New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research最新文献_第2页

New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_24_20

R. Reng, G. Onwuegbuzie

{"title":"Diabetes and sleep","authors":"R. Reng, G. Onwuegbuzie","doi":"10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_24_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_24_20","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep has often been thought of as a “restorative” process for the mind and the body; however, it has been shown that it also directly affects many metabolic and hormonal processes. Sleep which is a key factor in physiological restitution also modulates the metabolic, endocrine, and cardiovascular systems and thus has medical implications which include decreased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Reduction in the time available for sleep is a hallmark of modern society which has developed during the past few decades with increase in the time available for work and leisure, often viewed as harmless and efficient. In normal, healthy individuals, glucose tolerance varies across the day, with total sleep loss or even a 2-h reduction of sleep/night for 1 week there is increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and low grade inflammation, a condition known to predispose to insulin resistance and diabetes. Sleep deprivation is associated with disturbances in the secretion of the counter regulatory hormones such as growth hormone and cortisol. Elevated evening cortisol levels can lead to morning insulin resistance, while the sympathetic nervous system inhibits insulin release while the parasympathetic system stimulates it, thus leading to elevated glucose levels. Adults are sleeping less and less in our society. Yet sleep is no longer thought of as strictly a restorative process for the body. The importance of sleep for metabolic function and specifically glucose homeostasis is now widely accepted, as many studies have shown a correlation between sleep deprivation or poor sleep quality and an increased risk of diabetes.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131048352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Excision of solitary neurofibroma of the palate using diode laser 用二极管激光切除上颚孤立性神经纤维瘤

New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_41_19

Vineet Bansal, A. Konidena, A. Mann, Nirvana Yumnam

引用次数: 0

Predictors of treatment outcome among adult patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Kano, Nigeria

New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_53_19

Adamu Mubarak, F. Tsiga-Ahmed, R. Jalo, Aminatu Ayaba, U. Ibrahim, Rabi Sufi, I. Umar, I. Bello, N. Shuaib, Yusuf Mustafa, I. Daneji, A. Aminu

{"title":"Predictors of treatment outcome among adult patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Kano, Nigeria","authors":"Adamu Mubarak, F. Tsiga-Ahmed, R. Jalo, Aminatu Ayaba, U. Ibrahim, Rabi Sufi, I. Umar, I. Bello, N. Shuaib, Yusuf Mustafa, I. Daneji, A. Aminu","doi":"10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_53_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_53_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) continues to threaten global tuberculosis (TB) treatment, care, and prevention, and it remains a major global health problem in many low- and middle-income countries with high morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The present study assessed MDR-TB treatment outcome and its predictors among adult patients in Kano, Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis involving 283 adult patients treated for MDR-TB using routine data for MDR-TB programme in Kano State between August 2014 and September 2018. Results: The mean age (±standard deviation) of the respondents was 33.4 ± 11.6 years and up to 40% of them were within the age group of 25–34 years. About three-quarters of the participants 72.4% (205) were males; up to 63.6% (180) of the patients live in the urban areas, and mean duration of treatment initiation was 21 days after the diagnosis. Up to 66.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 61.1–72.4), patients had successful treatment, (cured) while 33.2% (95% CI = 27.6–38.9) died. After adjusting for confounding, gender and HIV status were found to be independent predictors of MDR-TB treatment outcome among MDR-TB patients in Kano. Male patients (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.22–0.66, P = 0.001) and HIV-negative patients (aOR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.28–0.87, P = 0.015) were less likely to die from MDR-TB. Conclusion: The study found a moderate treatment success rate for MDR-TB in Kano. Early initiation of treatment, control of HIV epidemic, and enhanced treatment supervision would likely improve treatment outcome.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128539580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A 10-year review of progestogen-only injectable contraceptive use at a private facility in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria 尼日利亚西南部拉各斯一家私人机构仅使用孕激素注射避孕药的10年回顾

New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_50_19

O. Ijasan, Ernest Ruto Upeh

{"title":"A 10-year review of progestogen-only injectable contraceptive use at a private facility in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria","authors":"O. Ijasan, Ernest Ruto Upeh","doi":"10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_50_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_50_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Progestogen-only injectable contraceptives are affordable, long acting, and reversible. It can be administered by a trained nonmedical staff and does not require storage, making it specifically suitable for use in developing countries where contraceptive prevalence rates are low. Aim: This study aims to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of clients at the family planning clinic who accepted progestogen-only injectable contraceptives, their side effects, and discontinuation rates. Materials and Methods: In the retrospective study, clients who accepted and used progestogen-only injectable contraceptives at the Family Planning Clinic for over 10 years between August 1, 2008, and July 31, 2018, had their data collected using a structured pro forma. Results: Of the 197 clients who used progestogen-only injectable contraceptives during the study period, medical records of 181 (91.8%) of them were available and retrieved, while medical records of 16 were missing. The total number of contraceptive users during the same period was 1690, giving an acceptance rate of 11.7% for progestogen-only injectable contraceptives. The mean age of clients was 32.8 ± 6.2 years. Most (34.8%) of the participants were in the age group of 30–34 years. Most (95.6%) of the participants were married and 92.2% had at least a secondary school education. The majority (55.8%) of the participants used it for child spacing, while 44.2% used it to limit their families. The discontinuation rate at 1 year was 72.4%. Of the 181 participants, 65 (35.9%) reported side effects. The most common side effect was menstrual disorders (30.9%). No pregnancy was reported during use. Conclusion: Progestogen-only injectable contraceptives are effective and safe. Sociodemographic characteristics of users, side effects, and efficacy are similar to other local studies. However, the acceptance rate is low and the discontinuation rate at 1 year is higher than in other centers.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"39 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132532640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Comparative efficacy of core strengthening and stretching exercises on systemic and quality-of-life symptoms in adolescent college students with primary dysmenorrhea 核心强化和伸展运动对青春期大学生原发性痛经的全身症状和生活质量的比较疗效

New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_36_19

A. Aiyegbusi, C. Adeagbo, Sonia Uwem-Umoh

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of core strengthening and stretching exercises on systemic and quality-of-life symptoms in adolescent college students with primary dysmenorrhea","authors":"A. Aiyegbusi, C. Adeagbo, Sonia Uwem-Umoh","doi":"10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_36_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_36_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common complaints among adolescents affecting the quality of life (QoL) of many women in their reproductive years resulting in absenteeism and missed classes. Prior studies had concluded that various forms of exercises are effective non-pharmacological methods of managing the pain associated with primary dysmenorrhea (PD). There is however a dearth of studies on the effect of these exercises on systemic symptoms. This study investigated the effect of core strengthening and stretching exercises on pain and systemic symptoms in undergraduate college students with PD. Materials and Methods: Thirty female college students aged 16 years and above participated in the study. The respondents' pain, systemic, and QoL symptoms were assessed using a self-administered standard questionnaire pre- and postintervention of core strengthening and stretching exercises. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (bar chart, pie chart, frequency, mean, standard deviation, and percentage) and inferential statistics (Mann–Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test) at statistically significant difference (P = 0.05). Results: There were no statistically significant (P > 0.05) differences in the values of the frequency and severity of symptoms between the two groups. There were however significant (P < 0.05) differences in the pre- and postintervention values of the systemic and QoL symptoms in the core strengthening group unlike the stretching group. Conclusion: It is concluded from this study that though both forms of exercises were effective in significantly reducing pain, core strengthening exercises appeared to have better effects in managing the systemic and QoL symptoms associated with PD.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125198750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

True knotting of umbilical cord resulting in sudden unexpected fetal demise 脐带真正打结导致胎儿突然意外死亡

New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_45_19

Deazee M. Saywon, A. Rabiu

引用次数: 0

Cervical spondylotic amyotrophy mimicking amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 模拟肌萎缩侧索硬化症的颈椎病性肌萎缩症

New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_42_19

S. Sheetal, P. Byju

引用次数: 0

Pathologic findings in prostate gland at autopsy with topographic distribution of these diseases within the prostatic zones: Eleven-month prospective study in Oauthc, Ile-Ife, Nigeria 前列腺解剖病理结果与前列腺区域内这些疾病的地形分布:尼日利亚Oauthc 11个月的前瞻性研究

New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_20_20

I. Ezejiofor, W. Odesanmi, O. Odujoko, Akinwumi Komolaefe, T. Alade, Rinde Olaofe, I. Ibe

{"title":"Pathologic findings in prostate gland at autopsy with topographic distribution of these diseases within the prostatic zones: Eleven-month prospective study in Oauthc, Ile-Ife, Nigeria","authors":"I. Ezejiofor, W. Odesanmi, O. Odujoko, Akinwumi Komolaefe, T. Alade, Rinde Olaofe, I. Ibe","doi":"10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_20_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_20_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Different zones of prostate harbor different prostatic pathology. The peripheral zone shows majorly prostatic adenocarcinoma, which is among the common causes of cancer death in men in sub-Saharan Africa. Aim: The study aimed to determine the spectrum of prostate pathologies in routine autopsies of adult male 30 years and above whose death was unrelated to prostate diseases. Methods: A total of eighty cases of prostate glands were harvested over an 11-month period. These glands were fixed for 48 h, grossed, and processed. The hematoxylin- and eosin-stained slides were examined using multiheaded microscope. Results: The age range of patients was 30–85 years with a mean age of 41.84 ± 12.63 years standard deviation. The most common cause of death in these patients was trauma secondary to road traffic accident followed by cardiovascular diseases. The most common lesions in each prostatic zone as observed in this study were chronic prostatitis 26.3% in the central zone; nodular hyperplasia 16.3% in the transitional zone; prostatic atrophy (13.8%) and adenocarcinoma (8.3%) in the posterior peripheral zone (one of the cases (1.3%) showed multiple carcinomatous foci); and chronic prostatitis 15.0% in the anterior fibromuscular zone. Four patients' ages 30, 31, 32, and 48 years had Schistosoma haematobium infections observed in the seminal vesicles, whereas patient aged 48 years had in addition adenocarcinoma of prostate gland and prostatic atrophy (PA). A case (1.3%) of prostatic calculi and simple cyst of the prostate was seen in ages 56 and 85 years, respectively. Conclusion: Different zones of the prostate are associated with different disease entities, and S. haematobium show an association with adenocarcinoma of prostate in one individual","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133919841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uterine exteriorization versus In situ repair of the uterine incision at cesarean delivery 剖宫产术中子宫外置与子宫切口原位修复的比较

New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_46_19

M. Ayogu, T. Agida, Y. Isah, B. Adeka, Nathaniel Ketare

{"title":"Uterine exteriorization versus In situ repair of the uterine incision at cesarean delivery","authors":"M. Ayogu, T. Agida, Y. Isah, B. Adeka, Nathaniel Ketare","doi":"10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_46_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_46_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Opinion appears divided on uterine exteriorization for uterine repair at Cesarean delivery. The available evidence appears insufficient to aid policy pronouncement of routine uterine exteriorization for repair of the lower segment incision. Aim: To evaluate the effect of extra-abdominal versus intra-abdominal repair of the uterine incision at Cesarean delivery. Materials and Methods: One hundred and seventy women were randomly assigned to groups; Group “A” had their repairs after exteriorization while Group “B” had in situ repair. It compared the effects of exteriorization of the uterus and in situ repair during Cesarean delivery. Outcome measures included: Intraoperative blood loss, postpartum anemia, transfusion rate, mean operative time, postoperative wound infection rate, nausea and vomiting, The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20. Results: A data were available for analysis in 169 women that completed the study (exteriorization group [n = 85] and in situ repair group [n = 84]).Except for the statistically higher incidence of nausea/vomiting among the women that had exteriorization when compared with their counterpart whose uteri were repaired in situ(10.6% vs. 2.4%; P = 0.031). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of the mean preoperative hematocrit (34.8% vs. 35.7%), P = 0.830; the mean postoperative hematocrit level (30.8 ± 4.7 vs. 30.8 ± 4.9), P = 0.958; the mean estimated blood loss (575 ml vs. 577 ml), P = 0.942; the postpartum anemia (35.3% vs. 26.2%), P = 0.200; transfusion rate was (15.3% vs. 17.9%), P = 0.518; operation time (57.5 vs. 53.2 min), and the surgical site infection rate (1.2% vs. 1.2%), P = 0.993. Conclusion: Exteriorization and in situ repair of uterine incisions had similar outcome but, the former is associated with significant higher incidence of nausea/vomiting.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125723326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health-seeking behavior of obstetric fistula patients 产科瘘患者的求医行为

New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_44_19

I. Garba, I. Abubakar, M. Magashi, A. Rabiu

{"title":"Health-seeking behavior of obstetric fistula patients","authors":"I. Garba, I. Abubakar, M. Magashi, A. Rabiu","doi":"10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_44_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/nnjcr.nnjcr_44_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obstetric fistula (OF) is one of the most dehumanizing diseases on the earth. It is a disease that reduces the female species of humans to a subhuman level where a woman continuously leaks urine and/or feces through her vagina. This birth complication is devastating to our women folks, particularly those living in the rural areas. Objectives: We aimed to look at the health-seeking behaviors of women who suffered from this condition with emphasis of identifying modifiable indices that could lead to reduction and/or eradication of the condition. Methodology: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study where OF patient's health-seeking behavior was analyzed. All OF patients were recruited during the study period. Results: Fifty-two OF patients were interviewed during the study period. The mean age of the participants was 22.7 ± 7.6 years. Thirty-six participants (69.2%) had no formal education, and more than half of their husbands (57.7%) had no formal education. Majority (82.7%) of the participants were residing in the rural areas. More than half of the respondents (61.5%) had no source of income. Forty-seven (90.4%) attended antenatal care (ANC), and most of them (63.5%) had at least 4 ANC visits. Majority (76.9%) labored for more than 24 h and 35 (67.3%) had delay in reaching health facility. More than one-third (38.5%) were delivered through cesarean section. Forty-two respondents (80.8%) noticed urine leakage 2 days after delivery. Conclusion: Most of the findings here corroborated with the findings of earlier studies except for increased ANC attendance which might be due to increased awareness. The study clearly brought out the need to have deliveries conducted under skilled birth attendants to reduce/eradicate the menace of OF in our communities.","PeriodicalId":261902,"journal":{"name":"New Nigerian Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114236329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0