{"title":"High-speed and acceleration micrometric jets induced by GHz streaming: A numerical study with direct numerical simulations.","authors":"Virginie Daru, B. Vincent, Michael Baudoin","doi":"10.1121/10.0025462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025462","url":null,"abstract":"Gigahertz acoustic streaming enables the synthesis of localized microjets reaching speeds of up to meters per second, offering tremendous potential for precision micromanipulation. However, theoretical and numerical investigations of acoustic streaming at these frequencies remain so far relatively scarce due to significant challenges including: (i) the inappropriateness of classical approaches, rooted in asymptotic development, for addressing high-speed streaming with flow velocities comparable to the acoustic velocity; and (ii) the numerical cost of direct numerical simulations generally considered as prohibitive. In this paper, we investigate high-frequency bulk streaming using high-order finite difference direct numerical simulations. First, we demonstrate that high-speed micrometric jets of several meters per second can only be obtained at high frequencies, due to diffraction limits. Second, we establish that the maximum jet streaming speed at a given actuation power scales with the frequency to the power of 3/2 in the low attenuation limit and linearly with the frequency for strongly attenuated waves. Last, our analysis of transient regimes reveals a dramatic reduction in the time required to reach the maximum velocity as the frequency increases (power law in -5/2), leading to characteristic time on the order of μs at gigahertz frequencies, and hence accelerations within the Mega-g range.","PeriodicalId":256727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"46 4","pages":"2470-2481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140763120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Lai, Mahdi Farahikia, Morteza Karimi, Zihan Liu, Yingchun Jiang, Changhong Ke, Ronald Miles
{"title":"Effect of size on the thermal noise and acoustic response of viscous-driven microbeams.","authors":"J. Lai, Mahdi Farahikia, Morteza Karimi, Zihan Liu, Yingchun Jiang, Changhong Ke, Ronald Miles","doi":"10.1121/10.0025546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025546","url":null,"abstract":"A study is presented of the thermal-mechanical noise and response to sound of microphones that are designed to be driven by the viscous forces in air rather than by sound pressure. Virtually all existing microphone designs are intended to respond to sound pressure. The structures examined here consist of thin, micro-scale, cantilever beams. The viscous forces that drive the beams are proportional to the relative velocity between the beams and fluid medium. The beams' movement in response to sound is similar to that of the air in a plane acoustic wave. The thermal-mechanical noise of these beams is found to be a very weak function of their width and length; the size of the sensing structure does not appear to significantly affect the performance. This differs from the well-known importance of the size of a pressure-sensing microphone in determining the pressure-referred noise floor. Creating microphones that sense fluid motion rather than pressure could enable a significant reduction in the size of the sensing element. Calculated results are revealed to be in excellent agreement with the measured pressure-referred thermal noise.","PeriodicalId":256727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"226 ","pages":"2561-2576"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140779598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hongquan Li, Z. Gao, Zhongchang Song, Yingnan Su, Jiang Hui, Wenzhan Ou, Jinhu Zhang, Yu Zhang
{"title":"Investigation on the contribution of swim bladder to hearing in crucian carp (Carassius carassius).","authors":"Hongquan Li, Z. Gao, Zhongchang Song, Yingnan Su, Jiang Hui, Wenzhan Ou, Jinhu Zhang, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1121/10.0025544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025544","url":null,"abstract":"The swim bladder in some teleost fish functions to transfer the sound energy of acoustic stimuli to the inner ears. This study uses the auditory evoked potential tests, micro-computed tomography scanning, reconstruction, and numerical modeling to assess the contribution of the swim bladder to hearing in crucian carp (Carassius carassius). The auditory evoked potential results show that, at the tested frequency range, the audiogram of fish with an intact swim bladder linearly increases, ranging from 100 to 600 Hz. Over this frequency, the sound pressure thresholds have a local lowest value at 800 Hz. The mean auditory threshold of fish with an intact swim bladder is lower than that of fish with a deflated swim bladder by 0.8-20.7 dB. Furthermore, numerical simulations show that the received pressure of the intact swim bladders occurs at a mean peak frequency of 826 ± 13.6 Hz, and no peak response is found in the deflated swim bladders. The increased sensitivity of reception in sound pressure and acceleration are 34.4 dB re 1 μPa and 40.3 dB re 1 m·s-2 at the natural frequency of swim bladder, respectively. Both electrophysiological measurement and numerical simulation results show that the swim bladder can potentially extend hearing bandwidth and further enhance auditory sensitivity in C. carassius.","PeriodicalId":256727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"175 3","pages":"2492-2502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140761543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Linear sweeps and the characterisation of linearly time-varying acoustical systems.","authors":"H. Hussain, G. Dutilleux","doi":"10.1121/10.0025775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025775","url":null,"abstract":"Sine sweeps are widely used as test signals in the experimental characterisation of linear and non-linear acoustical systems' responses. One of the reasons for their popularity is that their immunity against time variance is assumed to be superior to that of other types of test signals. This paper explores and quantifies the consequences of linear time variance on the characterisation of acoustical systems with linear sweeps. The first result is a novel compact closed-form expression for the spectrum of a linear sweep. Second, a similar expression for the frequency response of a linearly time-varying delay to a linear sweep is derived. Additionally, this work demonstrates the application of these expressions through a numerical investigation into the frequency response of a time-invariant bandpass filter when the measurement chain exhibits linear time variance and the attenuation between a ground-borne point source and a receiver in front of a façade under the assumption of a homogeneous atmosphere subject to realistic temperature changes.","PeriodicalId":256727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"55 11","pages":"2794-2802"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140796128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthias Echternach, F. Burk, Jonas Kirsch, L. Traser, Peter Birkholz, M. Burdumy, Bernhard Richter
{"title":"Articulatory and acoustic differences between lyric and dramatic singing in Western classical music.","authors":"Matthias Echternach, F. Burk, Jonas Kirsch, L. Traser, Peter Birkholz, M. Burdumy, Bernhard Richter","doi":"10.1121/10.0025751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025751","url":null,"abstract":"Within the realm of voice classification, singers could be sub-categorized by the weight of their repertoire, the so-called \"singer's Fach.\" However, the opposite pole terms \"lyric\" and \"dramatic\" singing are not yet well defined by their acoustic and articulatory characteristics. Nine professional singers of different singers' Fach were asked to sing a diatonic scale on the vowel /a/, first in what the singers considered as lyric and second in what they considered as dramatic. Image recording was performed using real time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with 25 frames/s, and the audio signal was recorded via an optical microphone system. Analysis was performed with regard to sound pressure level (SPL), vibrato amplitude, and frequency and resonance frequencies as well as articulatory settings of the vocal tract. The analysis revealed three primary differences between dramatic and lyric singing: Dramatic singing was associated with greater SPL and greater vibrato amplitude and frequency as well as lower resonance frequencies. The higher SPL is an indication of voice source changes, and the lower resonance frequencies are probably caused by the lower larynx position. However, all these strategies showed a considerable individual variability. The singers' Fach might contribute to perceptual differences even for the same singer with regard to the respective repertoire.","PeriodicalId":256727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"28 ","pages":"2659-2669"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140762816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A noise robust sparse time-frequency representation method for measuring underwater gas leakage rate.","authors":"Qiang Tu, Kefei Wu, En Cheng, Fei Yuan","doi":"10.1121/10.0025547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025547","url":null,"abstract":"Passive acoustic monitors analyze sound signals emitted by seafloor gas bubbles to measure leakage rates. In scenarios with low-flux gas leaks, individual bubble sounds are typically non-overlapping. Measurement methods for these bubble streams aim to estimate the frequency peak of each bubble sound, which correlates with the bubble's size. However, the presence of ocean ambient noise poses challenges to accurately estimating these frequency peaks, thereby affecting the measurement of gas leakage rates in shallow sea environments using passive acoustic monitors. To address this issue, we propose a robust measurement method that includes a noise-robust sparse time-frequency representation algorithm and an adaptive thresholding approach for detecting bubble frequencies. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method using experimental data augmented with ocean ambient noise and ship-transit noise recorded from a bay area.","PeriodicalId":256727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"50 13","pages":"2503-2516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140795900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. H. Azami, F. Forsberg, J. Eisenbrey, Kausik Sarkar
{"title":"Acoustic response and ambient pressure sensitivity characterization of SonoVue for noninvasive pressure estimation.","authors":"R. H. Azami, F. Forsberg, J. Eisenbrey, Kausik Sarkar","doi":"10.1121/10.0025690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025690","url":null,"abstract":"Subharmonic aided pressure estimation (SHAPE) is a noninvasive pressure measurement technique based on the pressure dependent subharmonic signal from contrast microbubbles. Here, SonoVue microbubble with a sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) core, was investigated for use in SHAPE. The study uses excitations of 25-700 kPa peak negative pressure (PNP) and 3 MHz frequency over eight pressurization cycles between atmospheric pressure and overpressures, ranging from 0 to 25 kPa (0 to 186 mm Hg). The SonoVue subharmonic response was characterized into two types. Unlike other microbubbles, SonoVue showed significant subharmonic signals at low excitations (PNPs, 25-400 kPa), denoted here as type I subharmonic. It linearly decreased with increasing overpressure (-0.52 dB/kPa at 100 kPa PNP). However, over multiple pressurization-depressurization cycles, type I subharmonic changed; its value at atmospheric pressure decreased over multiple cycles, and at later cycles, it recorded an increase in amplitude with overpressure (highest, +13 dB at 50 kPa PNP and 10 kPa overpressure). The subharmonic at higher excitations (PNP > 400 kPa), denoted here as type II subharmonic, showed a consistent decrease with the ambient pressure increase with strongest sensitivity of -0.4 dB/kPa at 500 kPa PNP.","PeriodicalId":256727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"379 1","pages":"2636-2645"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140757854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conducting high-quality and reliable acoustic analysis: A tutorial focused on training research assistants","authors":"Elizabeth S. Heller Murray","doi":"10.1121/10.0025536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025536","url":null,"abstract":"Open science practices have led to an increase in available speech datasets for researchers interested in acoustic analysis. Accurate evaluation of these databases frequently requires manual or semi-automated analysis. The time-intensive nature of these analyses makes them ideally suited for research assistants in laboratories focused on speech and voice production. However, the completion of high-quality, consistent, and reliable analyses requires clear rules and guidelines for all research assistants to follow. This tutorial will provide information on training and mentoring research assistants to complete these analyses, covering areas including RA training, ongoing data analysis monitoring, and documentation needed for reliable and re-creatable findings.","PeriodicalId":256727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"426 ","pages":"2603 - 2611"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140775748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mikel David Jedrusiak, Thomas Harweg, T. Haselhoff, Bryce T. Lawrence, S. Moebus, Frank Weichert
{"title":"Towards an interdisciplinary formalization of soundscapes.","authors":"Mikel David Jedrusiak, Thomas Harweg, T. Haselhoff, Bryce T. Lawrence, S. Moebus, Frank Weichert","doi":"10.1121/10.0025543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025543","url":null,"abstract":"Soundscapes have been studied by researchers from various disciplines, each with different perspectives, approaches, and terminologies. Consequently, the research field determines the actual concept of a specific soundscape with the associated components and also affects the definition itself. This complicates interdisciplinary communication and comparison of results, especially when research areas are involved which are not directly focused on soundscapes. For this reason, we present a formalization that aims to be independent of the concepts from the various disciplines, with the goal of being able to capture the heterogeneous data structure in one layered model. Our model consists of time-dependent sound sources and geodata that influence the acoustic composition of a soundscape represented by our sensor function. Using a case study, we present the application of our formalization by classifying land use types. For this we analyze soundscapes in the form of recordings from different devices at 23 different locations using three-dimensional convolutional neural networks and frequency correlation matrices. In our results, we present that soundscapes can be grouped into classes, but the given land use categories do not have to correspond to them.","PeriodicalId":256727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"301 ","pages":"2549-2560"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140776665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acoustic, phonetic, and phonological features of Drehu vowels.","authors":"Catalina Torres, Weicong Li, Paola Escudero","doi":"10.1121/10.0025538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025538","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an acoustic investigation of the vowel inventory of Drehu (Southern Oceanic Linkage), spoken in New Caledonia. Reportedly, Drehu has a 14 vowel system distinguishing seven vowel qualities and an additional length distinction. Previous phonological descriptions were based on impressionistic accounts showing divergent proposals for two out of seven reported vowel qualities. This study presents the first phonetic investigation of Drehu vowels based on acoustic data from eight speakers. To examine the phonetic correlates of the proposed phonological vowel inventory, multi-point acoustic analyses were used, and vowel inherent spectral change (VISC) was investigated (F1, F2, and F3). Additionally, vowel duration was measured. Contrary to reports from other studies on VISC in monophthongs, we find that monophthongs in Drehu are mostly steady state. We propose a revised vowel inventory and focus on the acoustic description of open-mid /ɛ/ and the central vowel /ə/, whose status was previously unclear. Additionally, we find that vowel quality stands orthogonal to vowel quantity by demonstrating that the phonological vowel length distinction is primarily based on a duration cue rather than formant structure. Finally, we report the acoustic properties of the seven vowel qualities that were identified.","PeriodicalId":256727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","volume":"166 ","pages":"2612-2626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140777738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}