Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics最新文献

{"title":"Multiplexed Optical Fiber Interferometric Sensor System By Synthesis Of The Coherence Function","authors":"B. Zhu, K. Hotate","doi":"10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610937","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":260495,"journal":{"name":"Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131797477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoprobing The Optical Nonlinearities In Quantum Wires And Dots","authors":"A. Chavez-Pirson, H. Ando","doi":"10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610538","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":260495,"journal":{"name":"Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130719185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beamsplitter For N Photons As A Single Quantum Object","authors":"M. Kitagawa","doi":"10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610512","url":null,"abstract":"When a single photon enters a 50% beamsplitter, the output is a superposition of the state in which the photon is in port A and the state in which the photon is in port B. Such a superposition has never been observed for classical object. What if an object consists of many photons? If we enter N (>>1) photons into a 50% beamsplitter, the output is a superposition of many states with a slightly different photon number partition which are not distinguishable in macroscopic sense. How can we generate a superposition of the state in which all N photons are in port A, I all in A}, and the state in which all N photons are in port 8, I all in B)? And how can we make it interfere? It is convenient to introduce S = N / 2 fictitious spin system by letting S, = 8, alb , and S, = (N,, N,,)/2 when treating a partition of N photons, where uk (b,) and N,, (NI+) denote annihilation and photon number operators of A (B).' Then the initial state in which N photons are fed to the input port A, I all in A), is represented by a coherent spin state (CSS) pointing in +z direction. State evolutions by linear beamsplitters and interferometers are expressed as rotation. We have shown that the partition statistics can be modified by making a beamsplitter nonlinear and either number partition noise or phase partition noise can be suppressed.' For example, when a Kerr medium is inserted into one or each arm of Mach-Zehnder interferometer, spin uncertainties are squeezed from isotropic to elliptic by self-phase modulation (SPM). However, if the sum of the phase shifts per photon is increased exactly to T, the state evolves into a superposition of two CSSs of the opposite directions as shown in Fig. 1, which is analogous to a superposition of two coherent state^.^ By rotating this state with the output beamsplitter, a superposition of I all in A) and I all in B) is generated. This nonlinear interferometer acts as a beamsplitter which transfers N photons as if they were a single quantum object. If we give a phase difference @ between two outputs, A and B of Fig. l, and feed them into a similar nonlinear beamsplitter as shown in Fig. 2, the output becomes a superposition of 1 all in A) and I all in B) with the probability amplitudes dependent on +. This means that N photons interfere as if they were a single quantum object. Since the amplitudes sinusoidally vary with N+ instead of +, this interference is N times as sensitive as single photon interferen~e.~ If N photons can be manipulated as a single quantum object, it can be used as WG3 Fig. 1. A nonlinear beamsplitter transfers N photons as a single quantum object and makes a superposition of macroscopically distinguishable states. Filled bullet is a photon and open bullet is a vacancy.","PeriodicalId":260495,"journal":{"name":"Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130949053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced Carrier Lifetime At High Temperature In 1.3-/spl mu/m n-type Modulationdoped Strained Multi-quantum Well Lasers","authors":"K. Nakahara, K. Uomi, T. Haga, T. Taniwatari, T. Toyonaka","doi":"10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610959","url":null,"abstract":"flatness (flat or non-flat) for the bulk InGaAsP (h, = 1.29 pm) on a map of the growth temperature versus the V/III ratio. Figure l(b) also plotted in the same way for bulk InGaAsP = 1.13 pm). Growth rates at the unmasked area were 0.3 pm/h for 1.29 pm composition and 0.15 pm/h for 1.13 pm composition. The flatness of the shorter wavelength quaternary & = 1.13 pm) was improved by increasing the growth temperature due to the enhanced surface migration. On the other hand, the selective growth for the longer wavelength quaternary (A, = 1.29 pm) showed quite a different feature. The higher temperature causes to decreased tolerable range of the V/III ratio for flat selective growth. This can be briefly explained by the migration disturbance due to the effect of group-V hydride which is enhanced at the higher temperature.' From Fig. l(a) and (b), optimum conditions for flat 1.3 pm MQW were determined that the growth temperature was 650\"C, the V/III ratio were -200 for well and -400 for barrier. The optimum growth temperature was found to be higher compared with the case for 1.55 pm MQW (635\"C).4 The quality of the 1.3 pm compressive-strained MQW grown at these optimum conditions was evaluated by photoluminescence (PL) measurement. The MQW, which consists of 7-layered InGaAsP wells (A, = 1.29 pm, +0.6% strain, and d = 6.5 nm) and InGaAsP barriers (X, = 1.13 pm and d = 15 nm), showed the PL spectrum with as narrow as 34 meV F14 Fig. 2. The cross-sectional structure of selectively grown 1.3 pm compressive-strained InGaAsP/ InGaAsP 7MQW-LDs.","PeriodicalId":260495,"journal":{"name":"Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131040318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Light Modulator Using Franz-keldysh Effect Of GaAs","authors":"Y. Bitou, T. Minemoto","doi":"10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610765","url":null,"abstract":"demonstration, four images [Fig. 3(a)] were recorded in four different frequency channels by the ring laser. Each recording channel has 1 GHz frequency width. All the images could be recalled and performed pattern recognition serially with the ring laser. Instead of the ring laser, a pulsed laser was used for parallel pattern recognition. We could obtain superimposed correlation pattern of all the stored images simultaneously and found the bright correlation spot in the superimposed pattern as shown in Fig. 3(b), which clearly shows character ‘A’ exists at that position in at least one of four images.","PeriodicalId":260495,"journal":{"name":"Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133365213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Of Co: BaTiO/sub 3/ Optical Thin Films By Pulsed KrF Laser Depositon And In Situ Laser Annealing","authors":"A. Ito, A. Machida, M. Obara","doi":"10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610975","url":null,"abstract":"The generation of short linear and nonlinear elastic wave pulses, using ns-ps laser pulses and their detection with a cw laser or piezielectric device, is described.' From the dispersion of the propagating surface wave pulse in a layer system the density and the elastic constants (e.g., Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio) and density of soft and superhard materials such as fullerite, diamond-like and diamond films is determined, providing insight into the bonding strength and stiffness of these material^.\"^ The enhancement of the surface displacement (increase of the amplitude) of the surface acoustic wave pulses propagating in specific directions of an anisotropic single crystal such as the (112) direction on the (111) plane of GaAs is demonstrated experimentally (\"surface phonon focusing\").* The amplification effect could be modeled quantitatively using the elastic constants of GaAs. Short elastic wave pulses with surface displacements approaching the range of several hundred nanometers instead of nanometers have been excited for the first time with a special ablation technique in fused silica and Si(lll).' Nonlinear elastic parameters are derived from the nonlinear pulse shapes with steep shock fronts, which are related to the third order elastic moduli of the material. The analysis is based on an improved theory, which does not assume that the lattice displacements decay exponentially with penetration depth within the order of one wavelength. The information on nonlinear elastic behavior will lead to a better understanding of complex materials properties such as the hardness of solids. Soliton-like propagation of such nonlinear surface wave pulses has been observed for the first time.","PeriodicalId":260495,"journal":{"name":"Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133574721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development And Applications Of A Laser Writing Lithography System With Alignment Capability","authors":"F. Xu, C. Liaw, Y. Chan, Yan Zhou, Y. Lam","doi":"10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610948","url":null,"abstract":"With NH, as a nitrogen supplier, GaN can be easily formed by the laser ablation of a liquid Ga target at deposition temperatures around 600°C. Figure 4 is x-ray diffraction data for the GaN films grown on four different substrates, fused silica, BaFz(lll), Si(ll1) and o~-A1,0,(0001) with a thin ZnO film as a buffer layer. As can be seen from this figure, all of these films show a single c-axis orientation. Also, these films are all very smooth and exhibit excellent optical transparency in a visible r e g i ~ n , ~ which provide further evidence about the advantage of LTPLD in film smoothness over the solid target PLD. We have developed a novel pulsed laser deposition technique using liquid as a target. The LTPLD is advantageous over traditional solid target PLD in the prevention of target deterioration under high-power laser irradiation and the splashing of large particulates on the growing film. By choosing an appropriate liquid target and deposition temperature, we have obtained diamond/diamondlike carbon and GaN films with a surface morphology.","PeriodicalId":260495,"journal":{"name":"Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131298170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Characterization Of Differential Absorption Iidar Using Radar Perspectives","authors":"H. I. Brock, J. C. Sentell","doi":"10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610640","url":null,"abstract":"(CH,), formaldehyde (H,CO), and hydrogen chloride (HCl) is of considerable interest. Methane plays an important role in the greenhouse effect, while formaldehyde is a mediator in hydrocarbon oxidation in the troposphere. Both hydrogen chloride and formaldehyde are hazardous toxic gases that can be released in industrial processes. Methane and formaldehyde' absorption lines are available over a broad range of the midinfrared region, while hydrogen chloride has strong and isolated lines around 3.5 p,m. All three gases allow the use of a direct absorption method to measure atmospheric concentrations at the sub-ppm level in ambient air. Recently, detection of methane and carbon monoxide (CO) by diode-pumped difference-frequency generation in periodically poled LiNbO, (PPLN) was demonstrated.z,3 This method, in conjunction with a solitary or an external-cavity diode laser, can be applied to the detection of other gases by simultaneous adjustment of the diode laser wavelength and the PPLN domain grating period. Here we have applied this method to the detection and measurement of formaldehyde. A schematic diagram of the sensor configured for the detection of formaldehyde is shown in Fig. 1. The sensor consists of two compact pump sources, a 100 mW single-frequency GaAlAs diode laser at 815 nm and a 700 mW singlefrequency monolithic ring Nd:YAG laser whose output beams are overlapped in a 10 mm long PPLN crystal with a 21 p,m domain grating period. The crystal can be rotated about the optic axis to form an angle of 21 degrees between the grating k-vector and the beam within the crystal, giving an effective grating period of 22.5 p,m, as required for quasi-phase-matching. The DFG source can generate idler output powers of up to 4.7 p,W at 3.5 p,m. The idler wavelength is tunable over approximately 0.8 cm-' by the laser diode current modulation. This tuning range is sufficient for monitoring a single absorption line of formaldehyde in air at atmospheric pressure. A gas mixing and flow controlling system is used to obtain gas mixtures at sub-ppm levels from a com2861 65 2861 7","PeriodicalId":260495,"journal":{"name":"Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127242672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Femtosecond Laser Produced Plasmas And Their Application","authors":"R. Sauerbrey","doi":"10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":260495,"journal":{"name":"Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127324521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epitaxy Cr: Rb/sub x/K/sub i-x/ T:OPO/sub 4/ On","authors":"L. P. Shi, T. C. Chong, W. Hou, Z. Zhou, P. Hu","doi":"10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOPR.1997.610759","url":null,"abstract":"coefficient' is fairly constant in this temperature region. The fitted isentropic bandgaps are similar at all temperatures. The experimental points and the fitting curves are shown by the lower and upper curves at -40 and 60T, respectively, in Fig. 1 [(a) for BK7 and (b) for SF6]. Thermo-optic coefficients of SF6 and BK7 glasses are 7.86, 6.66, and 6.46; 2.54, 2.35 and 2.32 ppm/\"C at 0.85, 1.33, and 1.55 IJ-m, respectively. These optical constants are used to characterize many temperature-dependent optical parameters, namely, Abbe number, chromatic dispersions at the three optical windows and femtosecond laser pulses; and zero-dispersion wavlength. *Electrotechnical Laboratory, 1 -14 Umewno, l3ukuba 305, JAPAN","PeriodicalId":260495,"journal":{"name":"Technical Digest CLEO/Pacific Rim '97 Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124161512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}