Mehanization and electrification of agricultural最新文献

{"title":"https://journal.imesg.gov.ua","authors":"","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2020-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2020-11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127387699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental sample of a flow distributor of stem materials from rolls","authors":"A. Pariev, O. O. Drobishev, T. Korotchenko","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-15","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation\u0000Purpose. To create an experimental sample of the flow distributor of stem materials from rolls on the basis of the feeder type KTU-10, by development of conveyor and biter cutting working bodies of the current principle of action for small-volume separation and delivery of rolled stem forage and litter materials and the stand for laboratory researches.\u0000Methods. Analysis of existing technological schemes and technical means for grinding rolls of stem fodder. Computer programs for modeling objects of technological processes and parameters of technical means (KOMPAS 3, Mathcad, Matlab + Simulink).\u0000Results. Taking into account the shortcomings of the parameters of the existing blowers, a structural and technological scheme of the universal distributor of loose and formed into bales and rolls of stem materials was developed and an experimental sample was created on the basis of a narrow-sized KTU-10 feeder using knife sliders and sliding cutters. The equipment can grind and distribute hay and straw of any humidity in rolls, bales, and placer. The stand for laboratory researches of an experimental sample is prepared.\u0000Conclusions. The analysis of technical means for the use of rolled stem materials on cattle farms revealed that on about 1000 farms in Ukraine the distribution of stem rolled and baled materials is performed using manual labor, as special tools have high energy consumption (power – 45–95 kW), material consumption (weight – 1150–3950 kg), cost (150–450 thousand UAH) and operating costs. \u0000To solve the problem, the structural and technological scheme of the distributor of placer and rolled stem materials on the basis of the widespread KTU-10 feed distributor with the use of a new block of knife beaters of sliding cutting with inertial anti-cutting support and end feed of bales and rolls is substantiated.\u0000An experimental sample of the distributor of rolled stem materials on the basis of the small-sized distributor KTV-3.5 (KTU type) with the independent electric drive of working bodies with a power of 5.5 kW which is used for researches of laws of the updated process is developed. The stand for laboratory researches of an experimental sample is prepared.\u0000Keywords: experimental sample, rolled stem materials, working bodies, knife beaters, design and mode parameters.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115162430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing the versatility of mounting the cultivator paw stand when changing the type and condition of the soil","authors":"Sviren M. O., Chernovol V. V., Vasylkovsky O.M., Amosov V. V.","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Improving the quality of soil cultivation by changing the vibration characteristics of the cultivator paw stand depending on the type and condition of the soil.\u0000Methods. Methods of experimental field research were used.\u0000Results. Scientifically based requirements for quality indicators of technological processes of pre-sowing tillage during field tests of cultivators in difficult soil conditions of Kirovohrad region are summarized. The technical characteristics of the AK-6 universal wide-grip cultivator were analyzed. Its operational and technological assessment was carried out at the experimental field of the National Technical University. Based on the results of the evaluation, it can be concluded that all operational and technological indicators and indicators of the quality of work of the AK-6 cultivator in the unit with the T-150K tractor meet the requirements of the Technical Specifications. It is proposed to use the attachment of the cultivator stand in the form of a double-coiled spring. The vibration mechanism of the working body’s interaction with the soil reduces energy consumption for soil deformation. To reduce energy costs, a universal working body with an S-shaped elastic riser, the stiffness of which changes with the movement of the elastic element depending on the properties of the soil and the mode of movement of the cultivator, has also been developed.\u0000Conclusions. The use of a two-coil spring mounting of the cultivator rack on heavy soils, which prevail in the Kirovohrad region, increases the quality of crushing, reduces traction resistance by 14% and prevents clogging of the working body with soil and plant remains. The universal working body, which contains an S-shaped riser with an elastic element, the stiffness of which can be changed in case of a change in the type and condition of the soil, allows to achieve an increase in the quality of soil cultivation, a reduction in energy costs by 8%.\u0000Keywords: cultivator paw stand, soil condition, agrotechnical requirements, elastic element.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116716172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features in designing of the sowing device for the universal seeder of row and small-seeded vegetable cultures","authors":"V. Adamchuk, Yu. L. Kvasha Yu. L., I. Savchenko, A. Boris, P. A. Rykhlivskyi, V. Lysanyuk, Ye. B. Shynkevych","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-11","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation\u0000Puprose. Improving the sowing accuracy of small-seeded vegetable crops by improving the design of the universal pneumatic seed drill.\u0000Methods. Monographic, analytical, abstract-logical, structural modeling, design and manufacture of universal pneumatic precision seeders.\u0000Results. The indicators of the quality of work of the improved single-disc sowing machine of the pneumatic vegetable seeder of precision sowing Selena for two-belt sowing of vegetable crops (distance between the tapes – 50 mm) are determined. As a result, it was found that the mean deviation from the middle of the line is 23.6 mm, the standard deviation is 5.1 mm, the coefficient of variation is 21.6 %, average interval between seeds per 1 m – 31.1 mm, standard deviation – 18.3 mm, coefficient of variation – 58.8 %; developed recommendations for refining the design of pneumatic vegetable seeder Selena-6 and its modifications for improving the accuracy and quality of sowing of row and small-seeded vegetable crops.\u0000Conclusions. Selena experimental seeders are universal pneumatic seeders, which, in addition to sowing row crops, provide quality sowing of vegetable crops, including small-seeded ones. The introduction of advanced universal pneumatic precision seeders Selena of various modifications will allow you to work with tractors class 0.6; 0.9; 1.4 on sowing of row and vegetable crops in farms with different production volumes.\u0000The improved design of the single-disc universal pneumatic seed drill will ensure accurate sowing of small-seeded vegetable crops according to a two-lane scheme, and later a three-lane and four-lane scheme.\u0000Analyzing the accuracy of seed distribution with advanced Selena, ORIENTA and OLIMPIA sowing machines, it can be stated that the highest accuracy is provided by the OLIMPIA seed drill with a single-belt machine and additional micrometric seeders. Selena seed drills with two-belt seed sowing are about the same as the ORIENTA seed drill from Gaspardo with a three-belt seed drill with microswitches of excess seed disconnected. Indicators of the Selena seeders with seeds in two lines and the ORIENTA seeders of the company Gaspardo with a three-lines sowing apparatus with micro discards of unnecessary seeds are approximately the same.\u0000Keywords: row crops, small-seeded vegetable crops, precision sowing, universal pneumatic seeder.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116938388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ways to increase soil fertility","authors":"Yu. G. Vozhik","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Improve soil fertility Ukraine.\u0000Methods. The scientific and practical concepts of the use of natural means for the industrial production of cheap organic fertilizers in real field conditions are used in the work.\u0000Results. By analyzing the results of scientific research and practical recommendations of agricultural producers, the real ways are recommendations are made for obtaining high quality organic fertilizers using inexpensive and natural ingredients.\u0000Conclusions. It is established that the deficit of organic matter in the soils of Ukraine, which was created due to landslide reduction of animal husbandry and natural manure, is quite realistically compensated by the use, of cheap natural materials such as peat, sapropels, siderates and vegetable residues, composting them in a stationary environment. with the use of microbiological preparations. The features of the technology of their use are identified and the necessary technical means.\u0000Keywords: organic fertilizers, peat, sapropels, siderates, plant residues, microbiological preparations, composts.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125815726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental research of the quality layer treatment of seeds in agricultural crops by protective and stimulating preparations","authors":"Ratushnyy, V., K. Yu","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2019-9-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-9-5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Improving the efficiency of pesticide use by justifying rational modes operation of the working bodies treater for layer-by-layer treatment of seeds with protective and stimulating preparations.\u0000Methods. The researchers used the method of planning experiments and the experimental-calculation method.\u0000Results. Conducting laboratory and field researches of a prototype developed experimental sample for layer-by-layer treatment by crop seeds with protective and stimulating preparations, and indicators of the quality by seed treatment are determined depending on the operating modes at the working body.\u0000Conclusions. Regression equations are obtained to determine the quality layer-by-layer processing of seeds depending on the seed supply, the working fluid supply and the angular velocity by working body, on the basis of which the range of changes in the rational operating parameters by working bodies is established, which ensures the best quality of seed processing: the angular velocity of the working body is 80–120 rad/s, seed supply – 0.8–1.2 kg/s, supply of working fluid – 6–10 ml/s.\u0000Keywords: seeds, layer-by-layer processing, protective-stimulating preparations, working body, modes of operation.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129777941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The results of experimental studies of the force rolling resistance MEZ-330 “Autotractor”","authors":"S. Pogorily","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-14","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Determine the effect on the tire pressure of the wheels of the wheels and the condition of the wheelbase differential on the force of rolling resistance of the MEZ-330 “Autotractor”.\u0000Methods. The studies were conducted experimentally by measuring the force of rolling resistance of the MEZ-330 “Autotractor”. System analysis and methods of statistical processing of the obtained research results are used.\u0000Results. The prototype of the new mobile energy vehicle MEZ-330 “Autotractor” combines the characteristics of a truck and a tractor, which is used both on transport operations on solid roads and on traction and technological operations on the field. The MEZ-330 “Autotractor” has three drive bridges and tires with adjustable air pressure, so research into the force of rolling resistance for such mobile energy facilities is relevant and poorly researched.\u0000The paper presents the methodology for conducting experimental studies and presents the measuring and recording equipment for conducting the research. The researches were carried out with the prototype of the mobile power tool MEZ-330 “Autotractor”, which was developed by NSC “IАЕE” together with PJSC “AvtoKrAZ”. The studies were conducted on asphalt road and field. The test conditions and method meet the requirements of GOST 7057-2003.\u0000According to the results of experimental studies, a graphical dependence was constructed, which reflects the dependence of the rolling resistance of the tire pressure on the wheels of the wheels and the condition of the axial differential on the asphalt road and the field.\u0000Conclusions. According to the results of studies, it is found that moving the asphalt road reduces the air pressure in the tires of the wheels of the MEZ leads to an increase in the force of rolling resistance by 168%, and the field – to reduce the rolling resistance of the MEZ to 46%.\u0000When moving on paved roads, it is necessary to increase the air pressure in the tires of the wheels to reduce the rolling resistance and to avoid movement with a locked wheelbase. Moving on the field, it is necessary to reduce the air pressure in the tire wheels in proportion to the hardness of the ground and to use the interlocking differential lock to obtain high traction.\u0000Keywords: mobile power tool, motor tractor, rolling resistance, tire pressure, wheelbase, hysteresis.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128467440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofuels as an element of energy storage in the electrical supply systems of agro-industrial enterprises","authors":"Mironenko V. G.","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-18","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Creation of a reliable system of energy supply of agricultural production by accumulating energy in the form of solid biofuels from crop waste.\u0000Methods. Methods of system analysis and design of technical systems. \u0000Results. The structure of the autonomous system of electrical supply of farm premises on the basis of its own renewable energy sources. Justification of the feasibility of using solid biofuels as an element of energy storage in the conditions of agro-industrial enterprises. \u0000Conclusions\u00001. By 2035, Ukraine should increase the share of renewable energy in its total energy balance to 25%.\u00002. The most promising natural renewable energy source for Ukraine’s conditions is solar energy (up to 1500 kW٠h/m2).\u00003. Among renewable energy sources of own production, solid biofuel has significant advantages for the energy supply of agricultural facilities, the cost-output ratio of which is 1:13–17.\u00004. The use of solid granulated biofuels from crop waste as an accumulation of energy is a defining element of reliable autonomy of energy supply of farm premises. \u0000Keywords: autonomous electricity supply, renewable energy, energy storage, solid biofuels, plant waste.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124381677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact investigation from the re-introduction of Bioecofung-3 biological products on sunflower and soybean yields","authors":"Boyko A. L., Adamchuk V. V., Litvinyuk L. K., Demyaniuk O. S., Boyko O. A., Govorov O. F., Panasyuk V. I., Orlovsky A. V.","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-6","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Investigate the effect of re-introduction of biological products on the yield of sunflower and soybeans.\u0000Methods. Mikrobiological, field, analytically-experimental.\u0000Results. The report was held in the State Enterprise “DG “Olenivske” of the NSC “IAEE” (Olenivka village, Fastivskyi district, Kyiv region). At the polls vicoristali biopreparat Bioekofunge-3.\u0000The re-introduction of the biopreparation on the dormouse has increased to the beginning of the yield, and on soybeans to the right yield.\u0000Conclusins. According to the results of production studies, the re-introduction of biological products for the yield of sunflower and soybeans is established:\u00001. One-time introduction of biopreparation Bioecofunge-3 during the growing season of sunflower and soybeans provided an increase in the yield of sunflower by 21.52% and soybeans by 14.37%.\u00002. Povtornoye application after 26 days of biopreparation Bioekofunge-3 during the growing season of sunflower reduced the increase in the harvest of sunflower compared to a single application of biologics by 14.97%, for increases in yield compared to the control of 6.55%. That is this means that after repeated application of the biological product, the sunflower plant was under stress; and the re-introduction of biologics on soybeans made it possible to obtain an increase in the harvest of 23.34%. \u00003. To restore the fertility of the soil spent on sunflower cultivation, the plant residues of sunflower – 8.48 kg/m2 (84.80 t/ha), it is necessary to grind, treat stubble with a destructor and earn money in the ground.\u0000Keywords: verbatim, soil, biologics, sunflower, basket, diameter, seeds, soybeans, tubers, beans, trigeminal leaves, height, yield.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124452438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of characteristics of grain movement in the presence of dry friction forces and resistance of the environment","authors":"Kotov B. І., Stepanenko S. P., Kalinichenko R. A., Rud A. V., Hrushetskiy S. M.","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Determination of the effect of air resistance on the parameters of particle movement on rough surfaces and determination of the particle movement resistance coefficient.\u0000Methods. Based on the analysis of modern ideas about the mechanisms of the formation of hydrodynamic (aerodynamic) resistance of the environment during the movement of a solid body, the form of recording the resistance force (formalization of the resistance force) is determined, and in accordance with the accepted form of representation of the resistance force, which depends on the aerodynamic regime (Reynolds number), the equation of motion is formulated along the surface in a stationary or moving air environment according to the value of the active forces. To identify the constant coefficients of differential equations, their analytical (symbolic) solution is obtained in the form of dependences of displacement S on time t. The coefficients included in the equation are determined from the experimental data (direct measurements of S and t) from the dependences of S(t). The movement of a single particle or several connected particles along a real surface (smooth, artificially rough, perforated, etc.) of a plane inclined to the horizon at an angle α was used as a model of physical and virtual experiments. The size of the angle α changes the speed of movement of the particle and the time it stays on the plane.\u0000Results. Theoretical and experimental studies of the movement of particles of grain material along sloping surfaces (feeding device) were carried out, which made it possible to determine the characteristics of the movement of the material: speed of movement, speed of descent of the grain from the support surface, coefficients of friction and aerodynamic resistance for different groups of grain material.\u0000Conclusions. The coefficients of friction and aerodynamic resistance of the air medium determined by the proposed method make it possible to use known theoretical mathematical models to calculate the parameters of particle movement on an inclined plane with maximum accuracy.\u0000Keywords: grain material, support-slope surface, speed of grain movement, coefficient of friction, aerodynamic resistance, equation of dynamic movement of grain.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133481525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}