Gayana. Botánica最新文献_第3页

Alstroemeria esteparica (Alstroemeriaceae) una nueva especie para la flora del Cono Sur de Sudamérica Alstroemeria esteparica (Alstroemeriaceae)南美洲南锥体植物群的一新种

Gayana. Botánica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-66432021000100077

Gloria Rojas, Carlos M. Baeza

引用次数: 1

Diversidad de musgos en comunidades vegetales asociadas a una pingüinera en la Isla Decepción, Antártica marítima 南极洲海洋欺骗岛企鹅相关植物群落苔藓的多样性

Gayana. Botánica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-66432021000100056

C. Araneda, J. Fernández, M. Oliva, G. Palfner, Angélica Casanova-Katny

{"title":"Diversidad de musgos en comunidades vegetales asociadas a una pingüinera en la Isla Decepción, Antártica marítima","authors":"C. Araneda, J. Fernández, M. Oliva, G. Palfner, Angélica Casanova-Katny","doi":"10.4067/s0717-66432021000100056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-66432021000100056","url":null,"abstract":"In order to determine the influence of a penguin rookery on the diversity of the vegetation on Deception Island, Maritime Antarctica, the composition of bryophytes along a transect of approximately 2 km between Lake Irizar and the penguin rookery (Pygoscelis antarcticus) of La Descubierta Point was studied. A total of 39 vegetation carpets formed mainly by bryophytes were detected, distributed between three main sectors, next to Lake Irizar, in Vapour Coil and at La Descubierta Point. The bryophytes correspond to 15 moss species and only 2 liverworts, with 11 moss families represented. Two mosses, Sanionia uncinata (31 records) and Polytrichastrum alpinum (9 records), were found to dominate the moss carpets, being also the most frequent species. In addition, a new site on the island was found with presence of the moss Bryum orbiculatifolium, which grows directly associated with the penguin rookery. Our results also show that there are 5 species of mosses common to the three sectors, another 5 species grow only in the penguin area, differentiating this community from the other two sectors. Vascular plants were not detected, indicating that the studied sites are in state of early colonization where their biota is marked by the presence of pioneer mosses associated to the penguin colony, which probably benefit from the nutrient input derived from the deposited guano.","PeriodicalId":262382,"journal":{"name":"Gayana. Botánica","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128524944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Caracterización ecológica de una turbera ombrogénica en Magallanes: hacia una propuesta de bioindicadores de monitoreo ambiental 麦哲伦沼泽的生态特征:朝向环境监测生物指标的建议

Gayana. Botánica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-66432021000100038

Erika A. Monsalve, Rene Muñoz-Arriagada, N. Bahamonde, Osvaldo Vidal

{"title":"Caracterización ecológica de una turbera ombrogénica en Magallanes: hacia una propuesta de bioindicadores de monitoreo ambiental","authors":"Erika A. Monsalve, Rene Muñoz-Arriagada, N. Bahamonde, Osvaldo Vidal","doi":"10.4067/s0717-66432021000100038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-66432021000100038","url":null,"abstract":"Ombrogenic peat bogs are ecologically extreme ecosystems, where the restrictive conditions such as anoxia, high acidity and low availability of nutrients allow a gradual accumulation of the organic substrate known as peat. This substrate is of great commercial interest because it is exploited for horticultural purposes and energy biomass. The exploitation of peat, however, involves the removal of vegetation, which has an important effect on secondary succession and ecosystem resilience. The flora and vegetation of peat bogs in the Brunswick Peninsula (Magallanes), in an area susceptible to mining exploitation, was studied to characterize ecological indicators. Phytosociological surveys were carried out to determine attributes of composition and structure at the community and landscape scale. This information was collated with satellite images and analyzed by univariate procedures (e.g. KW, Pearson) and multivariate (e.g. NMDS, ISA, ANOSIM). The following types of ombrogenic peat bogs were differentiated: graminoid, chamaephytic, Sphagnum and pulvinated peat bogs, which were associated with a terrestrialization to paludification gradient, and decomposition. The highest average richness was recorded in the pulvinated peat bogs. The chamaephytic and graminoid bogs has the largest areas, while the pulvinated were distributed in a few hectares. Diagnostic species (e.g. Caltha appendiculata, Donatia fascicularis, Drosera uniflora, Myrteola nummularia) were associated with one or another type of vegetation, showing ecological preferences. No exotic species were recorded. This information can help define critical levels of resilience and propose management and restoration strategies in post-disturbance abandoned peatlands.","PeriodicalId":262382,"journal":{"name":"Gayana. Botánica","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115885976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cytotaxonomic characterization of cultivars and accessions of Lens culinaris Medik. (Fabaceae) from Chile and Canada 凤仙花品种及品种的细胞分类学特征。(豆科)产于智利和加拿大

Gayana. Botánica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-66432021000100086

R. Palma, C. Baeza, T. Stuessy

{"title":"Cytotaxonomic characterization of cultivars and accessions of Lens culinaris Medik. (Fabaceae) from Chile and Canada","authors":"R. Palma, C. Baeza, T. Stuessy","doi":"10.4067/s0717-66432021000100086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-66432021000100086","url":null,"abstract":"The lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) belongs to the legume family (Fabaceae), and it possesses benefits at nutritional, sustainable, and crop rotation system levels. Its occurrence and consumption in Chile originated from imports from Canada, but molecular tools now group Canadian lentils apart from those of the Mediterranean agro-ecological zones in Chile. Isoenzyme studies have shown a narrow genetic distance between different strains of Chilean germplasm. This present work characterizes Chilean cultivars and regional accessions and compares them with those in Canada using the cytotaxonomic tools of chromosome formula, chromosomal asymmetry index, total chromosome length (TLC), and a detailed architectural examination of each chromosome. We found chromosome stability among all lentils as 4m+3sm. Results showed a low TLC but higher inter-chromosomal asymmetry in the accessions from Hualqui (Biobio Region) (CVCL= 31.25), a unique secondary constriction from Yumbel (Nuble Region), and a higher TLC in Collanco (Biobio Region). Even though there was no evident karyotypic separation between Chilean and Canadian lentils, there was greater heterogeneity in TLC among cultivars in Chile than among those from Canada. It is unknown what physiological differences these cytological variants might possess. Because L. culinaris in Chile is of agronomic importance, studies of conservation are recommended to safeguard cytotaxonomic races as a national genetic resource.","PeriodicalId":262382,"journal":{"name":"Gayana. Botánica","volume":"223 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127176468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distribución en Chile y colonización del río Cayumapu (Valdivia) por el macrófito acuático invasor Limnobium laevigatum

Gayana. Botánica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-66432021000100065

Cristina San Martín, Domingo Contreras, Osvaldo Vidal, J. Solís, C. Ramírez

{"title":"Distribución en Chile y colonización del río Cayumapu (Valdivia) por el macrófito acuático invasor Limnobium laevigatum","authors":"Cristina San Martín, Domingo Contreras, Osvaldo Vidal, J. Solís, C. Ramírez","doi":"10.4067/s0717-66432021000100065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-66432021000100065","url":null,"abstract":"Limnobium laevigatum is an invasive aquatic herb that increases its range in Chile to displace native species from its place in the coastal zonation of the fresh water bodies. Seasonal biomass production and reproduction of this species are studied in the Sanctuary of Nature “Carlos Anwandter” in Valdivia, Chile. The change experienced by the coastal zonation of the river is established due to the aggressiveness of this invasive species, which was favored by the eutrophication of the waters. The average annual biomass reaches 6,140 kg/ha. The organs with the greatest contribution to biomass are the emergent leaves and the roots. Biomass production was higher in summer and lower in spring, when high values of necromass were also measured, indicating the presence of an unknown deleterious factor. The biomass of roots and emerging leaves has the same seasonal route with a decrease in spring, while the swimming leaves and the necromass show an inverse behavior. The presence of flowers and fruits was confirmed, which supports the hypothesis proposed of sexual reproduction for the Valdivian populations. Finally, a phenological diagram indicates the presence of viable fruits and seeds throughout the year.","PeriodicalId":262382,"journal":{"name":"Gayana. Botánica","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124549174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Success and failures in the inoculation of five introduced trees in Chile with Tuber magnatum Pico: First advances for the domestication of the white truffle in South America 智利五种引进树种接种白松露的成功与失败:南美洲白松露驯化的初步进展

Gayana. Botánica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-66432021000100019

G. Pereira, G. Palfner, L. Suz, Patricio Sandoval, R. Ramirez, D. Chávez, C. Atala

{"title":"Success and failures in the inoculation of five introduced trees in Chile with Tuber magnatum Pico: First advances for the domestication of the white truffle in South America","authors":"G. Pereira, G. Palfner, L. Suz, Patricio Sandoval, R. Ramirez, D. Chávez, C. Atala","doi":"10.4067/s0717-66432021000100019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-66432021000100019","url":null,"abstract":"Truffles are highly demanded edible fungi. They belong to the genus Tuber and have very high economic value, with Tuber magnatum being one of the most expensive and gastronomically used. This study evaluates the potential of five introduce tree species as mycorrhizal hosts for T. magnatum in Chile. Seeds from Quercus cerris, Q. robur and Corylus avellana were harvested from adult trees. Cuttings from Populus nigra and Salix caprea were harvested in the field and asexually propagated under greenhouse conditions. After two months, they were transplanted to 260 cc pots containing sterilized composted pine bark. A spore suspension (106 spores/plant) of T. magnatum was injected directly into plant roots. Three months after inoculation we observed spore germination and the presence of mycelium around the roots in some seedlings. After seven months, we observed mycorrhizae from T. magnatum only in\u0000Q. cerris, Q. robur and C. avellana, characterized by their epidermoid mantle and awl-shaped, bristle-like cystidia. The identification the mycorrhizal structures was confirmed by sequencing of the nuclear ITS- rDNA region. This study provide the first advances for the domestication of this highly valuable truffle in Chile and South America and the successful mycorrhized plants could be used in further field assays. Some Quercus, Populus and Salix species have been used as ornamental plants and are naturalized in Chile for over 100 years. Additionally, hazelnut (Corylus avellana) is currently grown in the country under intensive silviculture. These tree species could act as a non-intentional host for truffles, dispersed from production sites.","PeriodicalId":262382,"journal":{"name":"Gayana. Botánica","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125239558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisión del género Polygonum (Polygonaceae) en Chile 智利蓼属(蓼科)的修订

Gayana. Botánica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-66432021000100001

S. Teillier, R. Peña, Jorge Macaya-Berti

引用次数: 0

Salvia guaranitica A. St.-Hil. ex Benth. (Lamiaceae): a new record for the alien flora of Chile 圣山鼠尾草Benth交货。(Lamiaceae):智利外来植物群新记录

Gayana. Botánica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-66432021000100095

J. Cruz, D. González, S. Valdebenito, P. Peñaloza

引用次数: 0

Novel phenolic compound from Southern Ocean microalgae Chlorella sp. PR-1 and its antibacterial activity 南大洋微藻小球藻PR-1中新型酚类化合物及其抑菌活性

Gayana. Botánica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-66432021000100029

Pratibha Gupta, A. Banerjee, A. Castillo, R. Bandopadhyay

{"title":"Novel phenolic compound from Southern Ocean microalgae Chlorella sp. PR-1 and its antibacterial activity","authors":"Pratibha Gupta, A. Banerjee, A. Castillo, R. Bandopadhyay","doi":"10.4067/s0717-66432021000100029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-66432021000100029","url":null,"abstract":"Marine microalgae has been attracting the researcher’s attention for centuries. Development on microalgal research is majorly favoured by its medicinal, pharmaceutical or cosmeceutical properties. The advancement in the investigation related to microalgal products have been concentrated in the coastal zones because of the greater supply of raw material. The Southern Ocean, highly productive and relatively poorly studied ecosystem, constitutes approximately 10% of the global volume of the oceans. In this study, marine microalgae Chlorella sp. PR-1 was isolated from the Southern Ocean (Indian Sector) for the identification of bioactive antibacterial compounds. The antimicrobial activity of this microalgal extracts was evaluated against three gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus subtilis) and three gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, and Escherichia coli). The extract showing antibacterial activity was further purified by thin layer and column chromatography. The antimicrobial activity was again evaluated and confirmed with the purified fraction against the same bacteria. The identification of the functional groups in the purified fraction was performed by infrared spectroscopic analysis. Based on gas chromatographic and mass spectroscopic analysis, the principle bioactive compound was proved to be 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl)- phenol. Thus, the bioactive compound isolated from marine microalga of Southern Ocean origin may be a novel alternative source of antibacterials in the future.","PeriodicalId":262382,"journal":{"name":"Gayana. Botánica","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129119595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Estudio preliminar de líquenes del orden Peltigerales presentes en el Parque Ecológico y Cultural Rucamanque, Región de La Araucanía, Chile 智利araucania地区Rucamanque生态文化公园Peltigerales目地衣的初步研究

Gayana. Botánica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-66432021000100104

Johana Villagra, M. Munoz-Munoz, Patricio Núñez, Angélica Casanova-Katny

引用次数: 0