2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings最新文献

Safety considerations of wireless charger for electric vehicles — A review paper 电动汽车无线充电器的安全考虑-综述

2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398288

Hai Jiang, Paul W. Brazis, Mahmood Tabaddor, Joseph Bablo

{"title":"Safety considerations of wireless charger for electric vehicles — A review paper","authors":"Hai Jiang, Paul W. Brazis, Mahmood Tabaddor, Joseph Bablo","doi":"10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398288","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless power transmission is a promising technology which attracts attention in many fields and products. With mobile electronic products being prevalent, such as cellphones and PDAs, removing the power cord becomes a natural progression of achieving the ultimate mobility of the product. Wireless chargers for Electric Vehicles (EVs) would also be a convenient feature, avoiding any need to remember to plug in a power cord after parking the vehicle. Additional safety advantages may also be achieved due to eliminating exposed contacts. Nevertheless, wireless charging for EV is an application requiring high electrical power (up to hundreds of kilowatts) and larger area of wireless power transmission which increases electromagnetic field exposure. Thus, application of wireless charging to an EV requires a comprehensive analysis to ensure consumer safety. This paper focuses on the safety considerations of wireless charging for EVs, including potential electrical shock hazards, magnetic field exposure hazards, fire hazards, etc. It provides a historical background of wireless charging, particularly for EVs. It also reviews two potential technologies applicable to wireless charging of EVs. The concept of Hazard Based Safety Engineering (HBSE) is applied to the problem and UL's training's program is introduced.","PeriodicalId":245925,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116412989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 62

Introduction to lightning and AC power fault surge protection for telecom signaling cables 介绍电信信号电缆防雷和交流电源故障防雷

2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398294

J. Randolph

{"title":"Introduction to lightning and AC power fault surge protection for telecom signaling cables","authors":"J. Randolph","doi":"10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398294","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an introduction to the types of lightning surges and AC power fault surges that commonly affect the signaling cables of telecom network infrastructure and terminal equipment. Discussion is limited to twisted-pair copper lines such as telephone tip/ring cables and Ethernet cables. Surge types addressed include induced surges caused by nearby lightning strikes, induced AC voltages caused by fault conditions in adjacent AC power cables, and events caused by direct-contact with AC power mains. The basic physical mechanisms that cause each type of surge event are explained, with attention to both theoretical predictions and real-world measurements. Interactions between the surge energy source and the connected equipment will cause various types of surge waveforms to appear on the affected cables. The resulting surges are characterized for both outside cable plant and for cables routed entirely within a building. The ways in which various international testing standards attempt to simulate these surge events are described. Examples of some industry-standard test procedures and compliance requirements are presented. Some general guidelines are provided for evaluating the surge tolerance of a given design based on an analysis of the applied surge and the available paths for surge currents to flow. This type of analysis will often identify potential weaknesses based strictly on a review of the proposed design, prior to performing any actual surge tests.","PeriodicalId":245925,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133048030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

A study on a management system for pursuing product safety of consumer electronics products using hazard based assessment 基于危害评估的消费电子产品安全管理体系研究

2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398289

Y. Harada, N. Waris, T. Kurashiki, M. Zako

引用次数: 1

Fuse selection criteria for safety applications 安全应用的保险丝选择标准

2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398293

R. K. Huang, S. Nilsson

引用次数: 8

DC high-energy arcing ignition (HAI) resistance for polymeric materials: Part I: Consistency and repeatability of DC-HAI system 聚合物材料的直流高能电弧点火电阻:第一部分:直流高能电弧点火系统的一致性和可重复性

2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398287

Hai Jiang, P. Brazis, N. Navarro

引用次数: 2

Strategies for tracking regulatory requirement changes 跟踪法规需求变更的策略

2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398286

T. Eckert

引用次数: 0

The Beelzebub Zone: Rare but predictable failure conditions that can result in accidental fires 魔王区:罕见但可预测的可能导致意外火灾的故障情况

2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398298

L. F. Bilancia

{"title":"The Beelzebub Zone: Rare but predictable failure conditions that can result in accidental fires","authors":"L. F. Bilancia","doi":"10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398298","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the concept of an operational zone, gaps, where normal over-current safeties may not trip unless specifically addressed by design. The analysis concept justarose out of an investigation into a consumer product failure that resulted in a multimillion dollar fire loss. A simple and intuitive means was required to explain and present the failure concept to lawyers, judge, and jury. The presentation, developed as a trial exhibit, further suggested a way to understand the often convoluted or exotic conditions surrounding electrical and electronic failures that result in ignition. The analysis technique applies equally well in the forensic, root-cause analysis of circuits that have or may become implicated in a fire loss, and in the design process. In order to bridge the design community with the forensic and failure analysis communities, this paper reviews the fire investigation process, barriers to investigation, a simple view of fire ignition, and presents a case study where the Beelzebub Zone was used to aid in the loss settlement proceedings. The case study example was taken from a failure of a UL 244A certified device and formed a basis for the concept of the Beelzebub Zone. The case and device identification have been redacted to maintain a suitable level of propriety.","PeriodicalId":245925,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114328478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cutaneous burn at an elevated ambient air temperature 在升高的环境空气温度下皮肤烧伤

2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398292

F. Chiang

{"title":"Cutaneous burn at an elevated ambient air temperature","authors":"F. Chiang","doi":"10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398292","url":null,"abstract":"The risk of cutaneous burn is usually assessed by comparing the temperatures measured at external surfaces when the equipment is operated as intended under ambient conditions specified by the manufacturer, with the thresholds established by experimental results in delicate laboratory environments. In the real world ambient air temperature varies with geographical location, the time of the year and so on, over which equipment manufacturers only have little control. It had been an industry practice that the user will be provided with information about the maximum recommended ambient air temperature at which the equipment can operate satisfactorily without compromising its functionality, operability as well as safety. An interest arose as to how these burn thresholds would be seamlessly applied to the real world hot surfaces. It has been the author's opinion that human body temperature is nearly independent of change in ambient air temperature while surface temperatures of any equipment, with or without thermal control, would generally depend on the ambient temperature, in other words, surface temperature will vary with ambient and yet the temperature difference between the surface and skin will vary, too. This paper will first discuss how human body regulates its temperature and then how higher ambient air temperature can weaken the ability of equipment to dissipate heat. The author's hypothesis will be demonstrated by several comparative tests at different ambient temperatures.","PeriodicalId":245925,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124046556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radio approval in Taiwan 台湾无线电审批

2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398295

G. Lin, Alpha Liu, Cliff X. Wang

引用次数: 0

Grounding architecture design for Wireless Base Stations — EMC and PS considerations 无线基站的接地体系结构设计。EMC和PS考虑

2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398291

D. Moongilan

{"title":"Grounding architecture design for Wireless Base Stations — EMC and PS considerations","authors":"D. Moongilan","doi":"10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPCE.2012.6398291","url":null,"abstract":"Grounding facilitates the reduction in the electrical noise from electronic enclosures, improving the operational quality of circuits contained within the enclosures, and satisfying both the Product Safety (PS) and Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements. An ideal PS ground of an electronic enclosure should be equipotential (near zero) with respect to the reference ground to minimize the electrical shock potential and to provide a quick drain path for fault currents. However, an EMC ground requires a potential-difference or controlled impedance between interconnected electrical components in order for noise currents to flow from one component to another and eventually should terminate on to a large, non-radiating electrically conductive surface area. To achieve the EMC emissions goal, the noise current flow should be from a smaller to a larger conductive surface area (i.e., higher to lower impedance) through controlled short interconnection ground paths. The interconnections are designed to prevent external electrical noise current from entering into the enclosure and to be as short as possible so that they do not become the radiators, noise couplers, or sources of ground loop oscillations. In this paper several EMC grounding architectures for interconnection of PCBs, backplanes, and card cages to enclosures for Wireless Base Stations are described in the form of signal flow graphs, and their potential for noise radiation and conduction is compared while still achieving the PS grounding compliance requirements.","PeriodicalId":245925,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering Proceedings","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114661829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0