{"title":"The Impact of Social Security Reform on the Financial Effectiveness of the Polish Social Security Administration (Zaklad Ubezpieczen Spolecznychor ZUS)","authors":"Roman Garbiec","doi":"10.15640/ppar.v7n1a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ppar.v7n1a2","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the financial effectiveness of the Social Insurance Administration before and after the systemic reform of the Polish social insurance system in 1999. In Poland the functions of contribution collection and social benefit payment are administered and managed by an institution with over 80 years of experience i.e. the Social Insurance Administration. The changes implemented in 1999 fundamentally amended the functioning of this institution and, above all, its financial effectiveness. The completed study proved that the system reform seriously reduced the level of the Social Insurance Administration financial effectiveness, which caused an increase in the share of the state (i.e. de facto taxpayers) in maintaining its current financial status. The reform of the social security system was primarily intended to eliminate state subsidies to ZUS, but the currently implemented solutions may soon lead to its bankruptcy and the collapse of the public finance sector in Poland.","PeriodicalId":252782,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION REVIEW","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131122197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"American Muslim Community under Bush and Obama Administration","authors":"Abdullah Alshrari","doi":"10.15640/rhps.v7n2a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/rhps.v7n2a2","url":null,"abstract":"Incidents of 9/11 caused American government to shift policy towards American Muslims. The policy changes involved legislative measures. One major legislative measure was the Patriot Act. The FBI was authorized to increase the surveillance of Muslim American citizens. These measures negatively affected the Muslim American communities including restrictions on immigration rules. The political and the social environment in Bush and Obama administrations were different; the public have different views of the problem of National Security and Muslim community. Local and state government reflects to these views at the federal level specific laws such as the Patriot Act, also changed in each administration. The Muslim community is now learning to find its voice and become participant in the American society and politics. In order to understand the different impact of government policies on the American Muslim community in the post 9/11 environment, it is necessary to analyze what happened during each administration.","PeriodicalId":252782,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION REVIEW","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131685240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael O. Adams, Carroll Robinson, Anthony Johnson
{"title":"A Survey of the Texas Coalition of Black Democrats","authors":"Michael O. Adams, Carroll Robinson, Anthony Johnson","doi":"10.15640/ppar.v8n2a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ppar.v8n2a5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":252782,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION REVIEW","volume":"360 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115790709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Public Policies on Broadcast and the Fairness Doctrine: History, Effects, and Implications for the Future","authors":"Jonathan Andrew Stewart Honig","doi":"10.15640/PPAR.V7N1A1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/PPAR.V7N1A1","url":null,"abstract":"At its most root element, the media as an industry is founded on the principle of the exchange of information, whether it be a one-sided flow or a dialogue between sources. Public policy and its control over this information exchange is critical to the study of the views and opinions that shape our field of inquiry. To continue this line of reasoning would be to conjecture that how people view and interpret their world is the basis of how their everyday life interactions play out. To sum up this sort of abstract reasoning would be that the media wields an inordinate amount of influence on those it touches, connecting them to experiences far outside their realm of experience, while at the same time coloring their day to day interactions.Television itself is merely a different format in which to experience this informational exchange, one which continues to evolve. Originally known as “graphic radio,” the television was the culmination of effort between a great many inventors, and one that took on several different types of amalgamations. But over the years, television has evolved from the black-and-white models, to an ever growing variety of sizes and varieties.","PeriodicalId":252782,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION REVIEW","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133280728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implication of Ethiopian Civil Service Reforms on Performance Management","authors":"Challa Amdissa Jiru","doi":"10.15640/ppar.v8n2a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/ppar.v8n2a3","url":null,"abstract":"Ethiopian civil service is characterized by uninterrupted organizational reforms intended to improve performance through experiment with different management models. This paper analyzes changes occur in performance management system of the public sector in Ethiopia as a result of adoption of public sector reform programs. The research draws on government policy documents, legislations, reform studies, BSCbased plans, performance reports and study reports to assess the improvements achieved in transforming performance management to result oriented approach. The findings show a systematic organizational performance management with clear target, acceptable measurement and accountability for performance had never appeared in Ethiopia. Before the third phase reform in 2003, Government had given little attention to performance management; despite its key role for achieving the capacity building and enhancing performance. Since 2003 the adoption of BPR, BSC, Citizen Charter and change army have brought in to public sector principles that focus on results, but due to failure of implementation of such management tools, result oriented performance management approach that comprises goal setting, measurement and use of performance information for learning, reward and accountability was not realized in the civil service system of Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":252782,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION REVIEW","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116959775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}