{"title":"We Have Got Credit!","authors":"Aparna Gosavi","doi":"10.38024/arpe.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38024/arpe.222","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates whether there is a gender bias in granting credit for businesses from Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa. It is first necessary to determine whether firms are credit-constrained. In order to identify the status of the firms with respect to credit, two recently introduced methods that can identify the credit-constrained status of firms are used. The paper uses World Bank’s Enterprise Survey Program data set from 2013 to investigate this question. The empirical results obtained, after controlling for a large number of firm-level characteristics and using country-level dummies, reveal that female-owned firms appear to have more access to credit than their male counterparts. The paper also shows that the female-owned firms in the region finance their capital according to the Pecking Order Hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":252052,"journal":{"name":"American Review of Political Economy","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126935201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Trinity 2.0 Arrangement of Sraffa Papers Section D3/12: Notes on Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities","authors":"Scott A. Carter","doi":"10.38024/arpe.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38024/arpe.219","url":null,"abstract":"With the uploading of the digital images on the Wren website in their raw form, Sraffa’s wishes are being honored and respected. However, there is a downside to this too in that the material as it appears is vastly disorganized in terms of its structure, conceptual clarity, and analytical cogency. It is to the provision of this much-needed clarity and cogency that the pages below are directed. This takes the form of the Trinity 2.0 arrangement of Sraffa’s archival material, primarily an online endeavor that, beginning with the “mass of old notes” used in preparation of PCMC (archived at D3/12), organically interfaces the different conventions that have heretofore been applied to the material. This develops a complementary co-convention which renders Sraffa’s archival material better prepared for scientific study. \u0000\u0000Deep study of the archive requires that not only the individual pages written be studied, but also that the overall structure and content of the material be understood and contextualized. This is especially important for a scholar whose archival legacy is as rich and whose theoretical foundations as robust as Sraffa’s. The Trinity 2.0 arrangement attempts to provide this much needed structure and context by viewing the entirety of the material as a complete organic text and organizing upon this foundation. To date, Trinity 2.0 has been developed for the first 102 of the 115 files in Wren Trinity Sections D3/12 Sraffa’s Notes on PCMC, as well as Section D2/4 which contain Sraffa’s Lecture Notes on the Advanced Theory of Value given in 1928-31.","PeriodicalId":252052,"journal":{"name":"American Review of Political Economy","volume":"57 32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133800806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sharpening Differences in Orthodox and Heterodox Views on Money and Banking","authors":"Romar Correa","doi":"10.38024/arpe.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38024/arpe.220","url":null,"abstract":"We engage with David Andolfatto (2018) on the theme. The two approaches are alleged to have converged in regarding banks as creators of money in the process of initiating lending. We synthesise insights from different factions of the French camp of political economy to make the case that heterodoxy is richer than this claim. Money as an asset-liability is the wage fund in the “first moment” of the monetary circuit. The accumulation of capital is the “second moment” in the sequence, recorded in a separate account at the bank or supported by a financial institution. The “third moment” is the closing of the accounts of demands and supplies generated by the first two moments. Régulation Theory is a related internally-consistent conceptual structure which tracks modes of production as they evolve in history. We dwell on the constructive aspects of the programme as scholars stitch together elements of the present and develop an apparatus to grapple with the emerging new regime of production and distribution. The private sector and state are joined and the bank-central bank is a continuum. Finally, the class structure in the heterodox approach goes deeper than agent heterogeneity.","PeriodicalId":252052,"journal":{"name":"American Review of Political Economy","volume":"465 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115974222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economic Impact of Border Tax to Exchange Rate and Balance of Trade","authors":"Rolando A. Santos","doi":"10.38024/arpe.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38024/arpe.182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":252052,"journal":{"name":"American Review of Political Economy","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126087675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shaky Fundamentals and Economics ‘Science’","authors":"John T. McDermott","doi":"10.38024/arpe.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38024/arpe.160","url":null,"abstract":"The counter scientific character of the reigning mainstream Neo-Classical Economics is demonstrated under 7 headings, variously factual, methodological, including mathematical, and historical.","PeriodicalId":252052,"journal":{"name":"American Review of Political Economy","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127435483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comments on Pluralism and Economics 10 Years after the Crisis and 200 years after Marx’s birth","authors":"W. Waller","doi":"10.38024/arpe.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38024/arpe.153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":252052,"journal":{"name":"American Review of Political Economy","volume":"574 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121017764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Embracing Pluralism for Keeping Economics Relevant? Introductory Courses Could Pave the Way","authors":"S. Mukherjee","doi":"10.38024/arpe.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38024/arpe.158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":252052,"journal":{"name":"American Review of Political Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129748320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Toward a Coherent Framework for Pluralism and Economics","authors":"A. Shaikh","doi":"10.38024/arpe.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38024/arpe.155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":252052,"journal":{"name":"American Review of Political Economy","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121327191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Institutions and Consistent Corruption","authors":"","doi":"10.38024/arpe.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38024/arpe.156","url":null,"abstract":"Original Institutional Economics (OIE), and other non-mainstream economics paradigms, tend to look holistically at socioeconomic behavior. From the OIE perspective, a society’s institutions, the implicit and explicit rules governing behaviors, are expected to shape individual and social behavior. Broadly defined, corrupt behavior can be found anywhere, at any time, but evidence suggests that, in some countries, corrupt behavior is more ubiquitous than in others indicating that corruption has become institutionalized. This paper analyzes two groups of countries: one group in which the level of corruption has been consistently perceived to be low and another in which the level of corruption has been consistently perceived to be high. Several social/institutional indicators are examined to see which, if any, institutional characteristics vary across the two groups. The research is exploratory and its purpose is to gain insight into social/institutional conditions that may discourage or encourage consistent corruption.","PeriodicalId":252052,"journal":{"name":"American Review of Political Economy","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128767792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Capital as Value in Motion and Boundless Accumulation A Review of David Harvey’s (2017). Marx, Capital, and the Madness of Economic Reason, Oxford University Press. 252 pages.","authors":"M. Murray","doi":"10.38024/arpe.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38024/arpe.216","url":null,"abstract":"Book review of Harvey, David (2018). Marx, Capital, and the Madness of Economic Reason, Oxford University Press.","PeriodicalId":252052,"journal":{"name":"American Review of Political Economy","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121410828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}