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ROMANIAN RESILIENCE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SECURITY SECTORS IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD 从全球化世界安全部门的角度看罗马尼亚的复原力
Strategic Impact Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.53477/1842-9904-23-19
Mirela Atanasiu
{"title":"ROMANIAN RESILIENCE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SECURITY SECTORS IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD","authors":"Mirela Atanasiu","doi":"10.53477/1842-9904-23-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1842-9904-23-19","url":null,"abstract":"States are constantly in search of security, but the current multiple globalized crises (sanitary, economic, societal, but also political) overlapping in an international context already affected by hybrid threats and military aggressions does not facilitate the pursuit to achieve this goal. UN, NATO and the EU have proven that building resilience is a good solution to increase the security level of organizations. Therefore, also states’ security policies have gradually become more focused to provide resilience to its subsequent sectors and dimensions. In this study, there will be presented a few resilience indicators and practices at the level of national security of Romania, with an emphasis on the security sectors through the lenses of the methodological framework of Copenhagen School.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140747116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IS THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICT “CONVENTIONAL”? 当代俄罗斯-乌克兰冲突是 "常规 "冲突吗？
Strategic Impact Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.53477/1842-9904-23-18
Petru Mihalcea
{"title":"IS THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICT “CONVENTIONAL”?","authors":"Petru Mihalcea","doi":"10.53477/1842-9904-23-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1842-9904-23-18","url":null,"abstract":"One of the biggest European conflagrations after the World War II constitutes Russian’s unprovoked attack on Ukraine which begun in 2014 and evolved in a full scale war in February 2022. Despite the fact that it represents an armed conflict between two actors, it is difficult to classify it as pure conventional or unconventional war. The main goal of the paper is to reveal the extent to which conflict can be classified as conventional since both sides have been using a long range of elements of unconventional war. Using the historical and analytical method, the paper emphasizes that the conflict cannot be classified fully conventional or unconventional as the actors use a mixture of both to reach their military and political objectives. The scope of our paper limits the research to the Russian military interventions unfolding during the last two decades.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"156 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140748506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THREAT ACTORS SEEKING TO EXPLOIT AI CAPABILITIES. TYPES AND THEIR GOALS 寻求利用 AI 能力的威胁行为者。类型及其目标
Strategic Impact Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.53477/1842-9904-23-21
Petru-Dan Kovaci
{"title":"THREAT ACTORS SEEKING TO EXPLOIT AI CAPABILITIES. TYPES AND THEIR GOALS","authors":"Petru-Dan Kovaci","doi":"10.53477/1842-9904-23-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1842-9904-23-21","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence’s advancement has led to ethical and privacy concerns due to the ability of algorithms to mine personal data and conduct surveillance on a large scale. The influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in cybersecurity extends beyond private entities and individuals. In this scenario, it is important to highlight the threatening actors and their objectives in order to counter AI-based cyber threats. We are dealing with different entities, each having its own interests: cybercriminals are interested in making profit, terrorist groups cause ideological violence and nation-states target geopolitical influence. Moreover, they are increasingly interested in developing AI-driven cyber warfare capabilities for either attacking their enemies or enhancing their defence measures against such attacks. This trend will most likely aggravate the global cyber arms race as countries compete to surpass each other in the development and deployment of AI-driven cyber capabilities. Consequently, it has become crucial for organizations and individuals to understand how AI affects cybersecurity and, thus, adapt their strategies accordingly. Traditional defences must be supplemented with AI-powered tools and techniques to stay ahead of the curve, while security experts must continually update their skills and expertise to cope with the changing threat landscape.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"154 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140750265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MULTILATERALISM – PAST, PRESENT AND POSSIBLE FUTURES 多边主义--过去、现在和可能的未来
Strategic Impact Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.53477/1842-9904-23-20
Diana-Cristiana Lupu
{"title":"MULTILATERALISM – PAST, PRESENT AND POSSIBLE FUTURES","authors":"Diana-Cristiana Lupu","doi":"10.53477/1842-9904-23-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1842-9904-23-20","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from the definition of multilateralism, based on its main characteristics – peaceful resolution of conflicts, sovereign states equality under international law, inclusion and active participation of all stakeholders, the present paper examines the current perception of the foundations of global cooperation stability. Thus, considering the high level of interconnectedness as well as the complexity of the crises our world is currently facing, some of the challenges to the multilateral system are presented, focusing on the UN, an inclusive multilateral institution, and the EU, a regional one. Romania’s position in this context is also mentioned. In connection to the Western-based democratic values and liberal societies, three possible futures are exhibited. Under the given circumstances, it has been almost unanimously agreed that reforms are necessary. However, there are still few specific details related to the substance and means of the changes, and there are too many variables to be considered in the efforts to align goals, interests and expectations, as well as to accommodate the structural, functional and strategic elements of transformation.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"49 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140748295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HUMOROUS SATIRICAL MEME ̶ ONLINE INFLUENCE TOOL 幽默讽刺meme在线影响力工具
Strategic Impact Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.53477/1842-9904-23-06
Cristian Ionel Haidău
{"title":"HUMOROUS SATIRICAL MEME ̶ ONLINE INFLUENCE TOOL","authors":"Cristian Ionel Haidău","doi":"10.53477/1842-9904-23-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1842-9904-23-06","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of communication, internet and social networks, memes have acquired a huge power to disseminate and influence people. This phenomenon is mainly due to the ease with which a message resonates with people and with one’s friends and acquaintances, the lack of regulation of digital communication channels, and the way social media algorithms are programmed. They tend to favour the financial profit of social media platforms and less to combat bots, fake accounts and the propagation of misleading messages. In this paper, I will analyse and explain why humorous satirical memes have come to be used in influence actions and campaigns and why they have increased effectiveness, especially among trained people, compared to other techniques. The argumentation is built on two dimensions: that of genetic baggage and programming, together with the chemistry of the human body, where hormones play a very important role and that of the social, tribal dimension, where man is a being who wants and needs belonging to a group to feel safe, accepted and valued.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"51 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116005632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IMPLICATIONS OF DEFENCE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON NATIONAL OBJECTIVES 国防资源管理对国家目标的影响
Strategic Impact Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.53477/1842-9904-23-03
Simona-Daniela Bordea
{"title":"IMPLICATIONS OF DEFENCE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON NATIONAL OBJECTIVES","authors":"Simona-Daniela Bordea","doi":"10.53477/1842-9904-23-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1842-9904-23-03","url":null,"abstract":"The new international context justifies an analysis of the priorities, interests and objectives of the Pontic states in relation to an immediate reaction to discourage the armed conflict initiated by Russia and unjustified in terms of international humanitarian law. NATO and the EU have recently intensified the conduct of large-scale maritime exercises to promote stability and peace and strengthen the Alliance’s Eastern Flank, and have consistently encouraged cooperation between outgoing states on the Black Sea. Although Russia’s energy dependence on some Pontic states could be a problem for the mutual agreement on strategic negotiations and partnerships, NATO and the EU must join forces to take concrete and deterrent action to maintain regional and international order alike. The present article aims to highlight the importance of the Black Sea for the Pontic states, having as the premise of the scientific research the fact that nowadays it represents an important cross-border resource both for the security of the states in the region and for the security of NATO and the EU.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134570648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE EFFECTS OF THE UKRAINIAN WAR ON THE LEGAL SYSTEM AND INTERNATIONAL ORDER 乌克兰战争对法律制度和国际秩序的影响
Strategic Impact Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.53477/1842-9904-23-01
Mirela Atanasiu
{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF THE UKRAINIAN WAR ON THE LEGAL SYSTEM AND INTERNATIONAL ORDER","authors":"Mirela Atanasiu","doi":"10.53477/1842-9904-23-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1842-9904-23-01","url":null,"abstract":"Russia’s invasion in Ukraine, in February 2022, marked the re-emergence of war as a social phenomenon on the European continent, but it also represented a clear signal of challenging the international order based on the UN legal system. Moreover, the continuation of this conflict, despite the measures taken by the international community, has triggered doubts regarding the system’s degree of functionality underlying the international order, in the context of new global challenges. Also, as the conflict in Ukraine prolongs, the policies of the great powers, but also that of small and medium-sized states fearful for their survival, are changing, which will obviously lead to a recalibration of the international order. Therefore, the purpose of this research focuses on establishing the degree of resilience of the current international security system and what transformative trends are identified in the international law system and in the global order in general, but also as effects of the development of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. In this respect, the main research method is the content analysis of certain international legal documents and statements of some government officials, the conclusions being later translated into an empirical interpretation that helps to achieve the purpose of the research.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"242 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125045290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CONVERGENCE AND PRAGMATISM IN STRUCTURING THE EU DEFENCE PLANNING PROCESS. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE COORDINATED ANNUAL REVIEW ON DEFENCE (CARD) 构建欧盟防务规划过程中的趋同与实用主义。国防协调年度审查的重要性(卡)
Strategic Impact Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.53477/1842-9904-23-05
Dragos Ilinca
{"title":"CONVERGENCE AND PRAGMATISM IN STRUCTURING THE EU DEFENCE PLANNING PROCESS. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE COORDINATED ANNUAL REVIEW ON DEFENCE (CARD)","authors":"Dragos Ilinca","doi":"10.53477/1842-9904-23-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1842-9904-23-05","url":null,"abstract":"European defence cooperation has recently made significant progress in a wide range of instruments aimed in particular at streamlining the way in which defence capabilities are generated under the auspices of the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). In this context, there is also an interest in optimising the defence planning process by strengthening the integrated nature and ensuring interconnectivity between the different CSDP-related initiatives, such as the Permanent Structured Cooperation, the European Defence Fund or the Capability Development Plan. Thus, the launch of the Coordinated Annual Review on Defence (CARD) is an endeavour to help harmonise these initiatives by identifying concrete opportunities for cooperation between Member States and making recommendations to guide cooperation between Member States. The potential of CARD has been preliminary tested within two operating cycles, with promising results and practical effects in generating optimal formulas for the use of Member States’ resources. From this perspective, the study aims to deepen the way CARD contributes to the creation of an integrated framework for the functioning of European defence cooperation. The article also proposes a comprehensive perspective by analysing how CARD contributes to guiding the interaction between Member States on the capability dimension and, last but not least, to strengthening EU-NATO complementarity. The main premise of this approach is precisely to value the potential of CARD to ensure the sustainability of cooperation under the aegis of CSDP. At the same time, the overriding interest of Member States in ensuring the transposition of the recommendations and cooperation priorities identified by CARD at the level of national defence planning processes is considered.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123759967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
NATO-ISRAEL COOPERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR 俄乌战争背景下的北约-以色列合作
Strategic Impact Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.53477/1842-9904-23-02
Zsolt Csepregi
{"title":"NATO-ISRAEL COOPERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR","authors":"Zsolt Csepregi","doi":"10.53477/1842-9904-23-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1842-9904-23-02","url":null,"abstract":"Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has shifted NATO’s attention to its eastern flank and raised the importance of collective defence. However, the transatlantic alliance has spent long years to build up its reputation as a security provider in the Middle East as well, in the southern strategic direction. The current paper analyses the state of NATO’s efforts on the southern flank, using its partnership with Israel as a case study. It argues that, in the context of the Russia-Ukraine war, robust NATO cooperation in the South, having Israel as a key pillar, is more important than ever, even though it is a low priority on NATO’s agenda in 2023 because of the ongoing war.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"17 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113978808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
TRANSNISTRIA FROM THE FORMATION OF THE MOLDAVIAN AUTONOMOUS SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC TO ITS INTEGRATION INTO THE MOLDAVIAN SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC (1924-1940) 德涅斯特河沿岸从摩尔多瓦苏维埃社会主义自治共和国的形成到其并入摩尔多瓦苏维埃社会主义共和国(1924-1940)
Strategic Impact Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.53477/1842-9904-23-07
Andi Mihail Băncilă
{"title":"TRANSNISTRIA FROM THE FORMATION OF THE MOLDAVIAN AUTONOMOUS SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC TO ITS INTEGRATION INTO THE MOLDAVIAN SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC (1924-1940)","authors":"Andi Mihail Băncilă","doi":"10.53477/1842-9904-23-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53477/1842-9904-23-07","url":null,"abstract":"The creation of autonomous regions on the territory of the union republics of the newly created Soviet state was a practice often used by the communist regime to resubordinate the provinces lost at the end of the First World War. In order to theoretically preserve the chance to integrate the former province of Bessarabia into the new empire during 1924, the new Kremlin leader Joseph Stalin decided to form a republic and a new people, the Moldavian SSR and the Moldavian people distinct from the Romanian one. This decision proved to be catastrophic for the Romanians living in Bessarabia over the next 100 years, who in this way could be forced to link their fate to Russia.","PeriodicalId":251956,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Impact","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127876006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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