A. Beletic, J. Kuleš, Ivana Rubić I, Filipović Milica Kovačević, V. Mrljak
{"title":"Serum, Saliva, and Liver Proteome Indices Associated with Platelet Biology during Inflammatory Conditions in Different Animal Species","authors":"A. Beletic, J. Kuleš, Ivana Rubić I, Filipović Milica Kovačević, V. Mrljak","doi":"10.55295/psl.2023.i1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55295/psl.2023.i1","url":null,"abstract":"The understanding of platelet biology stepped out of the (patho)physiology of hemostasis long ago. Currently, platelets are acknowledged as effective sentinels against pathogens and powerful regulators of inflammatory processes. While accomplishing these tasks, their structural and physiological features undergo constant changes, often associated with the proteomics indices in the tissues and biofluids. Assessing these associations in different animal species provides a substantial comparative benefit. Nevertheless, the sine qua non for the reliable interpretation of the obtained data is a comprehensive understanding of the applied analytical and bioinformatics methods. Keywords: Tissue; Body fluids; Proteomics; Platelet biology; Animals; Infections","PeriodicalId":244164,"journal":{"name":"Socratic Lectures 8","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116969456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition in Ankle Instability","authors":"Jan Hočevar, R. Vauhnik","doi":"10.55295/psl.2023.i14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55295/psl.2023.i14","url":null,"abstract":"Ankle sprain is the most common injury among athletes and in the general population. A previous ankle sprain is a major risk factor for re-injury or the development of instability. Instability may be related to the neuromuscular changes after the injury. These include arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI), which is likely to be influenced by central regulatory mechanisms that lead to reduced muscle activation after injury. Our aim was to determine whether AMI is present in subjects after acute ankle sprain or in subjects with ankle instability. The literature search were performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE (Ovid) and Medline databases. We used a combination of English keywords. In addition, the literature lists of included studies were reviewed. Studies were screened regarding the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We included five studies investigating the presence of AMI in subjects with ankle sprain or /and instability. Statistically significant reduced activation of m. soleus was reported in four studies. In two studies, reduced activation of m. peroneus longus was reported, but only in subjects with ankle instability. Conclusions: We found that AMI, manifested as reduced activation of m. soleus and m. peroneus longus, is present in subjects with ankle sprain or instability. Inhibition is present bilaterally only in the acute phase. The mechanisms of AMI are most likely not only under local control, but also under central control. Keywords: Ankle sprain; Ankle instability; Arthrogenic muscle inhibition","PeriodicalId":244164,"journal":{"name":"Socratic Lectures 8","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122036538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Narrow-Band Imaging – Clinical Application in Otorhinolaryngology","authors":"Sara Bitenc Zore, Robert Šifrer","doi":"10.55295/psl.2023.i10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55295/psl.2023.i10","url":null,"abstract":"Narrow-Band Imaging (NBI) is an optical endoscopic technique using optic filters to select two wavebands from a white light source and revealing mucosal and submucosal vascular patterns. NBI endoscopy is implemented to detect various lesions of the nasal and oral cavity, oropharynx and hypopharynx, and larynx; for finding bleeding vessel in recurrent epistaxis, for more precise tissue biopsy, in the diagnostics of synchronous cancers, for tumours of unknown origin, in defining surgical margins, inflammation and for follow-up of oncologic patients. According to lesion area in otorhinolaryngology, three classifications are known for observation of suspicious lesions: the “IPCL classification” for oral mucosa, the Ni's classification, and the classification recommended by the European Laryngological Society, for vocal cords. The correct recognition of vascular patterns by physician is strongly influenced by the learning curve of the clinician. In line with limits of NBI, a tissue biopsy remains the gold standard for definitive proof of malignancy. However, NBI endoscopy is especially useful tool for early detection of malignant and precursor lesions when the lesions are invisible during classical otorhinolaryngological examination. Keywords: Narrow-band Imaging; Endoscope; Blue and green light; Vascular pattern; Detecting carcinoma","PeriodicalId":244164,"journal":{"name":"Socratic Lectures 8","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130844614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermography as an Aid in the Performance Testing of Lipizzan Horses","authors":"P. Kruljc","doi":"10.55295/psl.2023.i6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55295/psl.2023.i6","url":null,"abstract":"The athletic results or training performance of Lipizzan horses are hardly known in equestrian sports, because they rarely participate in equestrian sports. The aim of this study was to determine the values of physiological parameters of horses with emphasis on the temperature changes of the body skin areas by thermography and to investigate their acclimatization to different training loads. The study included 6 purebreed Lipizzaners with a mean age of 9 years and consisted of two work tests (spring, autumn) that included lunging at walk, trot and canter. Measurements were taken before and after the work tests and were within normal limits for warm-blooded horses in both experiments. In both experiments, body skin temperatures at rest were different between different areas or body parts. After the work test, temperatures in all body skin areas were significantly elevated compared to those measured at rest and then decreased during the rest period after the work test (recovery period) in the fall or remained nearly unchanged in the spring. This study contributes to the knowledge of thermoregulation and the use of thermography in horses, and the results not only demonstrate the physiological responses to graded exercise in Lipizzan horses, but also contribute to the knowledge of equine physiology and sports medicine. The results of our research also contribute to the establishment of standards and protocols for monitoring readiness and progress in training Lipizzan horses and provide relevant data for monitoring health status, athletic ability, and assessing welfare of horses. Keywords: Horses; Lipizzaner breed; Exercise test; Thermoregulation; Thermography","PeriodicalId":244164,"journal":{"name":"Socratic Lectures 8","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132998866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Femoroacetabular Impingement","authors":"B. Kovačič, Lennart Andrej Zore, K. Stražar","doi":"10.55295/psl.2023.i8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55295/psl.2023.i8","url":null,"abstract":"Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is an anatomical hip condition caused by malformations on femoral head and acetabular rim resulting in abnormal contact across the joint. FAI can cause the labral, cartilaginous, and tissue damage that leads to early osteoarthritis. FAI can be divided into three groups: cam (bump on femoral head- neck junction), pincer (acetabular over coverage), or mixed (most common) by the characteristic morphological changes of the bony structures. The exact ethology of FAI is still unclear, mostly considered as idiopathic. Cam lesions demonstrate a near 3:1 male predominance and are more often seen in the younger population. Pincer is typically seen in middle-aged women. A plain radiography of the pelvis and hips is considered as the primary imaging modality for diagnosing FAI, which can be used to quantify the severity. MRI and direct MRI arthrography allow assessment of concomitant labral and chondral injuries. Conservative treatment is typically considered first-line treatment for mild to moderate FAI syndrome, but usually not to successful. However, the outcomes following postoperative surgical intervention have demonstrated excellent results. The most common surgical treatment option for FAI is done arthroscopically, other procedures such as a reverse periacetabular osteotomy or surgical dislocation of the hip are rarely indicated. Keywords: Femoroacetabular impingement; cam, pincer; hip arthroscopy","PeriodicalId":244164,"journal":{"name":"Socratic Lectures 8","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134444707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Story about One Island and Four Cities. The Socio-Economic Soft Matter Model - Based Report.","authors":"Agata Angelika Rzoska, A. Drozd-Rzoska","doi":"10.55295/psl.2023.ii18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55295/psl.2023.ii18","url":null,"abstract":"The report discusses the emergence of the Socio-Economic Soft Matter as the consequence of interactions between physics and economy, since the onset of modern times. First, using soft matter science tools, demographic changes since the Industrial Revolution times onset are tested. It is supported by innovative derivative-sensitive and distortions-sensitive analytic tools. All these revealed for population changes the Weibult-type powered exponential description, with the crossover to the lesser rising pattern emerging after the year 1970. Subsequently, population changes are tested for the Rapa Nui (Easter) Island model case and for four selected model cities where the rise and decay phases have occured. They are Detroit and Cleveland in USA and Łódź (Lodz, the former textile industry center), and Bytom (the former coal mining center) in Poland. The analysis shows universal scaling patterns for population changes, coupled to the scocio-economic background impact, revealing also the long-lasting determinism. Finally, sources of obtained universal behavior are discussed in the frame of the Socio-Economic Soft Matter concept. Keywords: Demography; Socio-economy; Soft Matter; Weilbul distribution; Rapa Nui; Post-industrial cities","PeriodicalId":244164,"journal":{"name":"Socratic Lectures 8","volume":"702 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132844855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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