International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences最新文献

{"title":"The World Economy at COVID-19 Quarantine: Contemporary Review","authors":"Habtamu Legese Feyisa","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200802.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200802.11","url":null,"abstract":"Like the previous pandemics, Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is first and foremost a public health threat, but it is also, and increasingly, an economic threat. On the other hand, the economic impact of a pandemic may not be long- lasting if the underlying cause is contained quickly. Currently the world is seriously affected by COVID-19 outbreak. Considering the evolving nature of the situation, it is too early to estimate the full impact of COVID-19 on the world economy, but many articles have been published and made available to the public on the actual and potential economic consequences of COVID-19. Most of them consider the partial economic effects of COVID-19 on different economic perspectives. Therefore, the general objective of this contemporary review is to prepare the bases for future solution by collecting and analyzing the results of previous articles and contextualization’s of their needs. The result of the review depicts the significant actual and projected impacts of COVID-19 on major macro-economic variables like: economic growth, unemployment and poverty level. Besides, the review also reflects the sectoral impacts of COVID-19 on manufacturing, service, trade, tourism & aviation and education sectors of the world economy.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121466611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Effects of Information Asymmetry on Firm Performance","authors":"Anne Khatali","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200802.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200802.12","url":null,"abstract":"There is a lot of information asymmetry in the market today. Sellers in most cases have superior information over buyers and as a result beat market logistics to make as much profits as possible at the expense of buyers. Information asymmetry among market participants translate into high transaction costs and lower liquidity in the markets. Having superior information over other market participants lead to unfair competition in the market, especially in the stock markets due to insider trading. In a firm set up, I. A occurs when a manager in charge of planning and implementation of important decisions for achievement of firm’s objectives has superior information over owners, who are shareholders of the company. Managers are at discretion to make decisions without necessarily involving inputs from shareholders of the firm because they are charged with full responsibility of running affairs of the firm. This paper analyzes and tests effects of information asymmetry on firm performance at a micro-level. We analyse this paper using panel data, precisely financial statements from companies listed on the New York Stock market for a period of ten years. Using the same data we regress the model to estimate the effect level on firm performance. Fixed effects test is estimated and inference is based on significant level or p-value thus likely that less than 0.05 is rejected at a 95% confidence level, less than 0.01 is rejected at 99% confidence level and less than 0.1 is rejected at 90% confidence level. The results however show that information asymmetry is significant at 10% indicating it has effect on firm performance. However on regressing return on assets on other variables, results indicate that information asymmetry is significant at both 5% and 10% significant level.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130883518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Design of E-coupons for Directional Marketing of Two Businesses in Competitive Environment","authors":"Xiong Keyi, Yan Wensheng","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.16","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of information technology, e-coupons have shown an explosive trend in recent years. One of the biggest benefits of e-coupons is that they can achieve precise marketing, that is, they can push different coupons to different customers. Although the research on coupons has always been a hot topic, the research on e-coupons has gained increasing attention in recent years. With scant attention devoted to the research on the design of coupons for directional marketing, we investigate the design of coupon for two businesses under the competitive environment. For the old customers, the threshold reduction coupons are used, and for the new customers, the instant reduction coupons are used. Aiming at the maximization of the profits of the merchants, a coupon model for new and old customers of two merchants is built in the competitive market environment with Stackelberg games. Finally, taking two merchants with different profit as an example, the influence of competitors on the coupon delivery strategy of merchants is analyzed by Matlab program. The results show that the existence of competitors will force the merchants to further let customer and enlarge the coupon's face value to the maximum value they can bear. Overall, the study sheds light on design of e-coupons under competition and provides managers with a blueprint to improve profits by targeting shoppers with customized coupons.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128425331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financing Mechanism for Social Long-Term Care Insurance: A Theoretical Analysis Framework","authors":"Sun Jie, H. Xinyi, Jiang Yuezhu","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.15","url":null,"abstract":"The financing mechanism is an important component of social long-term care insurance, its stability and sustainability have a vital significance in keeping the healthy and efficient operation of social long-term care insurance. In order to carry out an in-depth study on the financing mechanism of social long-term care insurance, this article makes an analysis of each of the links and key points involved in the financing in accordance with the whole process of the social long-term care insurance financing and on the basis of summarizing the existing literature regarding the definition and connotation of the financing mechanism of social long-term care insurance. On such basis, it establishes the financing mechanism element framework of social long-term care insurance, by which it then explores the practices and experiences of the typical countries with social long-term care insurance and the advanced areas of China. Finally, in view of the common points and reform tendency of the construction of foreign countries’ social long-term care insurance financing mechanism, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions for the construction of China’s social long-term care insurance financing mechanism.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122164641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Distribution Strategy for Movie Product","authors":"Jingpei Ma, Wenli Li","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.14","url":null,"abstract":"Motion picture companies are increasingly providing movies online. We develop a model to examine optimal distribution strategies for the movie studio. The studio can release the movie through the traditional channel (i.e. theatre) or online channel and has to decide the distribution strategy. When the studio is vertically integrated with the exhibitor, our results indicate that in the presence of a relatively low cost of using a traditional channel, the dual-channel strategy exists and generates the highest profit. However, when the cost is relatively high, the online channel strategy becomes the best strategy. When the studio is not vertically integrated with the exhibitor, when the studio’s commission share is low, the studio will adopt the dual-channel strategy if the traditional channel cost is low and the quality difference is large. If not, the studio will adopt the online channel strategy. When the studio’s commission share is moderate, the studio will adopt the dual-channel strategy if the traditional channel cost is low and the quality difference is large, the studio will adopt the dual-channel strategy if the traditional channel cost is low and the quality difference is moderate, otherwise, the studio will adopt the online channel strategy. When the studio’s commission share is large, the studio has more motivation to adopt traditional strategy.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129646763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Fiscal Expenditures on Vulnerability to Poverty of Rural Households and Its Mechanism-based on Evidence from CHIP Data","authors":"Qinman Li","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.13","url":null,"abstract":"China's governments at all levels have played a significant role in reducing the absolute poverty through fiscal expenditure arrangements. At present, China has become the country with the strongest efforts and the most significant effect to fight against poverty in the world. However, the governance of poverty is not only simply to solve the existing poverty problem, but should take preventive measures from a certain forward-looking perspective, strengthen the family's ability to resist risks, and reduce the probability of poverty from the root cause. This paper empirically examines the impact of China's fiscal educational expenditure, fiscal social security and employment expenditure, and fiscal health expenditure on vulnerability to poverty of rural households by using the CHIP2013 micro-survey data, and analyzes its mechanisms. The vulnerability value is calculated according to the VEP method, and we identify whether the counties where the households are located are national poverty counties so as to distinguish the effects. The poverty vulnerability level of farmers in national poverty-stricken counties is significantly higher than that of non-poverty-stricken counties. The baseline regression results show that all three kinds of fiscal expenditures can significantly reduce the vulnerability of farmers. Health care expenditure has the strongest effect. Social security and employment expenditure has a stronger effect on the vulnerability of farmers in national poverty-stricken counties than non-poverty-stricken counties. Then, the explained variables are replaced with dummy variables that are vulnerable at 50% threshold, and the Probit model is used for robustness testing to prove that the baseline regression results are credible. Finally, this paper examines the mechanism by which fiscal expenditure affects the vulnerability of farmers, and verifies that it affects the vulnerability of household poverty by affecting individual employment decisions.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128434855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trade Openness for Developing Nations: A Charade or Desideratum for Viable Commodity Export Performance","authors":"Edward Ogbonnia Eleje, Okechukwu Agha Eze, Ishiaku Irom Agabi","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.11","url":null,"abstract":"Openness to trade is one basic factor spotted as major determinant of whether a country is prone to sudden stops in capital inflow, product glut, or severe economic recession. To some researchers, trade openness raises vulnerability to sudden shocks and creates difficult economic scenario; to others, it makes adjustment to crises less painful and stimulates effective economic performance. It is on the premise of the foregoing arguments that this study sought to evaluate the effect of trade openness on primary commodity export trade. To achieve this, the study utilized disaggregated oil and nonoil primary commodity export data and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from Nigeria for a period of 30 years (1989-2018). Data were first subjected to diagnostic tests aided by STATA econometric to check the presence of unit root, multicollinearity and autocorrelation. Cointegration analysis was performed using Johanson and Juselius maximum likelihood estimation. Diagnosed data were regressed to generate optimal multivariate estimators of the cointegrating parameters at 95% level of confidence. Trade openness was negative but not significant on nonoil export. It was however positive but not significant on oil export. The paper concludes that while trade openness could be permissible on oil export in Nigeria, it is a charade on nonoil export. The study therefore recommends among other things the adoption of partial openness policy in developing nations especially Nigeria such that will involve the employment of liberal trade in the oil export subsector and trade protection in the nonoil subsector respectively.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126813575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis on the Environmental Governance Efficiency of Local Governments in China and Its Influencing Factors","authors":"Qin He, Chuang Tian, Ke Gao","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200801.12","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the Three-stage DEA model and Malmquist index method are used to measure the environmental governance efficiency and total factor productivity of 113 cities in China from 2014 to 2017. The empirical results of the Three-stage DEA model show that foreign investment, industrial structure, economic development level, population density, financial pressure and other external factors do have an impact on the efficiency of environmental governance of local governments in China, and seriously underestimate the comprehensive technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of environmental governance of local governments. After eliminating the influence of environmental factors and random interference, most cities still have efficiency loss caused by ineffective management. The results of DEA Malmquist index show that the total factor productivity of environmental governance of local governments in China is less than 1 during the sample observation period, which is mainly due to the fact that the comprehensive technical efficiency has not improved and the rate of technological progress has regressed during the observation period. Provincial capital cities suffer more losses than non provincial capital cities due to inefficient resource allocation and management. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of environmental governance of local governments in China, we should first improve the efficiency of resource allocation, attach importance to the rational allocation of the scale of resources invested in environmental governance, improve the efficiency of resource allocation and use, and avoid resource waste; secondly, improve the awareness of environmental protection of local governments, and reduce Finally, increase investment in technological innovation, encourage institutional innovation, improve the rate of technological progress, and promote the improvement of total factor productivity.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128615347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Enterprise Production Management System on the Basis of Lean Production","authors":"Sedelnikova Irina, Fedorov Oleg, Y. Alla","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20190706.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20190706.15","url":null,"abstract":"The modern Russian machine industry is characterized by low efficiency and a low level of competitiveness in comparison with the foreign one. The implementation of Lean production concept in Russian industrial enterprises is one of the ways to solve this problem. The article analyzes process of improving enterprise production activities using Lean production concept. We used an Internet survey instrument to collect responses from Russian firms about the reasons for Lean production implementation. Despite a rich literature on Lean production, there are limited researches on the features of this concept implementation process in Russia. Many Russian companies allocate significant resources to implementing Lean production on the manufacturing shop floor, but underestimate the role of staff. Moreover, Lean tools are actually forced, Russian firms create atmosphere of fear that contradicts Lean idea itself. Thus in the article the role of human factor in Lean technologies implementation is considered. In the course of this research, the role of staff in Lean production implementation at six Nizhny Novgorod enterprises was analyzed. The situation turned out to be quite similar. Therefore, as an example, we consider one of the machine industry enterprises in more detail. We used a survey instrument and conducted survey of workers on the topic “Organization and management of production activities in Shop Floor N1”. The questionnaire consisted of 30 questions including both open-close and multiple choice questions. A shop floor staff survey revealed serious problems that had not been clearly identified and formulated before. We tested our hypothesis that an appeal to the employees is not a formal attribute of Lean production. We found that it is an effective tool, the use of which allows management to identify many hidden losses and eliminate them using a minimum amount of financial resources, increase staff motivation as well as maintain creative atmosphere. Overall, our research suggests that Russian companies can get more out of their Lean implementations if they change the attitude of the staff.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131841249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intercultural Adaptation Process and Its Determinants","authors":"R. Čuhlová","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20190706.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20190706.16","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing trend of international mobility has intensified intercultural communication and expanded the requirements expected from international managers. The whole expatriation process represents a costly matter for the engaged companies. Detecting determinants of the intercultural adaptation can significantly minimaze the risk of failure during the foreign assignment. Moreover, the consideration should already be given in the beginning when the selection of eligible candidates for expatriation is done. The research objective of the paper is to investigate the determinants of intercultural adaptation of expatriates with international assignment experience and consequently to understand the complexity of the adaptation process while working abroad. Firstly, theoretical background reviews previous studies on adaptation process and cultural distance, intercultural competences and motivation as important factors. Next, primary data were obtained from Czech expatriates via questionnaire regardless the country of their foreign assignment. Additionally, the final model of intercultural adaptation was developed by applying a systematic thinking approach as an appropriate method emphasizing links and backward dynamics between the elements. The model is based on interaction of six determinants; such as: intercultural competences, language skills, intercultural training, past intercultural experience, motivation and cultural distance; that were identified from primary and secondary research as the most crucial variables. The findings lead to deeper understanding of the processes and help to improve the selection process of suitable candidate for foreign assignment and the intercultural training in order to reach higher level of adjustment.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127149899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}