effects on people's physical and mental health in the society. Some countries have adopted legal measures to control and eliminate the noise pollution. Since, there is no conducted research relating to the legal status of noise pollution in Iran, a comparative analysis of the laws and regulations of Iran and a few selected countries can be helpful for finding the shortcomings of the pollution control in Iran and Tehran. This paper is aimed at identifying the above mentioned defects through studying the legal status of noise pollution in Iran as compared to a few other countries.","PeriodicalId":262661,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125572553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of constructed wetlands for the treatment of high strength organic effluents in northeastern Thailand","authors":"N. Chuersuwan, P. Suwanvaree, S. Chuersuwan","doi":"10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596139","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of present study was to evaluate the removal efficiency of high strength organic wastewater using experiment scale of constructed wetlands by comparing the free water surface flow (FWS) and subsurface flow (SF) systems. The emergent plant employed was Cyperus sp. The average removal efficiencies for both systems were 57.8–61.4%, 79.9–86.8%, 88.6–92.0%, 46.9–58.1%, and 79.9–91.2% for BOD<inf>5</inf>, COD, TKN, NO<sup>−</sup><inf>3</inf>-N and TP, respectively. High removal efficiencies for both wetland systems were TKN and TP whereas NO<inf>3</inf>-N removals were lower than other parameters. Mean removal efficiencies indicated that the SF systems were higher than the FWS constructed wetlands. Based on the t-test analysis, the average removal efficiencies of COD, TKN and TP for SF were significantly higher than FWS. In addition, relationships between BOD<inf>5</inf> removals and initial BOD<inf>5</inf> concentrations indicated a fairly significant linear relationship for the SF systems (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.59) and the FWS (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.54). Furthermore, COD removal were significantly influent by inflow COD concentrations as indicated by a strong significant linear relationship for SF (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.89) and FWS systems (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.90).","PeriodicalId":262661,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115226319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aly, A. Said, A.A. Abd El-Hafez, M. Goda, V. Helmey
{"title":"Acid pretreated bagasse as a suitable biosorbent for direct red 81 removal","authors":"A. Aly, A. Said, A.A. Abd El-Hafez, M. Goda, V. Helmey","doi":"10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596115","url":null,"abstract":"In order to enhance the sorption capacity of bagasse on direct red 81, it was treated with four acids, namely palmitic, stearic, oleic and propionic acids. The effects of various experimental variables pH, sorbent dose, initial dye concentration and contact time were investigated. The kinetics of dye adsorption fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and it obeys the Langmiur equation.","PeriodicalId":262661,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129497807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Radioactive dispersion model for Tehran research reactor and radioisotope laboratory stacks","authors":"N. Sadeghi, H. Sajadi, Ramin Salartash","doi":"10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596133","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the amount of released radionuclide from Tehran's research reactor and radioisotope laboratory stacks has been studied. The aim of this work is to determine the amount and type of radioactive material and to estimate their risk once they released to the environment. To perform the above two task, a computer modeling using cap-88 code and laboratory analysis of air samples around the site were used. Computer code input data is provided by the SAR and Reactor Annual Reports. Air samples were collected using the filter and sampling pumps and analyzed by gamma spectroscopy counter. Results of computer program showed that risk of cancer death (lifetime risk) is very low. Results of analysis of available radionuclide in the air samples shown very low concentration and confirm the code results.","PeriodicalId":262661,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122763404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Essentiality of model design for using of wastewater in agriculture for major cities","authors":"P. Najafi","doi":"10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596146","url":null,"abstract":"Because of shortage of fresh water resources and poor quality soils for agriculture, the reuse of marginal quality water is necessary. These sources include domestic, municipal and industrial wastewater, leachate from urban and industrial waste, surface runoff from precipitation in urban and industrial areas, and drain water from parks and agricultural land. Because of urban expansion, population density and expansion of agricultural and industrial area in developing countries, the volume of marginal quality water is increasing. Uncontrolled reuses of these resources cause environmental problems. The best way of disposal wastewater and drain water, reuse in agricultural and landscapes when it's doing with consideration to environmental and healthy impact, crops quality and plants sensitivity in long term. At the present time, there are many different standards for wastewater reuse. But these are inflexible for varying natural and artificial environment condition. Therefore designing models with flexibility for various conditions is necessary. In this research, the main input and output factors which can be used for designing a regional model of low quality water reuse in irrigation was presented.","PeriodicalId":262661,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126879730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Release rates of phosphate from coated fertilizer through nano CaCO3-wax mixtures","authors":"W. Fernando, N. Ahmad, A. Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596089","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium phosphate fertilizer pellets coated with mixtures of wax and nano calcium oxide were studied for release rates of phosphate through the coating. The composition of the coating mixture has been of 0%, 20% and 30% nano-CaCO3 by weight in the wax solution. The pellets were exposed to solutions of pH 4, pH 7 and pH 9.2 in a reactor in an experimental set-up. Trends of release rates with pH were investigated. Results show that increasing composition of nano-CaCO3 in wax coating layer and decreasing of pH condition increased the nutrient transfer rate to the surrounding. The combination of different compositions of nano-CaCO3 in wax coating layer showed possibilities to control the nutrient release rate and thus reducing the environmental pollution effect and enhance economic efficiency. Parameters with respect to a model fitting the experimental data were evaluated.","PeriodicalId":262661,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications","volume":"359 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115898588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hazard identification and accident analysis on city gate station in natural gas industry","authors":"M. Nikbakht, Ali Sayyah, N. Zulkifli","doi":"10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEEA.2010.5596080","url":null,"abstract":"In spite of all the efforts in different industries to reduce the number of undesirable accidents, a lot of events always threat industrial societies. These events often cause huge damages to the environment, facilities and even in some cases, fatalities and disabilities for people. Therefore, it is important to predict these probable accidents and plan to prevent them. Hence, this research proposed to analysis hazards in one of the most important components of natural gas distribution network which is city gate station (C.G.S). In this analysis firstly, critical hazards are identified and classified based on HSE standards. Then for decreasing risk of selected hazards, a survey is done on a specific C.G.S according to previous accidents. Finally, some suggestions are offered to improve existing preventive activities.","PeriodicalId":262661,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Applications","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132088617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}