D. Hock, Steffen Gebert, Matthias Hartmann, T. Zinner, P. Tran-Gia
{"title":"Pareto-optimal resilient controller placement in SDN-based core networks","authors":"D. Hock, Steffen Gebert, Matthias Hartmann, T. Zinner, P. Tran-Gia","doi":"10.1109/NOMS.2014.6838275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NOMS.2014.6838275","url":null,"abstract":"With the introduction of Software Defined Networking (SDN), the concept of an external and optionally centralized network control plane, i.e. controller, is drawing the attention of researchers and industry. A particularly important task in the SDN context is the placement of such external resources in the network. In this paper, we discuss important aspects of the controller placement problem with a focus on SDN-based core networks, including different types of resilience and failure tolerance. When several performance and resilience metrics are considered, there is usually no single best controller placement solution, but a trade-off between these metrics. We introduce our framework for resilient Pareto-based Optimal COntroller-placement (POCO) that provides the operator of a network with all Pareto-optimal placements. The ideas and mechanisms are illustrated using the Internet2 OS3E topology and further evaluated on more than 140 topologies of the Topology Zoo. In particular, our findings reveal that for most of the topologies more than 20% of all nodes need to be controllers to assure a continuous connection of all nodes to one of the controllers in any arbitrary double link or node failure scenario.","PeriodicalId":252757,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2013 25th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114170230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Load balancing of elastic data traffic in heterogeneous wireless networks","authors":"Abdul Khalid, P. Lassila, S. Aalto","doi":"10.1109/ITC.2013.6662943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITC.2013.6662943","url":null,"abstract":"Heterogeneous wireless networks have been introduced to enable cellular networks to handle the continuously increasing amount of mobile data traffic. In heterogeneous networks, the deployment of macrocells is accompanied by the use of low power pico and femtocells (referred to as microcells) in hotspot areas inside the macrocell, which increases the data rate per unit area. In this paper, we study the load balancing problem of elastic data traffic in heterogeneous wireless networks focusing on a single macrocell that is supported by a number of microcells. This results in a parallel queueing system where individual cells are modelled as single server processor sharing queues. Both static and dynamic load balancing schemes are developed to balance the data flows between the macrocell and the microcells so that the mean flow-level delay is minimized. The performance of static policies is evaluated by analytical and numerical methods, whereas for the dynamic policies, we need to resort to simulations. Our numerical experiments indicate that all dynamic policies can significantly improve the flow-level delay performance compared to the optimal static policy. Among the implemented policies, the so-called myopic policy appears to be systematically the best. However, also a much simpler policy with respect to the required state information, the modified join-the-shortest-queue policy, is able to achieve almost the same performance. In addition, we observe that the performance gain of most of the dynamic polices (including the myopic one) is at least approximately insensitive with respect to the flow size distribution.","PeriodicalId":252757,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2013 25th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129178312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wissam Chahin, Habib B. A. Sidi, R. E. Azouzi, F. Pellegrini, J. Walrand
{"title":"Incentive mechanisms based on Minority Games in heterogeneous Delay Tolerant Networks","authors":"Wissam Chahin, Habib B. A. Sidi, R. E. Azouzi, F. Pellegrini, J. Walrand","doi":"10.1109/ITC.2013.6662956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITC.2013.6662956","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we design an incentive mechanism for heterogeneous Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs). The proposed mechanism tackles a core problem of such systems: how to induce coordination of DTN relays in order to achieve a target performance figure, e.g., delivery probability or end-to-end delay, under a given constraint in term of network resources, e.g., number of active nodes or energy consumption. Also, we account for the realistic case when the cost for taking part in the forwarding process varies with the devices' technology or the users' habits. Finally, the scheme is truly applicable to DTNs since it works with no need for end-to-end connectivity. In this context, we first introduce the basic coordination mechanism leveraging the notion of a Minority Game. In this game, relays compete to be in the population minority and their utility is defined in combination with a rewarding mechanism. The rewards in turn configure as a control by which the network operator controls the desired operating point for the DTN. To this aim, we provide a full characterization of the equilibria of the game in the case of heterogeneous DTNs. Finally, a learning algorithm based on stochastic approximations provably drives the system to the equilibrium solution without requiring perfect state information at relay nodes or at the source node and without using end-to-end communications to implement the rewarding scheme. We provide extensive numerical results to validate the proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":252757,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2013 25th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121153123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of continuous feedback Markov fluid queues and its applications to modeling Optical Burst Switching","authors":"Mehmet Akif Yazici, N. Akar","doi":"10.1109/ITC.2013.6662952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITC.2013.6662952","url":null,"abstract":"Optical Burst Switching (OBS) has been proposed as a candidate technology for the next-generation Internet. In OBS, packets are assembled into a burst, and a burst control packet is sent in advance to inform and reserve resources at the optical nodes in the path of the burst. In this study, we analyze the horizon-based reservation scheme in OBS using Markov fluid queues. First, we provide a solution to continuous feedback Markov fluid queues, then we model the horizon-based reservation scheme as a continuous feedback Markov fluid queue and numerically study it. We provide numerical examples to validate our model and its solution technique as well as to obtain some insight on the horizon-based reservation mechanism.","PeriodicalId":252757,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2013 25th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116626079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maximizing streaming flows based on a novel video streaming framework","authors":"Tian Wang, W. Jia, Bineng Zhong","doi":"10.1109/ITC.2013.6662969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITC.2013.6662969","url":null,"abstract":"Video streaming is a kind of bandwidth hungry application. As a consequence, the number of streaming flows may be restricted. In this paper, a novel video streaming framework is designed, where multiple NVSs (Network Video Servers) form into a server group to collaboratively provide quality services. A novel problem - Maximum Streaming Flows (MSF), aiming to maximize the number of simultaneously online users is proposed. This problem is proved to be NP-Complete and can be simplified to MSF-2 by adding relays restriction. We design a (1 - ε) approximation algorithm, where ε is a constant which tends to be infinitesimal with the increasing number of successful streamed flows. We conduct extensive simulations to show the effectiveness of the methods proposed as compared with several traditional solutions.","PeriodicalId":252757,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2013 25th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)","volume":"249 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132000282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive routing in IP networks using SNMP link counts","authors":"Josselin Vallet, O. Brun","doi":"10.1109/ITC.2013.6662964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITC.2013.6662964","url":null,"abstract":"The high volatility of traffic patterns in IP networks calls for dynamic routing schemes allowing to adapt resource utilization to prevailing traffic. In this paper, we focus on the problem of link weight optimization in OSPF networks where the traffic is routed along shortest paths according to the link metrics. We propose an online approach to optimize OSPF weights, and thus the routing paths, adaptively as some changes are observed in the traffic. The approach relies on the estimation of traffic demands using SNMP link counts. Experimental results on both simulated and real data show that the network congestion rate can be significantly reduced with respect to a static weight configuration.","PeriodicalId":252757,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2013 25th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129884664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Information exchange surrogates for approximation of blocking probabilities in overflow loss systems","authors":"E. Wong, Jun Guo, W. Moran, M. Zukerman","doi":"10.1109/ITC.2013.6662932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITC.2013.6662932","url":null,"abstract":"Overflow loss systems are an important class of teletraffic models. Evaluation of blocking probabilities in such systems involving mutual overflow effects is a difficult problem. In the literature, decoupling a given system into independent subsystems is typically regarded as a scalable, though non-robust, approach to the problem. This paper presents a new method that is based on a radically different idea from that of the conventional approach. Firstly a surrogate model that, in a systematic way, approximately captures the state dependencies due to the overflow model is designed. Secondly it is observed that approximation of the blocking probability of the surrogate model provides a good approximation to the blocking probability in the original model. We introduce important concepts underpinning this surrogate-based approximation method, and demonstrate its effectiveness by applying it to an overflow model that incorporates mutual overflow effects common to various applications of overflow loss systems. Unlike the conventional approach that requires a fixed-point solution of the blocking probability with no guarantee of the convergence and uniqueness, our new method provides a unique solution in a fixed number of iterations. Extensive and statistically reliable experiments demonstrate that the new method yields significantly and consistently better results compared to the conventional approach, improving the accuracy by orders of magnitude in many instances and yet requiring less computational effort.","PeriodicalId":252757,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2013 25th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)","volume":"216 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114258156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal wake-up mechanism for single base station with sleep mode","authors":"Xueying Guo, Sheng Zhou, Z. Niu, P. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/ITC.2013.6662947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITC.2013.6662947","url":null,"abstract":"Base station (BS) sleeping is an effecting way to improve the energy-efficiency of cellular networks. Considering BS sleep mode operation under different scenarios, we focus on three wake-up policies: single vacation (SV) policy, multiple vacation (MV) policy and N policy. A hysteresis time is also considered to avoid frequent BS mode-changing operation. By modeling the systems as M/G/1 vacation queues, we derive two performance measures of interest, expected system response time and energy consumption per bit. The impacts of sleep mode operation parameters and setup time are also studied. In order to determine the optimal parameter settings, which allows for a flexible tradeoff between energy-efficiency and mean delay, a two-step optimization method is proposed. We numerically analyze and investigate the energy-delay tradeoff for different policies, and find that both the MV policy and the N policy have better performance than the SV policy if the sniffing cost is not considered. However, these advantages diminish when the sniffing cost increases.","PeriodicalId":252757,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2013 25th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131697796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jasper Vanlerberghe, T. Maertens, J. Walraevens, S. D. Vuyst, H. Bruneel
{"title":"A hybrid analytical/simulation optimization of Generalized Processor Sharing","authors":"Jasper Vanlerberghe, T. Maertens, J. Walraevens, S. D. Vuyst, H. Bruneel","doi":"10.1109/ITC.2013.6662960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITC.2013.6662960","url":null,"abstract":"With Generalized Processor Sharing (GPS), packets of different applications are backlogged in different queues and the different queues are served according to predetermined weights. It is well-established that GPS is a viable approach to provide different QoS for different applications. However, since the analysis of systems with GPS is a notoriously hard problem, it is not easy to find the weights that optimize GPS for some given objective function. The latter is important from a practical point of view. In this paper, we assume the objective function to be some weighted combination of (non-linear) increasing functions of the mean delays. We use results from strict priority scheduling (which can be regarded as a special case of GPS) to establish some exact theoretical bounds on when GPS is more optimal than strict priority. Some important case studies are included, thereby resorting to Monte-Carlo estimation to find the optimal weights for GPS systems.","PeriodicalId":252757,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2013 25th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)","volume":"21 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120971800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Majed Haddad, P. Więcek, E. Altman, Habib B. A. Sidi
{"title":"A game theoretic approach for the association problem in two-tier HetNets","authors":"Majed Haddad, P. Więcek, E. Altman, Habib B. A. Sidi","doi":"10.1109/ITC.2013.6662962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITC.2013.6662962","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses a Bayesian game theoretic framework for determining the association rules that decide to which cell a given mobile user should associate in LTE two-tier Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets). Users are assumed to compete to maximize their throughput by picking the best locally serving cell with respect to their own measurement, their demand and a partial statistical channel state information (CSI) of other users. In particular, we investigate the properties of a hierarchical game, in which the macro-cell BS is a player on its own. We derive analytically the utilities related to the channel quality perceived by users to obtain the equilibria. We show by means of a Stackelberg formulation, how the operator, by dynamically choosing the offset about the state of the channel, can optimize its global utility while end-users maximize their individual utilities. The proposed hierarchical decision approach for wireless networks can reach a good trade-off between the global network performance at the equilibrium and the requested amount of signaling. Typically, it is shown that when the network goal is orthogonal to user's goal, this can lead the users to a misleading association problem. Numerical results validate the expectation from the theoretical analysis and illustrate the advantages of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":252757,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2013 25th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)","volume":"266 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132999316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}