IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)最新文献

{"title":"From 'Rates of Innovation' to Measures for 'Innovation Quality and Culture'","authors":"Oghenovo A. Obrimah","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3634155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3634155","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides formal theoretical evidence that the concept of 'rates of innovation' is not amenable to imposition of any preference structure, as such is misleading and non-robust. Dearth of robustness derives from the finding that a decreasing rate of innovation can be shown to be strictly preferred to either of an increasing or constant rate of innovation. This finding rules out either of patent counts, citation-weighted patent counts, or the term, 'innovation rates' as robust parameters for comparative studies of cross-sections of innovation activity. The formal theoretical model endogenously generates two parameters for comparative studies of cross-sections of innovation activity that, respectively are constructs for 'quality of innovation', and 'frequency', equivalently, 'culture of innovation'. Given the parameter for culture of innovation is derived, in entirety, from the quality of innovation parameter, it is obtained in context of a strict preference for higher quality innovations that is formally and theoretically established. A strict preference for higher quality innovations is shown, under regular conditions, to imply an intertemporal 'decreasing cascade' for each of quality of innovation, and frequency of innovation, a cascade that, simultaneously is susceptible to stochastic arrival of innovation events that induce upward 'jumps' to the intertemporal decreasing cascade process. Preliminary empirical tests show the quality of innovation parameter outperforms GDP Per Capita as measure of quality of innovation within cross-sections of countries. Given the terminology, 'studies of rates of innovation' embeds a misnomer, study findings recommend substitution of the terminology, 'studies of Innovation Quality and Culture (IQC)'.","PeriodicalId":248722,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125047766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Channel State based Adaptive Modulation and Coding for High Bit-Rate Telemetry Applications","authors":"Sukanya P M, Anand Shayan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3445872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3445872","url":null,"abstract":"This paper defines associate efficient and comprehensive cryptography and modulation resolution able to support a good vary of spectral efficiency values and knowledge rates in conjunction with high out turn. The most target is given by high rate measure applications, i.e., Earth Exploration Satellite Service (EESS) measure payload, wherever the rise of the system out turn by means that of advanced adaptive techniques is deemed essential so as to fulfill the necessities obligatory by future missions. This paper discusses the matter of adaptive modulation theme choice through an efficient realization of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) primarily based system in conjunction with Serial Concatenated Convolutional Code (SCCC) guarantee a really low error chance. Additionally this theme makes use of Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation (DVB-S2) customary to produce giant form of modulation techniques and different cryptography rates. Overall, this permits the system to form efficient use of the accessible information measure, adapting itself to the variable conditions of the link.","PeriodicalId":248722,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127852073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Returning Scientists and the Emergence of China’s Science System","authors":"C. Cao, Jeroen Baas, C. Wagner, K. Jonkers","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3395899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3395899","url":null,"abstract":"China’s approach to developing a world-class science system includes a vigorous set of programmes to attract back Chinese researchers who have overseas training and work experience. No analysis is available to show the performance of these mobile researchers. This article attempts to close part of this gap. Using a novel bibliometric approach, we estimate the stocks of overseas Chinese and returnees from the perspective of their publication activities, albeit with some limitations. We show that the share of overseas Chinese scientists in the USA is considerably larger than that in the European Union. We also show that Chinese returnees publish higher impact work and continue to publish more and at the international level than domestic counterparts. Returnees not only tend to publish more, but they are instrumental in linking China into the global network. Indeed, returnees actively co-publish with researchers in their former host system, showing the importance of scientific social capital. Future research will examine the impact of length of stay, among other factors, on such impact and integration.","PeriodicalId":248722,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133899614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Исследовательские фронты в области национальной инновационной среды (Research Fronts in the Field of National Innovation Environment)","authors":"Raisa Fedosova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3046984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3046984","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> В статье представлены методика определения исследовательских фронтов в области изучения национальной инновационной среды. Выявлены динамика отечественных публикаций в данной области (РИНЦ) и семантические ядра исследуемой проблемы в мире на основе обработки публикаций, включенных в наукометрические базы <b>English Abstract:</b> Web of Science, Scopus. The article presents a technique for determining research fronts in the field of national innovation environment. The dynamics of domestic publications in (RINC) and the semantic kernels of the problem under investigation in the world through the processing of publications included in the science base of Web of Science, Scopus.","PeriodicalId":248722,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131371878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Activity in the Czech and Slovak Regions","authors":"Vladimír Žítek, Viktorie Klímová","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3282450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3282450","url":null,"abstract":"Research and development represent an important source for the\u0000introduction of new innovation, in particular technical\u0000innovation. Individual regions differ considerably in the level\u0000of their research activity and in their preconditions for it.\u0000The aim of this paper is to compare the level of research\u0000activity in Czech and Slovak regions. The analysis is carried\u0000out at the NUTS3 regions level; therefore, it involves 14\u0000regions in the Czech Republic and 8 regions in Slovakia. Our\u0000analysis is focused on expenditures on R&D and human resources\u0000in R&D. We analyse the source of financing (public, business),\u0000field of science (technical and natural sciences), type of\u0000research (basic, applied), and the number of R&D personnel in\u0000full time equivalent. The attention is also paid to the\u0000institutions responsible for support of R&D in both countries.\u0000The level of research activity in the Czech Republic is\u0000significantly higher than in Slovakia. In both countries the\u0000research is concentrated in the capital cities and the South\u0000Moravian Region in the case of the Czech Republic. Big\u0000differences between capital cities and other regions were\u0000observed.","PeriodicalId":248722,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)","volume":"350 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131452214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-Ownership as a Factor Tertiarization of Postindustrial Society's Economy","authors":"V. Perepelkin","doi":"10.5901/MJSS.2015.V6N6S3P515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5901/MJSS.2015.V6N6S3P515","url":null,"abstract":"In the article one of actual tertsiarization reasons is studied as a process of structural transformation of industrially developed economy into post-industrial economy, which is characterized by economic basis formation of a new life activity device which is different from that formation which was observed at the previous agrarian and industrial society evolution stage. The high level of society saturation with material benefits provided with forward rise in labor productivity in production sectors causes not only change in firms, state, households preferences and in favor of immaterial benefits production and consumption but also makes changes to property relations activity. The research objective became objective conditionality justification of economies tertsiarization continuation of advanced countries owing to practice expansion of acquisition replacement in material benefits property by the way of receiving a right of using them in a type of service. Tasks of conditions definition, forms and consequences of production purchases replacement similar to it in consumer services appointment are solved; distinctions between production and services from the point of view of property relations distribution are opened. The conclusion is drawn about inevitability of the economy tertsiarization caused by the present stage of post-industrial societies of property relations transformation assuming the subsequent essential changes in all system of social and market relations.","PeriodicalId":248722,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)","volume":"13 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116836274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Characteristics: Innovation Systems from the Process Efficiency Perspective","authors":"J. Liu, Wen‐Min Lu, M. Ho","doi":"10.1111/radm.12067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12067","url":null,"abstract":"This study compares the innovation system characteristics of 40 countries from the perspective of process efficiency. We treat the national innovation system as a two‐stage process that first produces knowledge and then commercializes the knowledge produced. After identifying efficiencies through data envelopment analysis, the within‐country strengths, or the contribution of the individual process factor to the efficiency, of all 40 target countries are compared by applying the network‐based ranking method. The comparison is different from previous efficiency‐based studies in that it hints at country characteristics and highlights the cross‐country benchmarks for each process factor. The pattern of within‐country strengths underlines the characteristic of each country. Based on country characteristics, we highlight the national differences and categorize the target countries into nine distinctive groups. We find that no single country demonstrates characteristics that focus on both the knowledge production and knowledge commercialization stages. The results provide policy makers with both references on what to improve and information for where to learn the experience from.","PeriodicalId":248722,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128173381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Инновационное Наполнение Инвестиционной Политики (The Innovative Content of the Investment Policy)","authors":"V. Kushlin, V. Ustenko","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2624519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2624519","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: В соответствии новыми вызовами России уже в среднесрочном периоде надо обеспечить выход на траекторию устойчивого экономического роста, что предполагает активизацию инвестиционной политики, причем не только в количественном, но и качественном отношении, так чтобы перейти к инновационно ориентированной и высокоэффективной экономике.В работе анализируется три возможных варианта научно-инновационной инве-стиционной политики для России в условиях повышенной неопределенности, подогреваемой глобальным кризисом: 1) Локальное лидерство»; 2) «Быстрое преследование»; 3) «Адаптация к межсезонью». Показано, каким образом следовало бы сочетать одновременно все три вышеописанных сценария.Сформулированы предложения, направленные на совершенствование стратеги-ческого и программно-целевого планирования научно-инновационного развития, механизма стимулирования инновационной активности российского бизнеса, улучшение государственного управления инновационными проектами. Обоснованы меры по развитию системы венчурного финансирования инновационных проектов, использованию механизмов «технологических платформ» в качестве моста между наукой, государством и производственным бизнесом, использованию современных механизмов государственно-частного партнерства, а также более эффективному задействованию в целях инновационной модернизации экономики человеческого фактора.English Abstract: According to the new challenges Russia needs to provide access to the path of sustainable economic growth n the medium term period, which involves the activation of investment policy, not only quantitatively but also qualitatively, so to go to the innovation-oriented and high-performance economy.The paper analyzes three possible scientific innovation investment policy of Russia in the conditions of high uncertainty, heated global crisis: 1) Local Leadership \"; 2) \"The rapid pursuit\"; 3) \"Adaptation to the off-season.\" It is shown how should combine all three at the same time the above script.Proposals aimed at improving the strategic-agency and program-oriented planning of scientific and innovative development of the mechanism of stimulation of innovative activity of Russian business, improving state management of innovative projects. Reasonable measures for the development of venture financing of innovative projects, use of mechanisms, \"technology platforms\" as a bridge between science, government and manufacturing business, the use of modern public-private partnerships, and more effective harnessing of innovation in order to modernize the economy of the human factor.","PeriodicalId":248722,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133362590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are High-Growth Firms Overrepresented in High-Tech Industries?","authors":"Sven-Olov Daunfeldt, Niklas Elert, Dan Johansson","doi":"10.1093/ICC/DTV035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ICC/DTV035","url":null,"abstract":"It is frequently argued that policymakers should target high-tech firms, i.e., firms with high R&D intensity, because such firms are considered more innovative and therefore potential fast-growers. This argument relies on the assumption that the association among high-tech status, innovativeness, and growth is actually positive. We examine this assumption by studying the industry distribution of high-growth firms (HGFs) across all four-digit NACE industries, using data covering all limited liability firms in Sweden during the period 1997–2008. The results of fractional logit regressions indicate that industries with high R&D intensity, ceteris paribus, can be expected to have a lower share of HGFs than can industries with lower R&D intensity. The findings cast doubt on the wisdom of targeting R&D industries or subsidizing R&D to promote firm growth. In contrast, we find that HGFs are overrepresented in knowledge-intensive service industries, i.e., service industries with a high share of human capital.","PeriodicalId":248722,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132488277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ И ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИИ (Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Innovative Activity in Modern Russia)","authors":"E. Polyakova","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2641378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2641378","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Статья посвящена проблемам инновационного развития страны на современном этапе. Проанализированы характерные особенности существующих условий и факторов для создания инновационного процесса. На основе проведенного исследования автором предлагается ряд рекомендаций для создания благоприятных условий ведения инновационной деятельности в России.English Abstract: Article is devoted to problems of innovative development of the country at the present time. The characteristics of the existing conditions and factors for the creation of the innovation process are analyzed. Based on the research the author proposes a number of recommendations to create favorable conditions for innovation in Russia.","PeriodicalId":248722,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: National Innovation Systems (Sub-Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123121916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}