Thinking Infrastructures最新文献

A Calculative Infrastructure in the Making: The Emergence of a Multi-Layered Complex for Governing Healthcare 正在形成的计算基础设施:管理医疗保健的多层综合体的出现

Thinking Infrastructures Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062004

J. Reilley, Tobias Scheytt

{"title":"A Calculative Infrastructure in the Making: The Emergence of a Multi-Layered Complex for Governing Healthcare","authors":"J. Reilley, Tobias Scheytt","doi":"10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062004","url":null,"abstract":"This study sets out to shed light on those infrastructures underlying the ubiquitous, yet contested nature of governing by numbers. Investigating the 30-year long emergence of Germany’s “external quality assurance system” for hospitals, the authors show how methods for quantifying quality align with broader institutional and ideational shifts to form a calculative infrastructure for governance. Our study focuses on three phases of infrastructural development wherein methods for calculating quality, institutions for coordinating data and reform ideals converge with one another. The authors argue that the succession of these phases represents a gradual layering process, whereby old ways of enacting quality governance are not replaced, but augmented by new sets of calculative practices, institutions and ideas. Thinking about infrastructures as multi-layered complexes allows us to explore how they construct possibilities for control, remain stable over time and transform the fields in which they are embedded. Rather than governance being enacted according to a singular goal or value, we see an infrastructure that is flexible enough to support multiple modalities of control, including selective intervention, quality-based competition and automatized budgeting. Infrastructural change, instead of revolving around crises in measurement, is shaped by incubation periods – times of relative calm when political actors, medical practitioners, mathematicians, and many others explore and reflect past experiences, rather than follow erratic reforms fads. Finally, analysing infrastructures as multi-layered constructs underlines how they produce multiple images of care quality, which not only shift existing power relations, but also change the ways we understand and make sense of public services.","PeriodicalId":259781,"journal":{"name":"Thinking Infrastructures","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126797934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Index 指数

Thinking Infrastructures Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.1108/s0733-558x20190000062024

引用次数: 0

Prospective Sensemaking and Thinking Infrastructures in a Large-Scale Humanitarian Crisis 大规模人道主义危机中的前瞻性意义和思维基础设施

Thinking Infrastructures Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062006

M. Gatzweiler, Matteo Ronzani

引用次数: 5

Indexal Thinking – Reconfiguring Global Topologies for Market-Based Intervention 索引思维——为市场干预重新配置全球拓扑

Thinking Infrastructures Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062009

Afshin Mehrpouya, Rita Samiolo

引用次数: 1

Thinking Transparency in European Securitization: Repurposing the Market’s Information Infrastructures 思考欧洲证券化的透明度:重新定位市场的信息基础设施

Thinking Infrastructures Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062011

Antonios Kaniadakis, Amany R. Elbanna

引用次数: 1

Designing Infrastructure for the Poor: Transactions Within Unstable Ecologies* 为穷人设计基础设施:不稳定生态中的交易*

Thinking Infrastructures Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062021

C. Cholez, P. Trompette

引用次数: 4

A Communication Perspective on the Fabric of Thinking Infrastructure: the Case of Social Media Analytics 思维基础结构结构的传播视角:以社交媒体分析为例

Thinking Infrastructures Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062019

F. Lambotte

{"title":"A Communication Perspective on the Fabric of Thinking Infrastructure: the Case of Social Media Analytics","authors":"F. Lambotte","doi":"10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062019","url":null,"abstract":"The digital and material traceability of our interactions in organizations are nowadays the subject of very advanced analyses through tools known as social media analytics (SMA). As thinking (infrastructure), SMA tools constitute objects to think of our digitally mediated interactions with. It produces a substratum (a new meaning) that would not exist otherwise, and enacts different types of reasoning that hypothetically influence community managers’ or members’ sensemaking of digitally mediated interactions. This chapter proposes to look behind the curtain of charts and graphs, in order to highlight the performativity of the interactions between the different machines and the traces of our digitally mediated interactions. Drawing on a detailed analysis of the fabric of SMA, this chapter highlights the explanatory power of a communication perspective on types of reasoning enacted by thinking infrastructures. First, considering the SMA tool as an editorial enunciation allows us to see it as a process implying several beings (e.g. machines, humans and logs) that are not without consequences. Second, we show that these beings have different modalities of interactions with each other, and that these modalities of interactions influence the materiality of the digital traces of past interactions. Third, throughout the process, we demonstrate the fragility and variability of their materiality. Finally, faced with the rise of a technological deterministic discourse, which tends to portray the exploitation of our digital traces as an objective way of representing the collaborative practices that make up the organization, our research aims, on the contrary, to demonstrate their relativity.","PeriodicalId":259781,"journal":{"name":"Thinking Infrastructures","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127159170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Media and the Infrastructuring of Sociality 社会媒体和社会的基础设施

Thinking Infrastructures Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062018

C. Alaimo, J. Kallinikos

{"title":"Social Media and the Infrastructuring of Sociality","authors":"C. Alaimo, J. Kallinikos","doi":"10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062018","url":null,"abstract":"Social media stage online patterns of social interaction that differ remarkably from ordinary forms of acting, talking and relating. To unravel these differences, we review the literature on micro-sociology and social psychology and derive a shorthand version of socially-embedded forms of interaction. We use that version as a yardstick for reconstructing and assessing the patterns of sociality social media promote. Our analysis shows that social media platforms stage highly stylized forms of social interaction such as liking, following, tagging, etc. that essentially serve the purpose of generating a calculable and machine-readable data footprint out of user platform participation. This online stylization of social interaction and the data it procures are, however, only the first steps of what we call the infrastructuring of social media. Social media use the data footprint that results from the stylization of social interaction to derive larger (and commercially relevant) social entities such as audiences, networks and groups that are constantly fed back to individuals and groups of users as personalized recommendations of one form or another. Social media infrastructure sociality as they provide the backstage operations and technological facilities out of which new habits and modes of social relatedness emerge and diffuse across the social fabric.","PeriodicalId":259781,"journal":{"name":"Thinking Infrastructures","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123029687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Infrastructuration: On Habits, Norms and Routines as Elements of Infrastructure* 基础设施:作为基础设施要素的习惯、规范和惯例*

Thinking Infrastructures Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.1108/S0733-558X20190000062022

P. N. Edwards

引用次数: 5

Calculative Infrastructure for Hospitals: Governing Medical Practices and Health Expenditures Through a Pricing Payment System 医院的计算基础设施:通过定价支付系统管理医疗实践和卫生支出

Thinking Infrastructures Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.1108/s0733-558x20190000062005

Pierre-André Juven

{"title":"Calculative Infrastructure for Hospitals: Governing Medical Practices and Health Expenditures Through a Pricing Payment System","authors":"Pierre-André Juven","doi":"10.1108/s0733-558x20190000062005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/s0733-558x20190000062005","url":null,"abstract":"Whereas many researchers have examined the way in which health institutions have been transformed through funding modalities, and particularly through prospective payment systems (PPS), few have investigated the architecture of these systems, that is, costs and cost variance. Focusing on the study of costs and on the production of hospital rates, this chapter shows that the French PPS, called “rate per activity” made possible what we call a policy of variance. For health policymakers, the aim was to make the different accounting figures between hospitals, and between ways of practising healthcare, visible, in order to reduce these variances. This policy was attended by uncertainty in the processes of quantification, which led to metrological controversies. As a consequence of the issues around the way of calculating costs, some accounts and calculations were redone. In this chapter, we consider the case of metrological controversy over the remuneration of costs for cystic fibrosis patients’ hospital stays, and over the action of a patient organization that criticized the costs calculated officially. It leads to the analysis of the way calculative infrastructures, as cost accounting and rates, are challenged, and how some actors try to stabilize them.","PeriodicalId":259781,"journal":{"name":"Thinking Infrastructures","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126807437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2