Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem最新文献

{"title":"An Assessment of Special Military Operations in Internal Security Management\u0000in Nigeria (1966-2019)","authors":"Muhammad Maigari Abdullahi, Usman Ahmad Karofi, Uthman Abdullahi Abdul-Quadir, Ibrahim Arafat","doi":"10.33674/120206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33674/120206","url":null,"abstract":"This article identifies different operational codenames adopted by the\u0000Nigerian military in special domestic operations from 1966-2019 and\u0000examined whether the operations were executed in line with the\u0000codenames. In Nigeria, the military has an established tradition of\u0000codenaming special operations, in both internal and foreign missions.\u0000Since 1966, the Nigerian military has been involved in internal security\u0000management and codenamed all the operations using both English and local language names. The aftermath of the first military coup d'état on\u000015th January 1966, was the beginning of military involvement in domestic\u0000security operations in addition to their constitutional responsibility of\u0000defending the territorial integrity of the country. The Effect Perspective\u0000(TEP) is adopted as the theoretical framework which gives proper\u0000nuance to the study. Methodologically, data were elicited through in-depth interviews. The findings explain why several military operations\u0000have failed to achieve the objectives of their codenames. It concludes that\u0000there is no correlation between the operational codenames and their\u0000outcomes of special military operations in Nigeria because the desired\u0000results of restoring peace have not been achieved within the specific time\u0000frame given when they were launched. The paper concludes that the\u0000majority of special military operations launched in Nigeria failed below\u0000expectations and unable to restore peace in their country in line with the\u0000operational codenames as a result of factors identified in the study.","PeriodicalId":256788,"journal":{"name":"Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133589427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty Termination on the\u0000Regional Security of Central Asia","authors":"S. Cebotari, Selena Stejaru","doi":"10.33674/120205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33674/120205","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, we have seen an aggravation of relations between the\u0000leading nuclear powers. These relations have entered a phase of\u0000irreconcilable contradictions and political problems. This paper is\u0000devoted to the problem of preserving the nuclear-free status of Central\u0000Asian countries. The study of this issue is very relevant in the context of\u0000the intensified global geopolitical struggle between Russia, China, the\u0000United States, and Iran. The authors used the method of expert survey\u0000and scenario approach to study the stated issues. Based on the data\u0000obtained, scenarios for the development of the geopolitical situation in\u0000the region under consideration were developed.","PeriodicalId":256788,"journal":{"name":"Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133787805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERMARIUM, JAKO KONCEPCJA DZIAŁAŃ HYBRYDOWYCH. WCZORAJ I DZIŚ\u0000(INTERMARIUM AS AN IDEA OF THE HYBRID WAR. IN THE PAST AND IN THE PRESENT DAYS)","authors":"K. Surdyk","doi":"10.33674/201913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33674/201913","url":null,"abstract":"Swego rodzaju rewitalizacja idei Intermarium po 1990 r., skłania do bliższego przyjrzenia się tej idei, takiej, jaką była postrzegana w okresie międzywojennym i porównania jej z obecnymi wizjami utworzenia regionu ścisłej współpracy politycznej, ekonomicznej i militarnej na obszarze pomiędzy Morzami Bałtyckim, Czarnym i Śródziemnym. Porównanie to sprzyja tworzeniu pewnych analogii pomiędzy metodami forsowania tej idei w latach dwudziestych i trzydziestych ubiegłego wieku, a realizowanymi obecnie sposobami osiągania celów polityczno-ekonomicznych z wykorzystaniem tzw. wojen hybrydowych. W artykule przedstawiono podstawowe działania wykorzystywane dla promowania koncepcji Intermarium w okresie międzywojennym, w tym uzupełniającą ją, inną wizję geopolityczną – prometeizm. Dostrzeżono pewne analogie między tymi działaniami, a realizowanymi obecnie przedsięwzięciami na obszarze Międzymorza. Scharakteryzowano te przedsięwzięcia jako elementy wojny hybrydowej. Zwrócono uwagę na sprzeczność interesów mocarstw jądrowych w tym regionie, co może prowadzić do konfrontacji. Jednak ze względu na wzajemny szantaż jądrowy konfrontacja ta ma przede wszystkim charakter hybrydowy z elementami wojen ekonomicznych, informacyjnych i dyplomatycznych. Podkreślono rolę i znaczenie służb specjalnych w tego typu działaniach.","PeriodicalId":256788,"journal":{"name":"Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115301992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTEGRATION PROCESSES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE IN THE 20TH AND 21ST CENTURIES","authors":"A. Kuź","doi":"10.33674/20197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33674/20197","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the paper is to answer the question: what is the main reason why the Central and Eastern Europe countries did not enter into fruitful and long-term cooperation both in the interwar period and after the collapse of the Soviet Union despite a far-reaching commonality of interests? Conflicts between these countries are not decisive factors in their lack of integration. The degree of integration is proportional to the degree of involvement in Central and Eastern Europe of powers that could act as an external hegemony. In the interwar period, the United States, England and France, and after 1989, the United States had the right potential to undertake such a task in its interest. None of them, however, took up such a role in the long run. Attempts to integrate the countries of Central and Eastern Europe to date, starting from the Versailles conference, indicate that the American protectorate is a necessary factor for implementing closer forms of cooperation between these countries.","PeriodicalId":256788,"journal":{"name":"Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122999266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROROSYJSKIE PORTALE INTERNETOWE W POLSCE I INNYCH KRAJACH EUROPY ŚRODKOWEJ JAKO ISTOTNY ELEMENT KSZTAŁTOWANIA PROWADZONEJ PRZEZ ROSJĘ WOJNY INFORMACYJNEJ","authors":"Olga Jastrzębska","doi":"10.33674/220187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33674/220187","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrakt:\u0000Polityka Rosji i jej obecnego prezydenta – Władimira Putina – wzbudza na świecie wiele kontrowersji, jednak z drugiej strony grupy wspierające działania państwa rosyjskiego, którego głównym celem jest odbudowa swojej silnej pozycji na arenie międzynarodowej nie są zjawiskiem rzadkim. Swoje poparcie dla działań Moskwy wyrażają poprzez środki masowego przekazu, m.in. przez internet. Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony będzie internetowym portalom, sprzyjającym polityce Moskwy, istniejącym w krajach Europy Środkowej – państw pogranicza Wschodu i Zachodu, przez długi czas będących częścią radzieckiej strefy wpływów, zaś obecnie integrujących się ze strukturami europejskimi. Praca postara się przedstawić najważniejsze treści prezentowane na tych stronach, stosunek do wzrastającego znaczenia Rosji w stosunkach międzynarodowych oraz prób odzyskania pozycji mocarstwa (m.in. odniesienie do konfliktu ukraińskiego) a także w jaki sposób te portale i ich aktywność wpływają na procesy społeczno-polityczne, istniejące w tych państwach i czy witryny te mogą być aktywnym instrumentem wykorzystywanym przez Rosję w procesie kształtowania i prowadzenia działań określanych mianem wojny informacyjnej. \u0000\u0000Abstract: \u0000The current politics of Russia and its leader Vladimir Putin is considered as very controversial, but from the other hand many groups support the actions, which are concerned on increasing the strong position of Russia at the international area. Their advocacy for its policy is showed by many means of transitions like Internet. The main focus of this article will be interested in internet portals, which promote the Russian politics which exist in Central European countries like Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia. Mentioned countries exist on sui generis borderland of East and West. They were for many years parts of Soviet sphere of influence and now try to arrange their position in West European structures. Article will try to answer which type of contents can be found on this websites, their attitude to expanding role of Russia in international relations and Moscow's attempts for recupering the superpower status (like opinion about Ukrainian conflict) and in which way these portals and their activities can influence social and political processes, which are conducted in these states. At least article will mention how described websites can be used as active instrument in the process of shaping and carrying on movements which can be called as information war.","PeriodicalId":256788,"journal":{"name":"Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem","volume":"1992 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129750873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERWENCJA FEDERACJI ROSYJSKIEJ W SYRII – STUDIUM PRZYPADKU ROSYJSKIEJ POLITYKI NA BLISKIM WSCHODZIE","authors":"D. Brążkiewicz","doi":"10.33674/220183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33674/220183","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrakt: \u0000Współczesna polityka Federacji Rosyjskiej na Bliskim Wschodzie jest elementem szerokiej strategii ukierunkowanej na cele w środowisku międzynarodowym oraz na cele wewnątrzpaństwowe. Polityka ta jest konfrontacyjna na płaszczyźnie Rosja – Zachód i stanowi koło zamachowe w dążeniu kraju do odzyskania dominującej roli w świecie. Zaangażowanie Federacji Rosyjskiej w konflikt w Syrii jest konsekwencją jej mocarstwowej polityki w zmieniającym się środowisku międzynarodowym. Głównym celem było wyeliminowanie rozwiązań USA i innych państw Zachodu w zakresie interwencji humanitarnej w Syrii. Poza tym utrzymując reżim Baszara al-Asada Federacja Rosyjska podjęła realizację własnego ładu na Bliskim Wschodzie, gdzie chce odgrywać kluczową rolę. Pomagają jej w tym Iran – wieloletni oponent USA oraz Turcja – nowy koalicjant, które mają też swoje partykularne cele w regionie. W przypadku polityki wewnętrznej, rosyjskie elity polityczne chcą utrwalić władzę populistyczną, oferując narodowi drogę dokonań państwa, szczególnie w wymiarze międzynarodowym – wskazując siłę militarną i wyższość polityczną, jako podstawowe elementy odbudowy mocarstwowej roli Federacji Rosyjskiej w świecie. Te kierunki polityki zewnętrznej i wewnętrznej dają obraz konsekwentnych, a jednocześnie zaskakujących działań Federacji Rosyjskiej na Bliskim Wschodzie.\u0000\u0000Abstract: \u0000Contemporary policy of the Russian Federation in the Middle East is an element of a broad strategy focused on international and internal purposes. This policy is confrontational at the level of Russia - the West and constitutes a flywheel in the pursuit of the country to regain its dominant role in the world. The involvement of the Russian Federation in the conflict in Syria is a consequence of its superpower policy in the changing international environment. The main goal was to eliminate the solutions of the USA and other Western countries in the field of humanitarian intervention in Syria. What is more, maintaining the regime of Bashar al-Assad, the Russian Federation has embarked on the implementation of its own order in the Middle East, where it wants to play a key role. Iran, a long-term opponent of the USA, and Turkey, a new coalition partner that also has its particular goals in the region, are the countries which help Russia in this area. In the case of domestic policy, Russia’s power elites want to consolidate populist power by presenting the nation country’s accomplishments, especially in the international dimension, indicating military strength and political superiority as the basic elements of rebuilding the superpower role of the Russian Federation in the world. These external and internal policies give a picture of the consistent and also surprising actions of the Russian Federation in the Middle East","PeriodicalId":256788,"journal":{"name":"Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128429062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NARRATIVES OF THE “OTHER” IN TIMES OF WORLDVIEW WARS: TRUE FACE, MASKED FACE","authors":"Natalia Slukhaii","doi":"10.33674/2201820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33674/2201820","url":null,"abstract":"Modern day worldview wars are distinguished by the extraordinary role that information and its suppliers play in building perceptions of war events, whether real, falsified or invented. The paper analyses the means by which modern pro-Russian media try to reach their targets in the hybrid/information war. The following narratives are specially noted as defining the current stage of the worldview war against Ukraine: narratives intending to humiliate the dignity of Ukrainian language speakers and the national idea, intending to raise malice and chagrin in speakers, intending to confuse and disorient, intending to involve into pre-meditated ideologems. As concerns linguistic means of recipient disorientation, the following are noted: simulacra, metonymies, resources of semantic-grammatical and semantic modality, logical, semantic and formal hybrids (chimeras), quotation marks and their verbal expression (the “so-called”), resources of sacral language, linguistic mind games, rhetorical questions. Receiver’s confusion is achieved by using linguistic means in a non-typical function, whereby the most common are simulacra, metonymies and the semantic-grammatical modality, and the most effective ones are hybrids of several kinds and mind games. The paper’s conclusion is that ideological tenets of old and new times presented in pro-Russian media in all their linguistic and semiotic variety are imprinted with means which are but missiles for a suggestive, non-rationally-controlled introduction and promotion of pro-Kremlin narratives.","PeriodicalId":256788,"journal":{"name":"Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129369269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CONFLICT IN DONBASS","authors":"Andrii Butyrskyi","doi":"10.33674/2201816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33674/2201816","url":null,"abstract":"The conflict in Donbass is the greatest problem of Ukraine. As a result of this conflict, Ukraine has lost a part of its territory, a lot of money etc. But it is only a part of the problem. Some problems are invisible and arise only after a certain period of time. One of these problems is internally displaced persons. The article examines the problems that arise in the practice of realization of the rights of internally displaced persons in Ukraine and outlines possible ways of further work of state authorities of Ukraine in this area. The problem of internally displaced persons is nationwide since it concerns a very large number of people and is extremely important from a political point of view. It should be noted that the state is trying to resolve this problem in every possible way, but many issues remain unsolved regarding internally displaced persons, which led to the choice of the topic of our research. Speaking about the state's efforts to resolve the problems associated with the internally displaced persons, above all, implies attempts to regulate new relations for our country at the legislative level. At the same time, the legislation of Ukraine should be harmonized with generally accepted international norms, which should include the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. Regarding the Ukrainian legislation on the internally displaced persons, at the legal level, these relations are regulated by the Law of Ukraine “On Providing Rights and Freedoms of Internally Displaced Persons” and many other by-laws. If the legal regulation of the problems of internally displaced persons is generally at an appropriate level, then in practice there are a lot of problems that range from small households to the most important ones, such as the right to vote in elections at different levels.","PeriodicalId":256788,"journal":{"name":"Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131992762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russia living from its past","authors":"I. Gama","doi":"10.33674/2201911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33674/2201911","url":null,"abstract":"Since the end of the Cold War Russia has been treated as a defeated state.\u0000Western countries usually perceive Russia not only as a defeated state but also\u0000relating it to Soviet Union. Beyond that the West has Orientalized Russia,\u0000segregating it from the “western club” of developed states. But Russia’s\u0000recovery from the collapse of the 90’s made it more assertive towards the\u0000West. It’s proposed here that this assertiveness is due to it’s orientalization,\u0000it’s inferior status perceived by the West. The inferior perception by the West\u0000has triggered a process of identity’s reconstruction which will be analyzed\u0000through a perspective of ontological security. The more Russia has it’s great\u0000power status denied, the more aggressive it becomes regarding it’s foreign\u0000policy. As the international hierarchy continues to treat Russia as that of\u0000“behind” the modern states, and the more it feels marginalized, it will double\u0000down on efforts to regain its great power status it will have to dispose power.\u0000Russia’s ontological insecurity might lead it to a path of aggressiveness.","PeriodicalId":256788,"journal":{"name":"Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130731340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Krzysztof Surdyk, Konflikt ukraiński w rozgrywkach geopolitycznych, Difin, Warszawa 2018,","authors":"Leszek Sykulski","doi":"10.33674/2201825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33674/2201825","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":256788,"journal":{"name":"Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129750889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}