New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research最新文献

{"title":"Idiopathic peripheral lower-limb gangrene in infancy","authors":"T. Sough, C. Madubueze","doi":"10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_18_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_18_18","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic peripheral lower-limb gangrene in infancy is a rare condition with attendant difficulty in making adequate or accurate diagnosis, as there are no clear-cut causes of the condition as the name suggests. The predisposing factors are important to consider as a guide for diagnosis and treatment, but timely intervention to restore the normal physiological status of the patient and reverse progression of ischemia is much more important. This is a presentation of two cases that were similarly managed for peripheral lower-limb idiopathic gangrene. Both cases were male infants. The conservative approach adopted in both cases yielded remarkable results.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"71 28","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134195336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaginal hysterectomy at university of Abuja teaching hospital: A 5-year review","authors":"A. Atta, H. Abdullahi","doi":"10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_23_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_23_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vaginal hysterectomy is associated with less morbidity and mortality. However, its use appears to be underutilized in most settings in Nigeria. Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the incidence, indications, and outcome of vaginal hysterectomy at a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. Study Design: A retrospective study of all the hysterectomies performed in the Hospital between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014. Results: During the period of study, there were 902 major gynecological operations, of which vaginal hysterectomy accounted for 33, giving an incidence of 3.7%. Vaginal hysterectomy was highest among patients aged 60 years and above accounting for 54.6%. The most common indication for vaginal hysterectomy was uterovaginal prolapse constituting 75.8%. The complication rate was 27.3% with postoperative pyrexia constituting 57.1% of all the complications, while hemorrhage was the least, constituting 3.0%. There was no mortality recorded. Conclusion: The incidence of vaginal hysterectomy was 3.7%. Uterovaginal prolapse was the most common indication, while postoperative pyrexia was the most common complication found.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"5 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130714373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical pattern of human immunodeficiency virus-associated sensory neuropathy among adults in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria","authors":"M. Rabiu, A. Ibrahim, A. Yakasai, M. Hamza, L. Owolabi","doi":"10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_6_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_6_18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Peripheral neuropathy has implications for drug adherence and quality of life including the physical and emotional functioning in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals. The debilitating impact on the ability to carry out their daily tasks is considerable and may sometimes become longstanding. The study assessed the frequency and determinants of HIV-associated sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria, with a view to provide optimal care. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey where the brief peripheral neuropathy screening (BPNS) benign familial neonatal seizures tool was administered to 380 HIV-positive clinic attendees using systematic random sampling was carried out. Potential risk variables were subjected to multivariate analysis modeling using logistic regression statistics to determine if they are independent predictors of the HIV-SN. Results: Of the 380 study participants, 263 (69.2%) were females, with a mean age of 37.4 ± 9.9 years. The mean CD4 count and duration of the diagnosis of HIV infection of the participants were 484.5 ± 254.9 cells/mm3 and 60.9 ± 43.5 months, respectively. Using the BPNS screening (BPNS) tool, 29.2% (111/380) of the participants had HIV-SN. Independent determinants of HIV-SN in our included age >40 years (odd ratio [OR] 5.86, 95% confidential interval [CI] = 2.48–13.88, P < 0.001) and type of highly active antiretroviral therapy combination used (OR 0.36, 95% CI = 0.17–0.73, P = 0.005). Conclusion: The frequency and determinants of HIV-SN prompt the need to strengthen early screening and treatment of HIV-infected patients by physicians managing them, to improve their overall quality of life.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122889571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palpable breast masses in a tertiary institution of South-South Nigeria; fine-needle aspiration cytology versus histopathology: A correlation of diagnostic accuracy","authors":"M. Stephen, S. Daye, S. Raphael","doi":"10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_20_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_20_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the breast, as part of the triple assessment approach to the diagnosis of palpable breast masses, has become a valuable preoperative tool. It is fast, inexpensive, and minimally invasive and thus has gained wide acceptance in the preoperative assessment of breast masses. This study aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC of palpable breast masses in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective comparative study comprising the reports of the FNAC of palpable breast masses and their subsequent tissue biopsy diagnoses recorded over 1 year from September 1, 2013, to August 31, 2014. Results: A total of 100 consecutive FNAC reports were made during the study period. There were 98 females (98%) and 2 males (2%). The age range of the patients was 18–65 years with a mean age of 42.5 years at presentation. On cytodiagnosis; 14 (14%) cases were inadequate samples (C1), 52 (52%) cases were benign (C2) lesions, 2 (2%) cases were suspicious probably benign (C3) lesions, 4 (4%) cases were suspicious probably malignant (C4) lesions, and 28 (28%) were malignant (C5) lesions. The cytology reports were correlated with the subsequent histological diagnoses. Of the 14 C1 reports, 13 were confirmed on tissue histology as benign lesions and the remaining 1 as malignant. Fifty-one of the 52 C2 reports were confirmed as truly benign (true negatives) and the remaining 1 as malignant (false negative). The overall suspicious rate (C3 and C4) was 6% with the 2 C2 reports confirmed as benign and 3 of the 4 C4 reports confirmed on histology as malignant. All 28 malignant (C5) reports were confirmed by tissue histology as malignant (true positive). The absolute sensitivity was 84.9%, complete sensitivity was 93.9%, specificity was 98.2%, positive predictive value (C5) was 100%, negative predictive value (C2) was 98.2%, false-negative rate was 3.0%, and suspicious rate was 4.3%. Conclusion: FNAC of palpable breast masses shows high sensitivity and specificity in our center. It is strongly recommended to be done on all patients presenting with palpable breast masses to ensure quicker pathologist–surgeon communication, patients' triage, and early establishment of definitive treatment outline.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133797723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Umbilical cord thrombosis, a cause of intra-uterine fetal demise: A case study","authors":"E. Iwunze, C. I. Iwunze","doi":"10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_13_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_13_17","url":null,"abstract":"Umbilical vein thrombosis accompanies umbilical cord abnormalities that cause blood vessel ectasia and lead to perinatal mortality. The precise diagnosis and management remains an unsolved puzzle to clinicians. This is to report a case of umbilical cord thrombosis in a patient with intrauterine fetal demise and propose an addendum to the current management. Early detection of umbilical cord abnormalities, intensive fetal monitoring, prompt intervention, and preemptive delivery may prevent perinatal mortality.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121670286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived impact of academic stress on academic performance among undergraduate nursing students of university of Jos","authors":"Cletus Okpe Daniel, Abraham Dare Ajayi, O. A. Ogunyewo, D. K. Ajio, E. Andy, E. Oyedele, G. Daniel, G. Solomon, Alfred Bala Haruna, N. Gusen","doi":"10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_38_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_38_16","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This research study was carried out to assess the perceived impact of stress on academic performance among undergraduate nursing students of the University of Jos. Research Design: The research design was a correlational descriptive study. Sampling was not needed since the entire population of 208 were used as participants for the study. An instrument for data collection was structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, i.e., frequency, mean and percentage, and data presented in tables. Results: Results revealed that the common stressors found among undergraduate students and their (stressors') degree of influence on academic performance are finance; M = 3.5, exam; M = 3.5 among others had a strong influence, course load; M = 2.7 continuous assessment; 2.8 mean among others had a mild influence while overcrowded classroom and others fairly influence nursing students academic performance. The academic performance of undergraduate nursing students was satisfactory with 189 (81.7%) of the students having a cumulative grade point average between second class upper and second class lower. Nursing students perceived stress to have a negative impact on their academic performance. Being optimistic, having a relaxed state of mind were among other methods used by nursing students to cope with stress. Conclusion and Recommendation: The researcher concluded that stress is perceived by undergraduate nursing students of the University of Jos, to have a negative impact on their academic performance and recommended that the university/department introduce stress coping skills in the planning of undergraduate curriculum among others. Nursing students recommended that lecturers should be more friendly; financial burden be reduced on students, among others, as ways to help them cope with stress.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128990530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and perception about basic life support among dental interns: A questionnaire survey","authors":"Amandeep Chopra, Radhay Shyam, S. Dhingra, S. Verma, A. Kaur, H. Kaur, G. Kaur","doi":"10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_51_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_51_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Knowledge of basic life support (BLS) is an absolute necessity for dental professionals to face acute dental emergencies. Aim and Objectives: The present study was aimed to assess the awareness, knowledge, and perception about BLS among dental interns of Dera Bassi, Punjab and further to determine self-rated ability to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation/BLS including knowledge of automated external defibrillators. Methodology: A descriptive questionnaire study was done on 99 dental interns. Questionnaire consisted of 19 questions which included the data pertaining to demographic details, awareness, and knowledge of BLS. Descriptive statistics were compiled. Further, comparison based on gender was done using independent t-test. Results: All the study participants were aware of the BLS and its usefulness. The mean knowledge score was found to be 11.13 ± 2.64. 3%. Most of the study participants (36.04%) were having average knowledge followed by fair knowledge score (29.30%). Females were having more BLS knowledge as compared to males. Conclusion: The study indicates average knowledge of BLS among dental interns. The present study highlights the need for a structured training of BLS and inclusion of BLS in the dental academic curriculum.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125516083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should glaucoma be public funded in Nigeria? Background, justification, and the study overview","authors":"A. Ayanniyi","doi":"10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_21_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_21_17","url":null,"abstract":"Many Nigeria's individuals with glaucoma are losing vision because they cannot afford glaucoma treatment. A work, “Should glaucoma be public funded in Nigeria?,” was conducted and written into articles. The objective of this article was to present the work's background, glaucoma overview, research question, rationale, and overview of the work. The work is an ethical (normative) study advocating public-funded glaucoma treatment. Relevant literatures were reviewed and cited. The rationale for the study includes inability of individuals with glaucoma to afford treatment, poor treatment compliance due to poverty, absent universal healthcare insurance, and negative impact of glaucoma on quality life. The work overview includes strong rebuttal of oppositions to public-funded glaucoma treatment; adverse effect of glaucoma on visual function domains, quality of life, daily activities, health, education, economy, and work; three-level budgetary glaucoma funding – macro, meso, and micro-allocations vis–a-vis a justice-based glaucoma funding through a two-tiered healthcare system, namely, tier-one providing basic universal health care for glaucoma at no cost at the point of delivery and tier-two covering all imaginable glaucoma care but at the client's expense are suggested.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121571019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uterocutaneous fistula: A rare clinical entity","authors":"R. Offiong, N. Adewole, M. Zakari, Daniel Okochi","doi":"10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_24_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_24_17","url":null,"abstract":"Uterocutaneous fistula that was present in a 36-year-old para 1+0 alive is reported. The presenting complaint was of simultaneous retrograde cyclical effluent of menstrual blood through an abdominal sinus that developed after cesarean section. Diagnosis was confirmed by hysterosalpingogram. Surgical excision of the fistula was carried out successfully.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132027489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes as a risk factor for ischemic stroke in a tertiary health care center, Abuja","authors":"G. Onwuegbuzie, R. Reng","doi":"10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_39_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NNJCR.NNJCR_39_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke is the rapidly developing loss of brain functions due to a disturbance in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain. Stroke has many risk factors, prominent among which is diabetes mellitus (DM); a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Hyperglycemia may arise in people with acute ischaemic stroke in previously diabetic patients as well as those without a previous history of diabetes. Given the importance of diabetes as a modifiable risk factor for stroke, we decided to study the prevalence of diabetes among Nigerians with stroke. Methods: Samples of random blood sugar and fasting blood sugar were collected from 120 patients with Ischaemic Stroke admitted into the medical ward, however only the fasting blood glucose sample were used. Ischaemic stroke was confirmed clinically using WHO criteria and radiologically by cranial computed tomography scan or MRI were included in this study. Results: There were 66 (55%) male patients with Ischaemic stroke and females 54 (45%). Their ages range from 30-90 years, out of which majority 68 (57%) was between 50 and 69 years of age. In our study, we found 66 (55%) of the patients had fasting hyperglycaemia; 42 (35%) were newly diagnosed while 24 (20%) were previously known diabetics. Conclusion: It is well known that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor and may contribute to stroke; therefore effort should be made at screen patient with diabetes in our clinics. This is particularly pertinent since some of patients with diabetes were only diagnosed after stroke.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129608669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}