The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society最新文献

{"title":"Butterfly Assemblages Associated with Restored Riparian Uplands: Las Vegas Wash, Nevada, USA","authors":"S. Nelson","doi":"10.18473/lepi.76i2.a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.76i2.a3","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The butterfly assemblage found at riparian upland plant restoration areas (after removal of the invasive plant, tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima Ledebour)) along Las Vegas Wash was examined over four different months. Upland areas were planted with a variety of plants, however, those with a mesquite (Prosopis spp. Linneaus) component contained additional butterfly species relative to other plots. Detrended correspondence analysis demonstrated a gradient of butterfly species that corresponded with mesquite, age of stand, and homogenous areas of tamarisk. Some potential butterfly species went undetected; perhaps because required herbaceous understory plants were absent, or the need for greater densities of the hemiparasitic mistletoe (Phoradendron) (Nutt.) which is utilized by certain butterfly species. A single plot of exotic tamarisk, the near-past dominant shrub of the Wash landscape, was examined. An incursion of the beetle Diorhabda carinulata (Desbrochers), a phytophagous tamarisk control agent, appeared to affect tamarisk nectar production along with butterfly abundance at the plot. Butterfly response to nectar at inadvertent seep areas suggests these features are important for butterfly directed landscape restoration activities. Use of a characteristic butterfly community for identifying goals for upland restoration was valuable in describing end-points that incorporated assets of natural mesquite bosques.","PeriodicalId":259893,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127506954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collections of Epiblema rudei Powell, 1975, (Tortricidae) in Utah","authors":"C. Looney, M. Murray","doi":"10.18473/lepi.76i2.a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.76i2.a8","url":null,"abstract":"In 2011 and 2013, MM collected several unknown moths during routine trapping for pest Tortricidae in a tree-fruit orchard in Utah, USA, near Utah Lake (Table 1, Fig. 1). The moths were collected in orange large plastic delta traps using Grapholita molesta pheromone lures (Pherocon OFM L2 12-week, Trécé, Adair, OK). In 2013, several of the specimens were sent to the Washington State Department of Agriculture, Olympia WA, for identification. They resembled Epiblema desertana (Zeller, 1875) and E. rudei Powell, 1975 based on wing patterns (Fig. 2), although neither species is recorded from Utah. Both species feed upon and form simple galls on the stems of Asteraceae, with E. desertana recorded from Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Salisb. in the eastern United States and Canada (Miller 1976) and E. rudei from Gutierrezia californica (DC.) Torr. & A. Gray in California (Powell 1975). Euthamia graminifolia and G. californica do not appear to be recorded from Utah, although E. occidentalis Nutt. is widespread there (Intermountain Regional Herbarium Network 2020) and G. sarothrae (Pursh) Britton & Rusby is a common and prominent shrub in the state (Welsh 1983, GBIF.org 2019). Moths were trapped again in spring 2014, and again in spring 2016 (Table 1). In October 2015, CL collected voluminous amounts of G. sarothrae from five locations in Utah (Fig. 1) and placed them in secure rearing chambers stored in a non-temperature-controlled workshop in Olympia, WA. Chambers were monitored several times per week between early April and early June, but no moths emerged. In late June we prepared to dispose of the dry and brittle plant material and discovered that eight moths had emerged from two of the collections, sometime between the second and fourth week in June, 2016 (Table 1). Based on comparison with genitalia (Fig. 3) figured in Powell (1975) and the abundance of a congeneric host plant in the collection area, we identified the moths as E. rudei. We also generated COI \"barcode\" sequences for four specimens (631-698 base pairs per sequence) and compared them with data in the BOLD systems and the NCBI databases (NCBI 1998, Ratnasingham and Hebert 2013). The identification engine on BOLD returned a 97.1–97.6 % similarity score with a single privately held specimen of E. rudei, with the next most similar sequences a series of E. desertana (~96% similarity). These scores are not supportive of a species match generally speaking (Hebert et al. 2003), although there was only a single specimen of E. rudei in the BOLD database and none in the NCBI database. Nonetheless, morphological and ecological data support the diagnosis of E. rudei.","PeriodicalId":259893,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133366357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural History of Plutella armoraciae Busck, 1912, A Sympatric Congener of the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L., 1758), in Southwestern Canada","authors":"P. Abram, J. Thiessen, P. Clarke, D. R. Gillespie, J. FERNÁNDEZ-TRIANA, A. M. Bennett, G. Gibson, J. Huber, P. Mason, J. Landry","doi":"10.18473/lepi.76i1.a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.76i1.a4","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The basic biology, seasonal ecology, and hymenopteran parasitoid community of Plutella armoraciae Busck, 1912 (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) was investigated. The study area was a dry grasslands region of interior British Columbia, Canada, where P. armoraciae feeds on the introduced mustard Sisymbrium loeselii L., 1755 (Brassicaceae) in partial sympatry with its congener, the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Sampling was conducted over five years, including one year of repeated, intensive sampling over a large region. The two Plutella species can be differentiated with morphology alone and we provide comparisons of features of the eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of each species. Plutella armoraciae was found to overwinter as eggs or early-instar larvae in S. loeselii rosettes, with adults emerging in April and May, and the first full generation each year taking place in May and June. Larvae fed within webbed flowers and buds of S. loeselii plants, giving rise to a second autumn generation of adults that laid eggs of the overwintering generation. The early summer generation of P. armoraciae larvae peaked earlier than, but partially overlapped with, the peak occurrence of P. xylostella larvae. Both Plutella species were relatively common across all surveyed sites, but not highly abundant at any site. At least two species of larval parasitoids, Diadegma insulare (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Diolcogaster claritibia (Papp) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), were shared between the two Plutella species, and a community of eight other species of parasitoids and hyperparasitoids were reared from the pupae of one or both Plutella species. The observations of D. claritibia emerging from P. armoraciae are the first records of this parasitoid from a host species other than P. xylostella. It was also discovered that one of the most important parasitoids of P. xylostella worldwide, D. insulare, appears to use P. armoraciae as an overwintering host. We hypothesize that in areas where P. xylostella is a seasonal migrant, year-round resident Plutella species such as P. armoraciae could provide important overwintering hosts and reservoirs for shared parasitoids that help to reduce populations of P. xylostella.","PeriodicalId":259893,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124438956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manuscript Reviewers for 2021 (Volume 75)","authors":"","doi":"10.18473/lepi.76i1.a11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.76i1.a11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":259893,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127235799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Species Richness and Endemism Characterize the Butterfly Fauna of Vietnam's Central Highlands (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea)","authors":"Nhat Tan Pham, Van Quang To, David J. Lohman, A. Monastyrskii","doi":"10.18473/lepi.76i1.a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.76i1.a8","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The temperature and habitat gradients of tropical mountains contribute to their high species diversity and endemism. Recent fieldwork in the Central Highlands of Vietnam has found many taxa new to science, but the area remains poorly explored. We surveyed the butterflies of Kon Ka Kinh National Park between 1999 to 2019 and noted the habitat, seasons, and freshwater availability for each transect in 2018–2019. We found a total of 368 butterfly species including 80 documented in that region for the first time in 2018–2019. Nymphalidae (41.8%) was the most abundant butterfly family, and Riodinidae was the least common. We recorded higher species richness in disturbed forests, but many of the species we document are endemic or have restricted ranges. The diverse fauna is at a biogeographic crossroads of mostly Indo-Malayan species from the south and some high elevation specialists from the north meeting along an elevational and climatic gradient. Correspondence analysis demonstrates that season and forest type are the most important environment covariates influencing butterfly abundance in this unique tropical forest. These results demonstrate that the Central Highlands of Vietnam are not only species rich, but also home to many rare and endemic species found nowhere else, making the area a conservation priority.","PeriodicalId":259893,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123326610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Egg Laying Behaviour and Larval Shelter-Construction Patterns of the Endangered Mottled Duskywing (Erynnis martialis) Butterfly's Western Population in Canada","authors":"Justis Henault, R. Westwood","doi":"10.18473/lepi.76i1.a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.76i1.a6","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The Mottled duskywing (Erynnis martialis) butterfly is endangered, living in pine forests and oak barrens in Canada and the eastern United States of America. While host plants and larval behaviour is documented in Mottled duskywing's eastern range, these life components are poorly known in Manitoba. We observed adult behaviour, host plant species used and larval foraging to better understand these biological aspects of E. martialis. We observed eggs laid exclusively on Ceanothus herbaceus, and larvae consuming C. herbaceus in leaf shelters near the periphery of plants. Early instar larvae tied leaves together with cells of silk creating partly open shelters while later instar larvae completely sealed shelters. Shelters constructed out of young leaves at the edge of plants are likely easier to digest. Later-instar larvae may nocturnally harvest food to consume in shelters during the day to reduce predation risk. Larvae were found in clearings adjacent to Pinus banksiana dominated forests, with these openings likely providing suitable microhabitats for egg development and larval feeding. We observed newly emerged adults during weeks 1 to 5 of the flight period; eggs, larvae and adults overlapped. We recommend direct observations of larval foraging—during the day and night, as well as transitions into and out of diapause—to more accurately describe their behaviour and physiology. We started to characterise microhabitats, however further research is needed. Our research may help to guide critical habitat designations, leading to successful Mottled duskywing recovery in Manitoba.","PeriodicalId":259893,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126068021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Species of Aristotelia (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae: Anomologinae) from Sandy Habitats in Colorado, Kansas, and Texas","authors":"Sangmi Lee, Richard L. Brown","doi":"10.18473/lepi.76i1.a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.76i1.a5","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. A new species of Aristotelia is proposed from sandy habitats in Texas, Colorado, and Kansas. Illustrations are provided of the imago and genitalia of the male and female.","PeriodicalId":259893,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124664849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of a Camera Trap to Monitor Male Mating Territories of the Imperiled Callophrys irus (Lycaenidae)","authors":"R. T. Meyer, Dave McElveen","doi":"10.18473/lepi.76i1.a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.76i1.a7","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Camera trap technology is now commonly used to monitor rare and cryptic species of animals. In this study, we present the first use of a camera trap to monitor the imperiled frosted elfin (Callophrys irus Godart). We placed camera traps at two male mating territories (hereafter, ‘territory’) in north Florida 25 m apart to determine 1) the efficacy of camera traps for use in determining C. irus occupancy and 2) if camera traps can be used to monitor presence of individuals within territories. We marked 15 C. irus, seven females and eight males using a colored permanent marker to identify individuals in and around two territories. After 28.9 and 30.2 trap hours across six days, only one camera detected C. irus. This camera recorded 125 instances where C. irus continually remained within range of the camera trap. Of these, 31 observations included marked individuals, 41 events contained unmarked individuals, and 53 events contained C. irus that were unable to be verified as marked or not. Individuals remained within view of the camera for an average of 95.2 seconds (± 13.93 SE). Of 15 color-marked C. irus, two were observed via camera trap, two by human observers, and one by both camera and human observer. The mean Euclidean distance of resighted individuals was 110.25m (range: 16.4–207.08 m; number of resights ranged from 1–5). This evidence suggests that cameras are unlikely to capture all C. irus activity at a patch due to their limited field of view. Human observers therefore may be necessary to augment monitoring of host plant patches. However, the utility of camera traps demonstrated here offers a valuable tool in C. irus monitoring.","PeriodicalId":259893,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133820824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Species of Pythonides (Hesperiidae, Pyrginae, Achlyodini) from the Amazon Basin of Peru and Ecuador","authors":"J. Shuey, Juan José Ramírez-Hernández","doi":"10.18473/lepi.76i1.a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.76i1.a3","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Pythonides jenmorrisae n. sp. is described from Loreto, Peru. The known distribution of the species is limited to lowland Amazonian forest on the East of the Andes from southern Peru to Ecuador.","PeriodicalId":259893,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130246138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of the Plague Caterpillar Tiracola plagiata (Walker) (Noctuidae) as a Pest of Crops in Kerala, India with New Host Plant Records","authors":"S. Kumari, T. Santhoshkumar, K. Prathapan","doi":"10.18473/lepi.76i1.a10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.76i1.a10","url":null,"abstract":"The plague caterpillar, Tiracola plagiata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), distributed throughout Asia and Oceania, is a highly polyphagous pest of fruits, vegetables, plantation crops and spices. According to Watabiki & Yoshimatsu (2021), 15 species in 14 plant families are hosts of T. plagiata. Robinson et al. (2003) have recorded T. plagiata on 52 plant genera belonging to 28 families. These include economically important crop plants such as banana, black pepper, cardamom, cocoa, dolichos bean, mulberry, rubber and tobacco. In India, T. plagiata is known as a pest of mulberry in Tamil Nadu (Sakthivel et al. 2015) and dolichos bean in Meghalaya (Firake et al. 2014). An outbreak of T. plagiata was observed in MayOctober, 2021 in Kerala in Kannur, Ernakulam, Kottayam, Pathanamthitta and Trivandrum districts (Table 1, Map 1). Field visits were carried out and host plants and the nature of damage were recorded. Field collected larvae were reared in the laboratory and adults (Fig. 3) were obtained. Identity of the pest was confirmed based on Watabiki & Yoshimatsu (2021). Voucher specimens of T. plagiata are deposited in the ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru (Accession numbers NIM/NBAIR/LEP(1-6)/71021). Field visits revealed that the caterpillars multiplied in all the five localities in large numbers on Mucuna bracteata DC. ex Kurz. (Fabaceae) (Fig. 1), a cover crop in rubber plantations, and then spread to the neighbouring crop fields. The caterpillars (Fig. 2) were observed feeding voraciously on banana, chillies, cowpea, elephant foot yam, okra, ginger, tapioca and several other economically important plants. A list of plants, on which larval feeding was observed, is given in Table 2. At Vithura, Pandalam Thekkekkara and Alakode, the population of caterpillars was so high that they even invaded homes in large numbers. At Pandalam Thekkekkara, people living near the rubber plantation had to vacate their houses temporarily as the caterpillars invaded living rooms and kitchen, besides large numbers of them ending up dead in drinking water wells. Larvae were found to totally skeletonize the leaves of tapioca (Fig. 4). They fed on the leaves and fruits of chilli (Fig. 5), okra (Fig. 6) and flowers and flower buds of rose and jasmine. Death of larvae, probably due to a Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) (Fig. 7), was observed at Alakode, Poothrikka and Vithura. Large scale predation by the common crow (Corvus splendens Vieillot), rufous tree pie (Dendrocitta vagabunda","PeriodicalId":259893,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123103291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}