2008 Virtual Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"BlindAid: A learning environment for enabling people who are blind to explore and navigate through unknown real spaces","authors":"O. Lahav, D. W. Schloerb, S. Kumar, M. A. Srinivasan","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625159","url":null,"abstract":"In our everyday lives the fundamental role played by sensory systems, such as vision, hearing, and touch, is often taken for granted. Most of the information for the cognitive mapping of spaces used by people who are sighted is gathered through the visual channel. Unfortunately, people who are blind or have low vision lack the ability to collect the required visual information either in advance or in-situ. Indeed, for people who are blind an unknown environment can be unpleasant, uncomfortable, and unsafe even after extensive orientation and mobility rehabilitation training. In this study we developed a new virtual environment system for people who are blind to aid them in their anticipatory exploration and cognitive mapping of unknown environments. The two main goals of the study were: (1) to develop and assess an integrated haptic and audio virtual environment system though which people who are blind can explore a virtual map of an unknown real space and (2) to study the cognitive mapping process of people who are blind when using the virtual environment. The findings supply strong evidence that interaction with the BlindAid system by people who are blind provided a robust foundation for the participantspsila development of comprehensive cognitive maps of real unknown spaces. In conjunction with these results, the userspsila performance within the virtual environment supplied an assessment tool for orientation and mobility specialists. (Supported by a grant from National Eye Institute, NIH.).","PeriodicalId":260355,"journal":{"name":"2008 Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128864577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of a tactile feedback system to aid the rehabilitation of lower-limb amputees","authors":"M. Culjat, R.E. Fan, W. Grundfest","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625126","url":null,"abstract":"A tactile feedback system, featuring pneumatically-controlled silicone balloon actuators and piezoresistive force sensors, has been developed to provide augmentative sensory feedback to lower-limb amputees. This system may potentially improve the rehabilitation of lower-limb amputees by transferring otherwise absent force information from the base of the prosthesis to pressure stimuli at the upper leg. Prior to clinical trials, various formulations of the tactile feedback system components were first tested to determine the effect of fabrication processes to system performance and reliability. A systematic evaluation of the actuatorpsilas membrane thickness, uniformity, consistency, and elasticity was conducted, and an optimized balloon actuator was formulated with robust performance based on this study.","PeriodicalId":260355,"journal":{"name":"2008 Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"276 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114246302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment and monitoring of recovery of spatial neglect within a Virtual Environment","authors":"A. Dvorkin, W. Rymer, Richard L. Harvey, Ross A. Bogey, James L. Patton","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625142","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial neglect has proven to be a significant factor limiting the success of the rehabilitation process following stroke. Current tests for neglect however have several substantial drawbacks, which often lead to a misdiagnosis of less severe cases. Further, while asymmetries of performance have been reported in the past along independent spatial dimensions, current tests are mostly limited to the horizontal dimension and do not reflect the reality of a three-dimensional world. We have previously demonstrated the feasibility of virtual reality tools for detailed assessments of attentional deficits [1]. We now provide further evidence for the sensitivity of our Virtual Environment for Spatial Neglect Assessment (VESNA) application for assessment of neglect as well as for monitoring recovery of patients. Seven stroke patients with neglect, nine stroke patients without neglect and nine age-matched healthy controls were tested on a target-detection task. Subjects were exposed to a three-dimensional virtual scene and were instructed to press a response button when they detected a target appearing within the scene. Percent of correct detection and reaction time to initiate a button press were calculated. Our results indicated significant differences between neglect patients and control subjects. All neglect patients exhibited asymmetries of performance, where their mean reaction time and detection accuracy systematically varied across space. This asymmetry was not a harsh transition but instead showed a gradual reduction of attention across the space. Importantly, while these results indicated an obvious spatial neglect for all seven neglect patients, their performance on the standard paper-and-pencil tests, administered at the day of testing, was less conclusive. A follow-up study with two of the neglect patients (10 months following the initial testing) revealed an obvious recovery pattern, showing a reduction of the spatial bias over time. By contrast, the paper-and-pencil tests showed no obvious change. Thus, we demonstrated that our paradigm provided a quantitative and more sensitive assessment and monitoring of recovery of neglect. This might provide clinicians with a more precise description of a patientpsilas deficit which will help direct training.","PeriodicalId":260355,"journal":{"name":"2008 Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121161205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Virtual Reality Lateralized Attention Test: Sensitivity and validity of a new clinical tool for assessing hemispatial neglect","authors":"A. M. Dawson, L. Buxbaum, A. A. Rizzo","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625140","url":null,"abstract":"In previous investigations, we demonstrated that a virtual reality navigation test developed in our laboratory is a sensitive and valid measure of hemispatial neglect and real-world navigation skills. In the present study we extend these results through development of a version of the test that does not rely on specialized equipment. The study aimed to replicate previous demonstrations of the sensitivity of the test, now called the Virtual Reality Lateralized Attention Test (VRLAT), to subtle attentional deficits in a larger sample of consecutively-recruited right hemisphere stroke patients, and to further enhance the testpsilas sensitivity via the addition of a new task level with moving distractors. Eighteen right-hemisphere stroke patients performed the new version of the VRLAT and a battery of standard neglect and attention tests. The VRLAT strongly predicted performance on the other neglect tasks; moreover, the VRLAT detected lateralized attention deficits in 3 patients who performed within the normal range on traditional paper-and-pencil tasks. The VRLAT is a sensitive, valid measure of lateralized attention and navigation ability, and the current version is inexpensive and easy to administer, rendering it a useful tool for clinical assessment.","PeriodicalId":260355,"journal":{"name":"2008 Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131410453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is extra-retinal information needed to control steering of locomotion in presence of a rotational optic flow?","authors":"Maxim Hanna, Joyce Fung, A. Lamontagne","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625122","url":null,"abstract":"When one changes direction or turns the head while walking, the optic flow projected at the retina is a complex pattern that consists of a translational and a rotational flow. It is not clear whether the perception of rotational vs. translational components can be extracted from the retinal flow alone or whether extra-retinal cues such as vestibular and eye/neck proprioceptive information are required. We hypothesized that active head turns, which provide an alteration in rotational optic flow and extra-retinal cues, will induce little or no change in heading direction and body segment orientation while walking, as compared to visually simulated head turns that do not provide extra-retinal cues. Nine healthy young subjects were evaluated while walking overground and viewing a large virtual room in a head-mounted display. Subjects were instructed to walk straight in the physical world while being exposed to three conditions: (1) an active head turn; (2) a visually simulated head turn; and (3) a visually simulated head turn with no target element. All three conditions had identical retinal flow, so that when the subject reached 5m of forward walking, the rotation was either at 40deg to the right or left, or at 0deg. With the visually simulated head turn, however, no extra-retinal information was present. A 10-camera Vicon system was used to acquire horizontal orientations of the head, thorax, pelvis and foot segments, as well as the computed 3D trajectories of the bodypsilas center of mass (CoM). Heading direction and body segment orientations differed between right vs. left locations of focus of expansion for the simulated head turn conditions, but not for the active head turn condition, suggesting that extra-retinal information plays a role in the control of heading direction, in addition to optic flow changes induced by virtual reality. The small amplitude of the changes observed with the simulated head turn conditions suggests that the CNS has the ability to re-weight relevant sources of information in the presence of sensory conflicts.","PeriodicalId":260355,"journal":{"name":"2008 Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131369280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining sensory reweighting in healthy elderly and in those with brain injury","authors":"J. E. Barton, E. Keshner","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625133","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the manner in which complementary and conflicting visual and physical motion signals affect postural responses in healthy elderly individuals vs. an age-matched group that had experienced cortical or subcortical strokes (stroke). Subjects stood on a motion platform located within a virtual reality environment and were asked to maintain their balance in response to different combinations of platform and visual scene motions. Stroke subjects exhibited greater linearity in their kinematic responses, and appeared to place greater reliance on visual input, even when it conflicted with platform motion. We conclude this explains why stroke subjects exhibit a less stable postural response and a greater tendency to fall than healthy subjects.","PeriodicalId":260355,"journal":{"name":"2008 Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131625451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developments in Balance assessment and intervention as a challenge for virtual rehabilitation","authors":"E. Keshner","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625117","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most pervasive disabilities is postural instability because it can arise with changes in both the central and peripheral nervous systems and in the skeletal-muscular system. In this keynote address, I will explore the role that virtual environment technology (VE) can play in the assessment and treatment of balance disorders and highlight some object lessons for virtual rehabilitation that have been learned through research in posture and balance.","PeriodicalId":260355,"journal":{"name":"2008 Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131056544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A VR-haptic locomotor system to retrain anticipatory postural adjustments post stroke","authors":"A. Oates, C. Perez, J. Fung","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625120","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to use haptic input through light contact to improve stability while walking post-stroke is investigated in a virtual environment (VE). Persons with stroke and healthy participants walk in a VE where they encounter changes in the slope of the support surface. Kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic data analyses will be used to show the anticipatory postural adjustments made leading up to and after a transition to a sloped surface. Pilot testing shows that the transition to sloped surface is more challenging for the stroke participant tested, as compared to an age-matched control. Modifications to the current protocol will improve the feasibility of not only task completion by both healthy and neurologically impaired participants, but also the ability to use and evaluate the use of haptic information for stability while walking in a VE with slope changes.","PeriodicalId":260355,"journal":{"name":"2008 Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133032879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost, at-home assessment system with Wii Remote based motion capture","authors":"S. Attygalle, M. Duff, T. Rikakis, Jiping He","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625155","url":null,"abstract":"We present an at-home assessment system for upper extremity rehabilitation with simple motion capture that is functional and affordable. This system uses lighted targets to initiate a reach to grasp (or touch, if the patient is unable to grasp) to three touch- and force-sensitive cones. During the reach, end-point reach trajectory is captured using a low-cost, custom-built infrared motion capture system using two Wii remotes. An embedded computer collects data for tracking patientpsilas progress over time. The system is a low cost way to track reaching trajectory, reaching time, reaction time and relative grasp forces. It requires minimal setup and instruction.","PeriodicalId":260355,"journal":{"name":"2008 Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128886333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-stroke training of a pick and place activity in a virtual environment","authors":"L. Dovat, O. Lambercy, B. Salman, V. Johnson, R. Gassert, E. Burdet, C. Teo, T. Milner","doi":"10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVR.2008.4625116","url":null,"abstract":"Picking up and moving small objects is one of the impaired functions stroke survivors most desire to recover. Indeed, this action is involved in many activities of daily living and is often difficult for stroke patients who have problems in (i) grasping the object, (ii) lifting the hand, and (iii) producing a straight trajectory. We have developed a ldquopick & placerdquo exercise using motivational feedback to promote recovery of these functions. This exercise consists of moving an object within a virtual environment where different parameters can be modified to increase the level of difficulty, e.g. a virtual obstacle can be placed in the middle of the workspace which forces the subject to lift the hand in order to reach a target position. The virtual environment is rendered by a Delta workstation that can accurately measure positions and generate forces. To evaluate the training with the ldquopick & placerdquo exercise, three post-stroke subjects practiced twice a week during eight weeks with the setup. The results show a significant decrease in time required to perform the task for the three subjects, while the movements become straighter with training.","PeriodicalId":260355,"journal":{"name":"2008 Virtual Rehabilitation","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129385402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}