Global Journal of Science & Engineering最新文献

{"title":"THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BRAZIL: A HEALTH AND POTENTIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT CRISIS","authors":"Harrison LOURENÇO CORRÊA, Marco ANTONIO GAYA DE FIGUEIREDO, Daniela Gallon Correa","doi":"10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2021.0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2021.0142","url":null,"abstract":"The current pandemic has caused problems in several segments. It is a health crisis, whose reflexes affect the economy, productive sectors and whose impacts also affect the environment. The encouragement of the use of masks for the general population and their improper disposal can cause, in addition to environmental impacts, aggravate the health crisis in emerging countries, like Brazil. For this reason, measures to prevent the accumulation of these residues must be adopted to avoid aggravating this pandemic and others that may arise.","PeriodicalId":253360,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123032511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE USING GRAPHENE OXIDE MEMBRANE AND ITS USAGE","authors":"R. Aditi, Aditi Sreenivas, Gayathri, Grissel Myrtle Fernandes, N. Simha, C. T. Puttaswamy","doi":"10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.131","url":null,"abstract":"With increase in the emissions of carbon dioxide gas (CO2), Global warming and climate change have become the deadliest issues to conquer and hence efforts to reduce its atmospheric concentration is made globally. In order to have a positive effect on our environment by reducing carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere, carbon dioxide capture and utilization or storage is being researched upon recently to make it more efficient and economical. In this paper, the literature survey gathers light upon the different methods of carbon dioxide capture, its advantages and disadvantages, study on membrane technology, graphene membrane properties and synthesis and suitable graphene based composite membrane for carbon dioxide capture. In this paper, capturing and usage of carbon dioxide gas is discussed along with the economics of it. Sodium chloride (NaCl) and glycerin was recovered from a process waste by-product of an industry named Cardolite for the usage of captured CO2. The purity of NaCl after recovery was determined using flame photometric estimation of Sodium ion content and titration method using Silver Nitrate for the Chloride ion content & the total purity was found. Sodium carbonate is formed by adding ammonium bicarbonate to the obtained NaCl solution which is one of the methods to form sodium carbonate from NaCl. The other method of forming sodium carbonate from NaCl is by bubbling carbon dioxide through ammoniacal brine solution. This method is highlighted in the carbon dioxide kit in which CO2 gas is filtered using membrane technology-Graphene Oxide (GO) composite membrane. Graphene oxide is prepared using modified Hummer’s method. The obtained GO was confirmed using various analytical methods viz. SEM, EDAX and XRD. The GO composite membrane is placed in the carbon dioxide capturing kit and the mixture of gases is passed through. The filtered CO2 is then tested for its concentration using gas sensors and hence process is repeated till the required efficiency. The pure CO2 is made to pass through recovered NaCl to obtain sodium carbonate Na2CO3 which can be used for commercial purposes.","PeriodicalId":253360,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130604214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TREATMENT OF METAL PICKLING EFFLUENT AND RECOVERY OF THE METAL","authors":"R. Aditi, Aditi Sreenivas, Gayathri, Grissel Myrtle Fernandes, C. T. Puttaswamy","doi":"10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.130","url":null,"abstract":"Metal pickling is a type of surface treatment, where the surface of the ferrous metals, copper, and aluminium alloys are treated with acidic media to get rid of inorganic contaminants, rust or scale formed. Hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid are popularly used for this purpose. This causes the industry to produce highly acidic metal pickling effluent which cannot be disposed directly without treatment as it is hazardous. Hence, to treat this metal pickling effluent, three methods are used which are by using hydrating lime, soda ash and the distillation method. These three methods are discussed in detail in this paper to prove which is the most cost effective and efficient method for large scale as well as small scale industries.","PeriodicalId":253360,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"5 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116818774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STRAIN–DISPLACEMENT EXPRESSIONS AND THEIR EFFECT IN DEFLECTION OF RECTANGULAR PLATE","authors":"O. Ibearugbulem, F. Onyeka, V. Balogun, J. Wasiu, S. Nnochiri","doi":"10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.002a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.002a","url":null,"abstract":"Due to enormous application of thick plate and its relevance in engineering, various theories for plate analysis have been developed using linear strain–displacement expressions. It is proven from previous studies that results obtained using linear strain–displacement expressions may be unreliable for nonlinear stress and bending analyses. In the present paper, nonlinear strain– displacement expressions are employed for rectangular plates subjected to uniform distributed loads to suggest a more reliable refined plate theory that satisfies the continuity of all of the transverse stress components. This theory, which is based on traditional third-order shear deformation theory of plate is presented and applied in a bending analysis of rectangular thick plate. Governing equations and associated boundary conditions of the theory are obtained using the principle of variational calculus. From the formulated expression, the formula for calculation of the actual critical lateral imposed load, q𝑖𝑤, on the plate before deflection reaches the specified maximum specified limit and critical lateral imposed load, q𝑖𝑝, before plate reaches an elastic yield stress were obtained. By solving using the formulated expression, the effect of deflection and crack in a mild steel rectangular plates with opposite edge clamped and the other edge simply supported (CSCS) and simply supported at first and fourth edge and clamped at second edge and free of support at third edge (SCFS) were analysed and compared. This approach overcomes the challenges of the conventional practice in the structural analysis/design, which involves checking of deflection and shear; the process which is proved unreliable. In the result of CSCS plate, the positive value of the critical lateral imposed load, q𝑖𝑤(between 31.08735 N/mm to 155.4414 N/ mm) before deflection reaches the maximum specified limit and the critical lateral imposed load, q𝑖𝑝 (between 193.8246 N/mm to 193.8246 N/mm) before mild steel plate reaches the elastic yield stress, reveals that the plate neither failed in q𝑖𝑤 nor in q𝑖𝑝 for plate span (a) of 1000mm at allowable deflection, wa of 1mm to 5mm. Also, the positive value of critical lateral imposed load q𝑖𝑤 (between 16.23992 N/mm to 81.20424 N/mm) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 q𝑖𝑝(between 115.3523 N/ mm to 115.3523 N/mm) reveals that the plate neither fail in q𝑖𝑤 nor in q𝑖𝑝 for plate span (a) of 1000mm at allowable deflection, wa of 1mm to 5mm for SCFS. This means that the plate structure is safe. It is observed that the value of q𝑖𝑝 is constant at any value of wa for SCFS plate. This means that change in specified deflection limit does not affect the overall performance of SCFS rectangular plate unlike CSCS plate. Hence, it also reveals that the values of critical lateral imposed loads q𝑖𝑤 𝑎𝑛𝑑 q𝑖𝑝 decrease as the length-width ratio increases. This continues until failure occurs. This means that increase in plate width increases the chance of failure in a plate structur","PeriodicalId":253360,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125496343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE CONNECTION BETWEEN SOME PROJECTS MANAGERS CHARACTERISTICS AND PROJECT SUCCESS IN THE UAE","authors":"Hany Rahahleh, Ghanim Kashwani","doi":"10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.009","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to classify the connection between some characteristics of project managers (PMC) that might affect project success in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The literature indicates that, despite enhancement in project managers (PM) roles, instruments, and methods, project achievements have not essentially reached by organizations. This challenge brings questions about the efficiency of some PMC to lead success. A research study was conducted in order to examine the connection between PM characteristics and project success according to collected data from different PM experts’ backgrounds that employed in variable UAE firms.\u0000\u0000A sum of 100 received surveys were studied. Correlation then multiple regression assessments were done and discovered a positive connection between PMC and its affecting factors on project success. Also, it suggested that organizations should enable PM to improve by special periodic training and decision flexibility.","PeriodicalId":253360,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116170204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DESIGN OF AN OCEAN WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER – THE PRELIMINARY STUDY","authors":"Uzair Ali, S. Dol, A. A. Azeez","doi":"10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.005","url":null,"abstract":"Wave Energy Converters (WEC) are devices that harvest the different energies that are associated with moving waves, such as kinetic energy and potential energy, and converting them into useful mechanical and electrical energies. Considering that the ocean and sea are covering around 71 percent of the earth, it is unavoidable to consider it as the main source of renewable energy. This report starts with reviewing a few of the most recent WECs. In the analysis section, it shows a device that functions using pistons to run a hydraulic motor, which then runs a generator in a system. The device is further modified by attaching a rotating mass, which is directly connected to a generator. It is a hybrid device using technologies of both the Pelamis and the Penguin. The power output calculated for the system is 177 kW, which is quiet reasonable considering the wave conditions at Fujairah’s sea shore in United Arab Emirates.","PeriodicalId":253360,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130325103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ELEMENTARY CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTHILL CLAY FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTS","authors":"S. Aluvihara, C. S. Kalpage, P. Bandaranayake","doi":"10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.003","url":null,"abstract":"Anthill clay is a distinct soil/clay genre among common soil types because of the stockpiling method. The small particles are carried in and erected an anthill by a small creature that it is called as termite. In generally, clay is a conspicuous raw material for industrial applications greatly and the assay of expediencies of anthill clay for advanced material applications were the prospects of the existing research. Carefully collected anthill clay samples were characterized under the physically and chemically using standard procedures and instruments. The mechanical characteristics of prepared bricks from anthill clays under 8000C were investigated. As the major outcomes of the existing investigation of raw clays, there were looked to 5.56 of PH value, 15% of natural moisture content, gap graded and symmetrically distributed arrangement of grains, 60% finer particle percentage (<0.075mm) according to the weight, composition of Fe, Ti, Ba and K based compounds including Fe minerals with large sorption capacity for other metals. In addition that 25% of water absorption, 2.62 of bulk specific gravity, 65% of apparent porosity, 21 MPa compressive strength and 0.4 MPa splitting tensile strength were observed with respect to the bricks which were prepared from the anthill clay. Based on the behaviors of such anthill clay it should be an influential material in the advanced material manufacturing in the industrial purposes such as the water treatments, rigid materials and refractors.","PeriodicalId":253360,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124854012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXTRACTION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENTS FROM MALABAR SPINACH FRUITS AS A POTENTIAL PHOTOSENSITIZER FOR DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL","authors":"Glennise Faye C. Mejica, Y. Unpaprom, Piyapit Khonkaen, R. Ramaraj","doi":"10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.006","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of synthetic dyes gives a better efficiency with higher durability; however, the production process of synthesizing these dyes is more complex, expensive, and involves the use of toxic materials. For these reasons, the production of such dyes can pose harm not only to humans but also to the environment. An alternative for the synthetic dyes is the natural dyes or pigment extracted from plants such as anthocyanin, carotenoid, chlorophyll and many others. These natural dyes are easily extracted from various parts of plants, such as from the fruits, flowers, leaves, and seeds. Regardless of the limited performance of natural dyes, the natural dyes exhibit advantages, including high absorption coefficients, highlight-harvesting efficiency, inexpensive, ecologically friendly, non-toxic, and are easily extractable. Moreover, this research paper is mainly focused on about extraction of anthocyanin dye pigments from Malabar spinach fruits for Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The experiment was conducted using three different methods; extraction of anthocyanin pigments from Malabar spinach fruits: a.) using pure methanol solvent, b.) using 50% methanol solvent, and c.) using 50% methanol & 1% HCl solvent, and the resulted data were 160.81 mg/L, 64.62 mg/L and 77.65 mg/L respectively. It can be concluded that the extraction of anthocyanin pigments from Malabar spinach fruits using pure methanol solvent has the highest amount of extracted anthocyanin pigment, which is 160.81 mg/L.","PeriodicalId":253360,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121875977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METHOD OF CALCULATING THE STRESSSTRAIN STATE OF FRAME STRUCTURES OF THE TRACTOR TRAILERS AT VARIOUS EXTERNAL INFLUENCES","authors":"A. Togaev, A. Shermukhamedov","doi":"10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.005a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.005a","url":null,"abstract":"In the article on an example of the tractor-trailer, a load-carrying capacity of 4 tons considers the technique for calculating the stress-strain state of the trailer frame. The comparative analysis of the results of theoretical and experimental researches is given. The calculations take into account the specific road conditions of the cotton-producing countries, which occupy four categories of road sections. The proposed method of calculation of the stress-strain state of the frame gives a good agreement with the experimental data (maximum values of stress in the range 11%) and can be used in justifying the strength parameters of tractor-trailers.","PeriodicalId":253360,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114426256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPLEMENTING A FLIPPED CLASSROOM STRUCTURE IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION BETTER SUITED TO THE INDUSTRY 4.0","authors":"Jamila El haini","doi":"10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2019.0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2019.0094","url":null,"abstract":"The fourth industrial revolution or industry 4.0 which is a consequence of the rapid change of information is characterized by ultra-connected and flexible processes in order to develop rapidly a personalized product to be utilized in a limited time. This revolution requires new competencies named the soft skills. So, the challenge for educators is to train students with the soft skills needed in the industry 4.0. This is why; I implemented the flipped classroom method with a new structure based on PowerPoint presentation for the hydraulic and pneumatic systems’ course during the first semester of the 2018-2019 academic year. The flipped course was delivered for two classes in their fourth year of engineering studies in the National\u0000School of Applied Sciences, Fez Morocco.\u0000\u0000The flipped classroom method is being implemented in a growing number of higher education institutions, but I propose a new structure which aims to improve the engineering students’ soft skills especially the lifelong learning, critical thinking, curiosity, autonomy and communication and presentation techniques in order to success in this digital age and to meet the industry 4.0 requirements. The results of an anonymous survey and a t-test are very satisfactory and show that this method has a very positive feedback from the students. For me, I can approve that this method is a rewarding teaching experience with minimum technical, technological and logistical resources, but it requires more effort from the teacher who becomes rather a coach and a facilitator.","PeriodicalId":253360,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134498633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}