西方古典音乐中抒情唱法和戏剧唱法的发音和声学差异。

Matthias Echternach, F. Burk, Jonas Kirsch, L. Traser, Peter Birkholz, M. Burdumy, Bernhard Richter
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在声乐分类的领域中,歌手可以根据其演唱曲目的分量(即所谓的 "歌手的音域")进行细分。然而,"抒情性 "和 "戏剧性 "这两个对立的词还没有很好地通过声学和发音特点来定义。九位来自不同 "歌唱家派克 "的专业歌唱家被要求演唱元音/a/的二声部音阶,首先是歌唱家们认为的抒情性演唱,其次是他们认为的戏剧性演唱。图像记录是通过实时磁共振成像(MRI)以 25 帧/秒的速度进行的,音频信号则是通过光学麦克风系统记录的。对声压级 (SPL)、颤音幅度、频率和共振频率以及声道的发音设置进行了分析。分析结果表明,戏剧性演唱和抒情性演唱有三个主要区别:戏剧性演唱与更高的声压级、更大的颤音幅度和频率以及更低的共振频率有关。较高的声压级表明声源发生了变化,而较低的共振频率可能是由较低的喉部位置造成的。然而,所有这些策略都显示出相当大的个体差异性。即使是同一位歌手,在演唱各自的曲目时,歌手的法赫也可能会造成感知上的差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Articulatory and acoustic differences between lyric and dramatic singing in Western classical music.
Within the realm of voice classification, singers could be sub-categorized by the weight of their repertoire, the so-called "singer's Fach." However, the opposite pole terms "lyric" and "dramatic" singing are not yet well defined by their acoustic and articulatory characteristics. Nine professional singers of different singers' Fach were asked to sing a diatonic scale on the vowel /a/, first in what the singers considered as lyric and second in what they considered as dramatic. Image recording was performed using real time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with 25 frames/s, and the audio signal was recorded via an optical microphone system. Analysis was performed with regard to sound pressure level (SPL), vibrato amplitude, and frequency and resonance frequencies as well as articulatory settings of the vocal tract. The analysis revealed three primary differences between dramatic and lyric singing: Dramatic singing was associated with greater SPL and greater vibrato amplitude and frequency as well as lower resonance frequencies. The higher SPL is an indication of voice source changes, and the lower resonance frequencies are probably caused by the lower larynx position. However, all these strategies showed a considerable individual variability. The singers' Fach might contribute to perceptual differences even for the same singer with regard to the respective repertoire.
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