Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Lactobacillus Strains with Probiotic Potential from Dairy Products","authors":"Olivier N. Ndaywel, Gurvitch O. Nsiala, Liévin T. Ntumba, Tatiana Banze, D. Musibono, E. Biey","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2482","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This research aims to isolate and characterize from dairy products, in particular yogurts, cultivated Lactobacillus strains with potential for use as probiotics in poultry farming. \u0000Study Design: This research consists of four parts, an introduction with literature review, a description of the materials and methods used, finally the results obtained and their discussion. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Central Veterinary Laboratory of Kinshasa, specifically in the Bacteriology and Animal Services departments, between April and September 2022. \u0000Methodology: A yogurt was cultured in order to observe the presence of Lactobacilli in the MRS (Mans, Rogosa and Sharp) Agar culture medium; this culture revealed the growth of Lactobacilli. It was even proceeded to the serial dilution of these strains, the results had also revealed the growth of Lactobacilli in the 6 test tubes used. \u0000Results: The results obtained showed a significant increase in weight (positive effect on the immune system) in the poultry of the experimental group and an absence of pathogenicity after an incubation period (inhibitory effect of strains of Lactobacilli on those of Escherichia coli and Streptococcus sp.) whereas in the control group, the poultry showed a lower weight gain compared to the experimental group and developed colibacillosis associated with other effects such as weakness, fever and angina after an incubation period. \u0000Conclusion: The positive results of Lactobacilli strains obtained in poultry in the experimental group show the potential of these strains to be used as probiotics in poultry farming to improve poultry health through the inhibitory effect of these strains on pathogenic Escherichia coli and Streptococcus sp. This opens up safe alternatives to the use of these strains to fight the misuse of antibiotics by reducing their use in human and animal care.","PeriodicalId":253461,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125349293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Storage and Disposal of Household Waste in the City of Kinshasa (Communes of Lemba, Mont-Ngafula, and Kisenso) and Awareness of Eco-Citizenship","authors":"Sylvestre Frey, Nestor K. Anzola, Diansambu Makanua","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2483","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze and describe the characteristics of household waste in the communes of Lemba, Mont-Ngafula and Kisenso in Kinshasa, while raising awareness of ecological citizenship. The study was conducted from April 17 to May 3, 2023, with a sample of 690 households, 138 randomly selected from each community. The main methods used are survey, interview and observation in the field. \u0000The results show that household waste management in the cities studied does not contribute to sustainable development. Most households use garbage cans, mainly buckets and bags, but waste sorting is rare, except in the Kindele area. The most common waste disposal methods are inappropriate local disposal and incineration. The most common methods of waste disposal are disposal in inappropriate locations and incineration. Average waste weights vary by neighbourhood, with values ranging from 8.67 kg to 13.99 kg per household. It has a significant correlation between the total weight of waste generated per household and household size. \u0000The findings of the study indicate that the state of household waste management in these cities is worrying, with adverse consequences for the environment and public health. Proposals include new laws to regulate waste management, integration of waste management into urban development plans, establishment of landfills and public awareness of sanitation rules and the principles of waste reduction, reuse and recycling. Developing effective and sustainable strategies to address household waste management in these communities in Kinshasa is crucial. The involvement of local authorities, stakeholders and citizens is essential to protect the environment.","PeriodicalId":253461,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125522896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Recovery of Urban Organic Waste: A Case Study of Composting Waste from the Mfidi Market in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo","authors":"Benjamin K. Katumbi, Gurvitch O. Nsiala, Hervé B. Ngangu, Céline F. Nyembo, E. Biey","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2480","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the methods of solid waste management in the Mfidi market in order to detect the various problems and propose strategies to fight against insalubrity. \u0000Study Design: This research consists of four parts, an introduction with literature review, a description of the study environment, the methods used and finally the results obtained. \u0000Location and Duration of the Study: This study took place in the Mfidi market in Kinshasa from January 20 to May 15, 2023. \u0000Methodology: The methodological approach was based on observation and experimentation. The quantification consisted in characterizing the waste, recovering the biodegradable organic fraction by the technique of composting. Then test the effectiveness of this compost in its application in the field. \u0000Results: This study showed that the quantity of waste at the Mfidi market varies daily between 1,580 and 4,827 kg, with an average of 3,543.8 kg. With regard to the characteristics of the waste, we note that plants and others are the most important with an average proportion of 59.5%, followed respectively by cardboard and paper (16.6%), plastics (14.6 %), metals (5.4%), textiles (2.1%) and glass (1.9%). The organic fraction was recycled into compost, whose contribution to soil fertility was justified by the growth of the species Amaranthus hubridus sp. \u0000Conclusion: The establishment of an integrated solid waste management system within the Mfidi market can guarantee sanitation conditions in this market.","PeriodicalId":253461,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"235 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133398459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessement of Geohelminth Contamination of Playground and Sanitation Compliance among Primary Schools in Akwa Ibom State’s Rural Area","authors":"E. G. Adams, L. Usip, K. Opara, E. O. Mbong, Clement Ameh Yaro, A. Asuquo","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2481","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to assess the level of geohelminth contamination in playgrounds of six Government Primary School (GPS) randomly selected within the three districts of Akwa Ibom State and also their state of compliance on sanitation in order to ensure a child-friendly learning environment. Soil samples were collected and analyzed using the zinc sulphate floatation method and the Baermann technique while sanitation facility compliance was assessed using structured checklist which was subjected to Water Access, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) grading criteria for sanitation. Out of 300 soil samples analyzed, a 22% contamination rate was recorded, with Ascaris lumbricoides being the most encountered. Toxocara canis and Taenia sp. were also encountered in the study which are associated with visceral larval migran and cysticercosis, respectively. Sanitation compliance rate recorded was 68.8% which revealed that the existing facilities in the public primary schools in the area need improvement. A high level of improper fecal disposal and also the potential risk of geohelminthiasis and zoonotic diseases among pupils in the schools were revealed in the study as such, health education and awareness is advocated alongside strategies for the provision and sustainable use of sanitation facilities in schools.","PeriodicalId":253461,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126695382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Quality of Undeveloped Spring Waters Consumed Directly by the Local Population of Kasaï (Democratic Republic of Congo)","authors":"Céline F. Nyembo, C. I. Nsimanda, E. Biey, D. Musibono","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2479","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Contribute to the assessment of the quality of undeveloped spring water consumed by the local population of the province of Kasai in the Democratic Republic of Congo. \u0000Design of the Study: This study consists of four parts, an introduction with literature review, a description of the study environment and sampling site, the materials and methods used and finally the presentation and discussion of the results obtained. \u0000Location and Duration of the Study: This study was conducted in the province of Kasai, in the villages of Kamupafu, Kabilowa, Kayonga, Kankondo, Kankala, Lunyanya and Kumbikumbi in the town of Tshikapa. The study covered the period from September 29 to October 24, 2022. \u0000Methodology: The water samples taken (27) were carried out in the laboratory according to standard procedures and a series of physico-chemical and microbiological characterization analyzes were also carried out in the field and in the laboratory. \u0000Results: Among other results obtained, it appears that the average pH was between 4.6±0.15 and 6.96±0.43; the EC between 12.91±0.51 µS.cm-1 at the Dido/Milonga spring and 26.87±3.00 µS.cm-1 at the Tshitenga spring. The turbidity, the soluble ion (NO3-, F-) and arsenic (As) contents in the water reveal that with the exception of the turbidity in the Kamitutungulu spring (10 ± 1.04 NTU), the concentration of the other elements in the water from all the springs studied complies with WHO recommendations for drinking water quality. In addition, the average values (CFU 100 mL-1) of total coliforms vary between 18 (KAMANKONDE/ROBERT) and 81 (KATOKA 3) for waters of all the springs. \u0000Conclusion: All spring waters analyzed showed microbiological contamination by bacteria indicating faecal pollution (coliforms). It’s therefore suggested that support be provided in terms of drinking water supply and hygiene by setting up village water supply structures.","PeriodicalId":253461,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131569537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Transfer Factor for Some Crops in Selected Cultivated Soils, Khidir City, Iraq","authors":"AhmedA Sharrad, Huda N. Tehewel, Hussein R. Sultan","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2478","url":null,"abstract":"The current study dealt with the activity concentrations of some radionuclides in several common plants and corresponding soils in Khidir City, Iraq. The radioactivity measurements are carried out for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in some consumable crops and their soils using gamma spectrometry with an HP germanium detector. The sampling process included 8 crops, averaging 7 samples for each plant and surrounding soils equally. The studied crops consisting of okra, onions, cucumber, tomatoes, eggplant, sweet potato, zucchini, and organic pepper showed obvious variability as follows: the activity levels of 226Ra varied from 0.16±0.1 Bq/kg (in eggplant) to 3.984±0.19 Bq/kg (in tomato), with an average of 1.57±0.14 Bq/kg. 232Th were found to be within the range of (0.023±0.01 - 2.93±0.19 Bq/kg) (in onions – in cucumber), and an average value of 0.80±0.12 Bq/kg. For 40K ranged between 87.801±2.24 Bq/kg (in cucumber) and 409.45±2.94 Bq/kg (in tomato), with an average of (273.53±2.43 Bq/kg). On the other hand, the radionuclides activity concentrations in the corresponding soils ranged between 4.644±0.24 Bq/kg, with an average of 16.124±0.50 Bq/kg for 226Ra, and from 1.315±0.11 Bq/kg to 22.783±0.61 Bq/kg, with a mean value of 8.32±0.32 Bq/kg for 232Th, and from 284.482±2.48 Bq/kg to 451.468±3.93 Bq/kg, with a mean value of 406.53±2.77 for 40K. The concentrations of 226Ra and 232Th in the plants and soil samples were lower than the permissible values reported by UNSCEAR. In contrast, the activity level of 40K exceeded the allowed level suggested by UNSCEAR. Moreover, the obtained data were statistically analyzed and discussed in detail. Furthermore, the soil-to-plant transfer factors were calculated for the crops under study. TF of 226Ra was found to be within the range of (0.056-0.143), with an average of 0.095, for 232Th ranged between 0.056 and 0.192, with an average of 0.101, while for 40K, it is found to be varied from 0.933 to 0.216, with an average of 0.669. transfer factors of all crops were lower than the unity value conducted by IAEA.","PeriodicalId":253461,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131959173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution Status of Inland Waterways Serving as Receptacles to Plastic Waste in Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"J. S. Attah, H. Stanley, F. Sikoki, O. Immanuel","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2477","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at ascertaining the physicochemical characteristics of selected water bodies receiving solid plastic waste in Rivers State, Nigeria. Surface water and sediment samples were analysed for physicochemical parameters. Water, sediment and fish samples were monitored for presence of polychlorinated bisphenols (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). All physicochemical parameters monitored in Bonny River water and sediment samples were within WHO acceptable. However, the concentrations of nitrate and phosphate (62.675 and 1.28 ppm) in New Calabar River water samples were above WHO limits of 10 and 1 ppm respectively. The Cd values (0.045-8.27 mg/l) at both locations exceeded WHO 0.003 mg/l limit. Likewise, Mn concentrations (6.02-15.5 mg/l) exceeded WHO 5.5 mg/l. Mercury (0.075-1.39 mg/l) was the lowest occurring heavy metal in the water samples but the concentration was still high enough for concern, as the possibility for bioaccumulation in fish species in the river was high. Chloride levels (318.375-423.045 mg/l) in the water samples exceeded WHO limit of 250 mg/l for drinking water. The samples also had high iron content (0.635-16.19 mg/l). PAHs concentrations (252.0155-3533.14 ppm) in the water samples far exceeded the safe level of 10 mg/l for drinking water standard. PCBs levels in all fish samples (21.56-83.08 ppm) exceeded WHO maximum limit of 0.2 mg/kg Surface water, sediment and fish sampled contained objectionable concentrations of heavy metals, PCBs and PAHs. Users of these rivers for domestic purposes are at high risk of chemical poisoning from heavy metals, PCBs and PAHs.","PeriodicalId":253461,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133954999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Audit Assessment and Evaluation of Physicochemical Parameters of Water in Haibat Mau Mawaiya, Raibareli Road, Lucknow, India","authors":"Isha Gangwar","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i2476","url":null,"abstract":"The present study deals with quantitative and qualitative analysis of water. Water is essential for life on Earth, and it has finite resources in the world. Water resources are very beneficial to humans, and beyond human uses, they have a crucial role in every living creature. Nevertheless, as the population increases and moves, the accessibility of quality and quantity of water systems declines. For quantitative analysis, a water audit was conducted in the Indrapuri colony of Haibat Mau Mawaiya locality, Lucknow, India. The water audit gives a balanced, scientific framework that classifies a system’s exclusive use of water and controls problems associated with drought, losses, leakage, and shortage. The quality of water indicates the condition of water concerning its suitability for a designated use like drinking, bathing, and so on. The qualitative analysis was done by taking several physicochemical parameters of water. If these parameters do not meet the standards, further preventive measures are required for social well-being and good economic health. Standards of water quality make sure the appropriate use of water for different purposes like drinking, industrial, irrigation, etc. For social well-being and good economic health, water quality is vital.","PeriodicalId":253461,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121112536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomisation of the Recent Trends in the Role of NGT in Fostering Sustainability and Environmental Justice in India: Challenges and Implications","authors":"P. Harigovind, P. Rakesh","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i1474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i1474","url":null,"abstract":"National Green Tribunal is a unique forum for adjudging matters relating to environmental protection, prior to which the same role was played by the higher judiciary exercising constitutional jurisdiction. Hence it is quite obvious to have a concern over the constitution of the Tribunal. The ability of the NGT to upkeep the constitutional right to safeguard the environment is to be experienced from its functioning. Crossing ten years, it is ideal for analyzing the effectiveness of NGT in achieving its mandate. Moreover, the right to environment is a fundamental right and a basic human right inspired by the international community as well as the United Nations documents. Most of the jurisprudence evolved internationally for environmental protection is now incorporated by the Supreme Court into the Indian legal system. Monitoring these fundamental guarantees is also now a promise expected from NGT, and its members are expected to be reasonably competent to upkeep these promises. Analyzing this competency of NGT over this period is significant for numerous reasons. \u0000Addressing the conflict between development and environmental protection is one of the most challenging exercises, both in administrative and in judicial terms. On a close look at the NGT, it can be seen that the role in balancing development and environmental protection is mainly done now by the NGT. The success rate of NGT in drawing the balance will be analyzed in this work. Drawing a balance between development and environmental protection is designing this country's sustainable development concept. Thus, the role of NGT in this dimension also needs to be critically assessed. \u0000In short, this article will try to conceptualize the effectiveness and pitfalls of making legislation like the NGT Act in India. This doctrinal research, with the aid of case laws of the Tribunal as well as the Constitutional Courts of India and research works and books of eminent scholars, can help understand the role played by the NGT in fostering sustainability and environmental justice in India, along with the challenges it faces.","PeriodicalId":253461,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127671837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytosociology of the Herbaceous Flora of University of Ibadan Oil Palm Plantation, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Southwest, Nigeria","authors":"O. S. Olubode","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i1475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i1475","url":null,"abstract":"Plantation agriculture perturbs native flora of ecosystems. This impacts vegetation biodiversity, through species invasion and shift in weeds population dynamics. Oil palm plantations are common in tropical landscapes, and can cause long-term floristic changes. There is paucity of knowledge on inventory and potential impacts of the plantation on community structure of plants. This study investigated herbaceous flora diversity and phytosociology as indicators of  appropriateness of management strategy in the University of Ibadan oil palm plantation. The study site is located in a lowland rainforest at the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria on 07°27`253`N latitude and longitude 03°53`427`E. A systematic sampling was employed to enumerate herbaceous flora of a hectare mega plot. The hectare was laid along 100 m transects at 10 m intervals, with 10 m separating each transect. Each transect was laid to cut across middle of 9 m x 9 m x 9 m plant spacing for oil palm. Data were collected on species composition, frequency and density for determination of relative importance value (RIV), species diversity, ordination and classification. The plantation consisted of 32 herbaceous  species in 15 plant families. Commelina erecta had the highest RIV (12.621) while Alchornea cordifolia had the least (RIV=0.288). Diversity indices indicated high species richness (Simpson Index = 0.909) among enumerated species and species co-dominance (D = 0.091) Ordination biplots indicated three distinct vegetation structures (Secondary, wetland, dryland/fallow). Classification model showed Commelina erecta had widest coverage of 92% in distribution at the site followed by Commelina benghalensis at 88%. The Oil palm plantation is heterogeneous in species composition, and was not detrimentally invaded. Weeding regimes and other agronomic practices in the plantation should be ecologically integrated to conserve its native vegetation.","PeriodicalId":253461,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132465480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}