Economics: the strategy and practice最新文献

{"title":"The Influence of Demographic Transition Factors on the Demographic Dividends in the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"M. Bekturganova, G. Kenzhegulova, A. Jussibaliyeva, S. Tleuberdiyeva, Казахстан Л.Н. Гумилева","doi":"10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-169-183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-169-183","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to explore the relationship between factors of demographic transition and the demographic dividend in developing countries on the example of Kazakhstan. This literature review made it possible to identify two main factors that indirectly impact economic growth: the working-age population and the labor force. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between these factors, taking into account urban and rural areas. The SPSS program was used to confirm four hypotheses. Where Working Age Total is the dependent variable and Women Working Age Urban Population, Women Working Age Rural Population are independent variables for the first two hypotheses. In the third and fourth hypotheses, Labor Force Total is the dependent variable, and Fertility Rate, Fertility Rate Urban, Fertility Rate Rural, Death Rate, Death Rate Urban, Death Rate Rural are independent variables. Data from the official open source information of the Bureau of National Statistics between 2007-2020 was used. According to the results, three hypotheses were partially accepted, one was rejected. The results showed little effect of changing demographic structure in rural areas on the working-age population, except for mortality rate. The birth rate has a positive impact on the working-age population only in cities. The female population of working age, although predominant in terms of the number, has a negligible effect on the labor force. The results of this study can be used to develop and improve existing programs and strategies for managing demographic factors by  the government at various levels and in science.","PeriodicalId":262123,"journal":{"name":"Economics: the strategy and practice","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134170891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Border Settlements of Kazakhstan as an Impulse to Balanced Territorial Development","authors":"K. Turkeeva, A. Omarov, N. Abilkaiyr","doi":"10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-96-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-96-107","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the development of the border territories of Kazakhstan, in particular, the study of the border territories of settlements of the North Kazakhstan region. The author presents his own vision of the development of border depressive regions and develops proposals for improving state policy and management of regional development of territorial spaces. An organizational and institutional mechanism for the development of border territories based on the formation of special economic zones as investment and innovation platforms for the development of production and infrastructure facilities is proposed. The problem with the formation of such special zones is the lack of economic resources consisting of production and human potential. The Northern macroregion has great potential in the development of the agro-industrial complex, however, the lack of human resources, due to large migration to neighboring regions of Russia and other regions of Kazakhstan, as well as the deterioration of the socioeconomic situation of the population, due to a lack of investment and budgetary resources, environmental problems can lead to the extinction of many settlements of the North Kazakhstan region. The solution to such problems, while remaining the prerogative of the state, requires their solution at the present moment. The development should be based on cross-border cooperation of neighboring countries based on the modeling of foreign economic relations based on the functional features of borders in the new conditions of cross-border and integration interaction of countries.","PeriodicalId":262123,"journal":{"name":"Economics: the strategy and practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131222945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Process of Telemedicine Implementation in the Context of the Digitalization Process in Kazakhstan","authors":"R. Makasheva, L. Tussupova, Roland Giese","doi":"10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-49-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-49-65","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to study the process of telemedicine implementation in the context of digitalization of Kazakhstan to identify problems. Development of recommendations for solving these problems, both in the public and in the private sectors of medical services. The scientific significance of the work lies in the contribution of new knowledge on the issue of telemedicine in the example of Kazakhstan, since this issue has been underxplored. The results of this study can be used to further develop the digitalization process of healthcare in the Republic of Kazakhstan. A qualitative method is used, a semi-structured interview with experts in the field of telemedicine implementation was conducted. Atlas.ti software is used for data processing. As a result of the analysis of the interviews, the limitations and problems of the implementation of telemedicine in the country were identified, such as high costs for the provision of IT services and the quality of the Internet, as well as the government’s weak interest in cooperation with the private sector. However, despite these obstacles, the private sector is interested in implementing telemedicine. Analysis of world official data showed that the telemedicine market is growing rapidly, and there is a demand for consultations using telemedicine in the Kazakhstani market. Therefore, there is a need to develop this direction. Recommendations were offered to solve the problems of telemedicine implementation in Kazakhstan. Eliminating the identified problems can accelerate the process of healthcare digitalization, which is a contribution to the development of this area.","PeriodicalId":262123,"journal":{"name":"Economics: the strategy and practice","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130083519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Stimulation of Household Business Activity in the Economy of Kazakhstan","authors":"Nurbakhyt N.Nurmukhametov, Alla E. Belousova, G. Utarbayeva, Zanat M. Bulakbay","doi":"10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-36-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-36-48","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the scientific article is to study the problem of increasing the business activity of the rural population in the conditions of the «new» economy of Kazakhstan and to develop proposals for stimulating the economic activity of personal subsidiary farms. The use of classical methods of scientific cognition and literature review allowed us to study the theoretical foundations and reveal the economic essence of the categories of «business activity» regarding its applicability to the economy of the household. Based on the macroeconomic analysis, the main indicators and trends of the development of the economy of Kazakhstan were studied, the share of the agricultural economy in the country’s GDP was determined. It is revealed that the agricultural economy in the overall structure of the national economy can become a priority industry in the long term, which is justified by the effectiveness of the activities of agribusiness entities in conditions of developed competition. It is confirmed that 58% of the rural population are self-employed, and 46% of the population cannot provide for their basic needs, since the only source of income is transfer payments (social benefits) from the state budget. It is determined that the inflation rate has a significant impact on the real income of households. The model of economic stimulation of the business activity of personal subsidiary farms is presented, taking into account their peculiarities of formation and development as a form of agribusiness organization, which clearly affects the agricultural economy of Kazakhstan.","PeriodicalId":262123,"journal":{"name":"Economics: the strategy and practice","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115617327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Economy and a New Approach to Its Measurement","authors":"Sevil R. Humbatova","doi":"10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-22-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-22-35","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to propose a model for a comparative assessment of the degree of «greenness» of the economy of each country, to identify weak determinants to increase the degree of «greenness» of the countries included in this model, as well as to scientifically substantiate possible ways of developing weak determinants. However, approaches to the «green» economy model and the method of its measurement differ. It is more appropriate to include indicators related to the sectors of the economy that generate carbon emissions in this model. The article defines 5 subindexes for quantifying the «green» economy model: growth parameters and socio-economic essence, environmental and resource efficiency, natural resources group, environmental quality measurement group, economic opportunities, and policy group. The results of the study show that over the past 30 years, the sub-index «Ecological quality of life», which is part of the Green Economy Index in Azerbaijan, has significantly decreased. However, as in other oil-rich countries, the main factor preventing the transition to a green economic model in Azerbaijan is related to oil production. As in other countries rich in oil and gas, Azerbaijan’s economy is based on oil and gas rents. The main conclusion obtained during the study is related to the transition of the country’s economy to a «green model», and it is also recommended to replace economic growth with green growth and invest in the development of industries that reduce the number of pollutants released into the environment.","PeriodicalId":262123,"journal":{"name":"Economics: the strategy and practice","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117038626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the Pandemic on the Socio-Economic Development of Кazakhstan","authors":"Khalima N. Sansyzbayeva, L. Ashirbekova, Tomasz Pisula, Aigul A Musulmankulova, Ashirbekova L.Zh","doi":"10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-6-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-6-21","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 has affected all aspects of public life, sectors of the national economy, and the standard of living of the population in both positive and negative directions. The government of Kazakhstan played a significant role in reducing the negative consequences of the pandemic on the socio-economic situation of the population by implementing state support measures. However, systemic social problems, both globally and nationally, have not been resolved. The World Health Organization was not ready for the global coronavirus crisis. The search in the global world for ways to combat new modifications of the viral epidemic remains relevant. The global community must be prepared for unexpected viral diseases. The purpose of the study is to conduct a qualitative analysis of the main changes in the socio-economicsphere of Kazakhstan associated with the spread of coronavirus in the world in order to determine the necessary socio-economic and institutional processes and impacts that can have a significant impact on society in the long term. The article highlights social problems, the solution of which will contribute to the development of human capital and the economic growth of the country. Complex methods of systemic and empirical analysis were used in this article. Analysis of socio-economic development confirmed the proposed hypotheses. As a result of the study, the features of the socio-economic development in the current situation are determined. An attempt has been made to identify the main trends, and processes necessary for fundamental changes in the socio-economic life of the country in the post-pandemic period.","PeriodicalId":262123,"journal":{"name":"Economics: the strategy and practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134476364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Main Trends in the Development of Corporate Governance Through the Prism of Domestic and Foreign Experience","authors":"Zh. A. Bekpayeva, N. Nikiforova, M. Karlik","doi":"10.51176/1997-9967-2022-2-246-257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-2-246-257","url":null,"abstract":"   The prerequisite for studying the topic was that the topic of corporate governance is relevant, especially in our turbulent, unstable times. This is confirmed by the interest shown by authors from various countries. In the literature review subsection, articles on corporate governance by various authors from the Scopus database were studied. From the point of view of the authors, the activity of any organization depends on many different external and internal factors, such as the competence of management, the qualifications of employees, the availability of financial and labor resources for business development.   Through the application of the methodology and methods of classical science, the goals of writing the article are revealed: the article presents a concise history of the development of corporate governance in the international and domestic markets in a convenient form, identifies the main three theories of corporate governance, and identifies differences in the codes of various countries in tabular form. The article confirms the information that underestimation of the importance of corporate governance can lead to several losses in the company, the impossibility of implementing the strategy, and inefficient use of resources: material, intellectual, labor, and financial. An assessment of the positive impact of the corporate management system as a whole on the company’s efficiency is given. The results of the study can be applied in building a corporate management system for companies, regardless of the form of ownership and the number of employees. The topic of corporate governance is especially relevant in the current realities.","PeriodicalId":262123,"journal":{"name":"Economics: the strategy and practice","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126288664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Current State and Development of Women’s Entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan Economy","authors":"Z. Bulkhairova, N. Nurmukhametov, A. Kizimbayeva, A. Shametova","doi":"10.51176/1997-9967-2022-2-231-245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-2-231-245","url":null,"abstract":"   The purpose of this article is to analyze the current state and development of women’s entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan, which has a significant impact on the sustainable development of business structures. Therefore, in recent years, in the COVID-19 pandemic context, more and more attention has been paid to empowering small and medium-sized enterprises led by women, but in many low-income countries, women entrepreneurs still face significant barriers that do not exist when men are engaged in business. The analysis revealed that in practice, despite the organic changes introduced in COVID-19 pandemic conditions, women’s interest in the entrepreneurial activity organization is increasing every year from the point of view of the formation of the business process culture. The analysis identified the main reasons why women go into business: the desire for financial independence, the desire to realize their business idea, and the opportunity to combine work, family, and entertainment. Consequently, the state institution is actively pursuing a policy to reduce gender inequality, including in the business environment of Kazakhstan. The results of the study confirm that small and medium- sized business support institutions are interested in increasing women’s business, regardless of geographical location (city and village). Statistical analysis shows that the largest percentage of women entrepreneurs in wholesale and retail trade, the smallest percentage of women entrepreneurs is observed in the field of public administration and defense. To increase the business activity of women’s entrepreneurship, recommendations were developed for the formation and creation of a Unified National information Base on the development of women’s entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":262123,"journal":{"name":"Economics: the strategy and practice","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115500163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Interrelation between Stock Prices and the Exchange Rate in Kazakhstan","authors":"G. Azretbergenova","doi":"10.51176/1997-9967-2022-2-206-216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-2-206-216","url":null,"abstract":"   A strong economical link has arisen between stock markets and exchange rates as a consequence of increased capital flows between international financial markets. This correlation between stock returns and exchange rates is particularly intriguing for developing countries such as Kazakhstan, whose economies are quite sensitive to capital flows. In the evolving global financial system, comprehension of the correlation between exchange rates and stock prices is vital for policymakers and investors. Knowing this relationship enables the manager to manage risk effectively, contrariwise, it is applied by investors to predict future trends. However, economic and financial policymakers and regulators need to know the interrelation between conversion rate and asset prices, such as stock markets, in order to articulate respective policies. Nevertheless, there are plenty of empirical studies on the interrelation between exchange rates and the stock market in developed and developing countries. This correlation has not been explored in Kazakhstan.   The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between stock prices and exchange rates in Kazakhstan. The relationship between the variables was analyzed via Johansen Cointegration Test and the VECM model. Upon the results of the analysis, the presence of a long-term correlation between the variables is proved. According to the results of the causality test, the Granger exchange rate is the reason for stock prices in Kazakhstan. There is no causality from stock prices to exchange rates. The results of the study also have a guiding quality in guiding investment decisions for both equity market and foreign money exchange market investors.The null hypothesis that there is nocointegration connection between the variablesis rejected, according to the Trace and MaximumEigenvalue test data in Table 4. In other words,it has been established that the variables have along-term connection. Granger causality test basedon VAR model cannot be used when there is acointegration connection. The VECM (6) modelwill be estimated first, followed by the causalitytest. The results of the causality test predicted usingthe error correction model are presented in Table 5.The exchange rate is the Granger cause of stockprices in Kazakhstan, according to the findings ofthe causality test. There is no relationship betweenstock prices and currency rates. ","PeriodicalId":262123,"journal":{"name":"Economics: the strategy and practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128438011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of changes in Tariff Rates on Imports: Evidence from Kazakhstan","authors":"A. Aituar, S. Kemelbayeva","doi":"10.51176/1997-9967-2022-2-178-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-2-178-189","url":null,"abstract":"   This paper is the continuation of the research on the impact of Eurasian Customs Union policies on the economy of Kazakhstan.   The study provides new evidence on the effects of Customs Unions on its members. In particular, this paper investigates the impact of tariff rate changes in Kazakhstan due to the establishment of the Eurasian Economic Union. Kazakhstan joined Eurasian Customs Union in 2010. Then the Eurasian Customs Union became the Eurasian Economic Union in May 2014. Since the establishment of the ECU, Kazakhstan’s trade policy has experienced considerable change. The tariff rates in Kazakhstan with countries outside the ECU almost doubled, with average tariff rates increasing from 6.45 to 12.24 %. This paper uses the dataset on bilateral trade flows between ECU countries and other 195 countries for 20 years from 2000 to 2019. An empirical analysis is performed on a country level, and panel data techniques are used to estimate whether the increase in the tariffs with non-members of CU will lead to trade diversion with suppliers outside the CU. The analysis demonstrated that the increase in tariff rates negatively affected imports to Kazakhstan from non-ECU countries. The effect of tariff increase, using the dynamic gravity model and GMM econometric technique, is estimated to be a 1.8 % decrease in imports if the average external tariff rate of Kazakhstan increases by one percentage point (e. g. from 7 % to 8 %). Due to the increase in tariff rates, the overall estimated reduction of imports of Kazakhstan is 10.66 %.","PeriodicalId":262123,"journal":{"name":"Economics: the strategy and practice","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133016456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}