The Paper Conservator最新文献

{"title":"A study of unusual degradation on a seascape painting associated with the use of zinc white pigment","authors":"B. Singer, Colin A. Liddie","doi":"10.1080/03094227.2005.9638483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03094227.2005.9638483","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The authors investigated the reasons for the poor condition of S.S. Buda, painted in 1889 by G. Thomson, a gouache/watercolour on medium-weight cotton/linen rag paper. The paper was generally severely discoloured and it was concluded that this was due to a combination of photodegradation and sulphur dioxide pollution. The work of art included some passages painted in zinc white and there were some particularly unusual effects associated with this pigment. These included an efflorescence, which was shown to be zinc sulphate, causing blistering effects and the raising of the paper into a ridge. A further effect was a paler colour in the paper beneath and around the zinc oxide giving a paler ‘halo’ on the front of the image. This was in contrast to the darkening effect on paper which zinc oxide usually promotes. This latter effect was thought to be due to zinc oxide acting as a base and protecting the paper from the acids associated with sulphur dioxide pollution.","PeriodicalId":243922,"journal":{"name":"The Paper Conservator","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116094567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of a testing method for assessing book joint repair","authors":"D. Doming","doi":"10.1080/03094227.2005.9638485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03094227.2005.9638485","url":null,"abstract":"Summary One of the major problems facing book conservators is that of detached boards. In response to this longstanding problem, bookbinders and book conservators have devised many techniques of reattaching boards with varying degrees of success. Recently, Japanese tissue has been used as its high strength-to-weight ratio, combined with flexibility and ability to accept colour, has allowed a relatively strong joint and visually integrated external finish to be achieved very rapidly in some classes of work. The present study was conducted to design a dedicated testing apparatus and protocol for data collection that would allow the effect of board reattachment treatments with Japanese papers to be investigated and quantified. Having developed an apparatus and protocol, the results of a series of preliminary investigations of sample joints and standard treatments are presented.","PeriodicalId":243922,"journal":{"name":"The Paper Conservator","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133738503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Florence flood of 1966: A report on the current state of preservation at the libraries and archives of Florence","authors":"S. Devine","doi":"10.1080/03094227.2005.9638484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03094227.2005.9638484","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This article reports on the current state of preservation at the libraries in Florence, Italy. The article highlights the difficulties, both technical and administrative, involved in recovering from a disaster of the magnitude of the 1966 flood and chronicles the largely governmental and financial obstacles to the development of well integrated library preservation programmes in Italy. The results of recent visits to Rome and Florence are reported and reflect some encouraging steps being taken to address these issues.","PeriodicalId":243922,"journal":{"name":"The Paper Conservator","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124319109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines for authors preparing manuscripts for publication by the Institute of Paper Conservation","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/03094227.2004.9638648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03094227.2004.9638648","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243922,"journal":{"name":"The Paper Conservator","volume":"2008 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127316044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Housing single-sheet material: ‘Fishering’ at the Bodleian Library, Oxford","authors":"Andrew Honey","doi":"10.1080/03094227.2004.9638645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03094227.2004.9638645","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the review and reinterpretation of a type of conservation treatment carried out within the Conservation & Collection Care department of the Bodleian Library, Oxford. The treatment is known as ‘fisherizing’ and is one approach to the housing of single-sheet material that has been adopted at the Bodleian Library, Oxford. It is a system of binding modern papers of predominantly uniform format, typescripts for example, which are unsuitable for either fasciculing or other binding methods and which require more protection than that offered by archive folders. The technique was named after H.A.L. Fisher, a twentieth-century Oxford historian, whose papers were donated to the Bodleian Library in 1958. Fisherizing was developed between 1985 and 1987 when Fisher’s papers were treated. \u0000 \u0000The technique has been used in the library over the past years and has recently been reviewed. The results of this review are presented here alongside further refinements which have been introduced to the technique. This work is particularly important for the Bodleian collection where the technique has been used extensively. Therefore assessing and refining it, is crucial for conservation management within the specific library. Moreover, the use of the technique outside the library makes this publication more important as not only does it communicate the assessment results but also it proposes improvements to the technique. The quality of this work is ensured by the large number of examples of the technique examined in one of the most important libraries in Britain both in terms of collection and in terms of quality of conservation work.","PeriodicalId":243922,"journal":{"name":"The Paper Conservator","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122713911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel sewing frame in a box","authors":"Per Cullhed","doi":"10.1080/03094227.2004.9638643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03094227.2004.9638643","url":null,"abstract":"z Clarkson, Christopher, 'Thoughts on sewing frame design for the book conservator', The Paper Conservator 19 (1995) 41-54. See also: Smith, Philip, New Directions in Bookbinding (London: Studio Vista, 1974) 130. The sewing of books is a main interest for hand bookbinders as well as for book conservators. Those knowledgeable in bookbinding techniques will typically take an extra look before buying a book to see if it is adhesive bound, or sewn. Sewing has always been synonymous with high quality. Historically, sewing through the fold signals the shift from the book roll to the codex. Also, sewing structures have often been instructive when distinguishing between different binding styles. It is probable that since before the tenth century in western European bookbinding practice, sewing has been executed on the sewing frame. The sewing frames we buy today look very much the same as they did in these early medieval times. The earliest depiction of a sewing frame comes from the twelfth-century Ambrosius MS in Bamberg.' One may assume that there is nothing to add to a successful design that has stood the test of a thousand years (Fig. I). However, anyone who has used the traditional sewing frame knows that there are some disadvantages to it, the foremost perhaps being the binder's inability to see the inside of the quire. Strategies to overcome this disadvantage are many: turning the head in awkward positions to be able to look behind the sheet, using mirrors or sitting in a sideways sewing position are just a few of the tricks. Also, the threaded uprights tend to restrict free movement of the arms and the traditional frame will only unwillingly receive an alternative sewing support material, for example a textile support. Moreover, the slot for the cords is traditionally placed a few centimetres from the edge of the sewing surface, which makes it difficult to insert a needle in the correct angle. Of course, a problem like this can be solved by adding a pressing board under the book. Nevertheless this is one detail where improvements are called fQr. The above mentioned factors, and the difficulties in a cramped workshop of finding a good storage place for the traditional frame, set me on the path to try to make a new design for a sewing frame. During the last two or three decades, in order to overcome the problems with the traditional sewing frame, other bookbinders and conservators have also been engaged in the construction of alternative sewing frames2 Sewing frame is called hiifftlida in Swedish, which literally means sewing-box. It is in fact quite an incomprehensible technical term if you are not familiar with its etymology. Along with many other Swedish bookbinding terms, it comes from Germany. The German word for a sewing frame is Heffladen, which means sewing-shelf, an expression that makes more sense. Perhaps it was this incomprehensible Swedish word that led me to try to contain an alternative sewing frame in a box. Ten years ago, I started","PeriodicalId":243922,"journal":{"name":"The Paper Conservator","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133022804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glazing over: A review of glazing options for works of art on paper","authors":"Rosie Freemantle","doi":"10.1080/03094227.2004.9638638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03094227.2004.9638638","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of glazing options, focusing on glazing for works on paper. In light of continuous improvements being made to the physical and optical properties of glass and plastics, combined with improved museum practice and safer art transport, new products have been introduced, and the suitability of glass as a glazing option is re-assessed. In relation to this, the author looks at the results of tests carried out on glazing at Tate, in which glass is found to be extremely resistant to breakage. Questions are raised about the validity of always taping the glass, and regarding assumptions about the safety of acrylic. It is found that mount types and spacers in frames affect the breakage threshold of the glazing and the type of breakage sustained. Summarizing current glazing procedures at Tate (including the use of both glass and acrylic), the author emphasizes the fact that the performance and safety of any glazing is only as good as the quality of the framing, packing, handling and transportation to which the glazed work is subjected.","PeriodicalId":243922,"journal":{"name":"The Paper Conservator","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134517868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Fräulein Huth’ and the red seaweed: Consolidation of a collage by Kurt Schwitters with JunFunori®","authors":"O. Masson, Michaela Ritter","doi":"10.1080/03094227.2004.9638644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03094227.2004.9638644","url":null,"abstract":"z Huthbild may be translated as 'Hat picture'. MERZ comes from a snippet of the title 'Kommerzund Privatbank', meaning Commerce and Private Bank, and for Schwitters meant creating relationships in his pictures, for assembling fragments of the world and from life. Schwitters named a simple and flat collage MERZzeichnung (MERZdrawing) and the threedimensional assemblage of objects MERZbild (MERZpicture). See Buchner, J., and N. Nobis, Kurt Schzuitters 1887-1948. 2nd ed. (Hannover: Propylaen; Sprengel Museum, 1987).","PeriodicalId":243922,"journal":{"name":"The Paper Conservator","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123178860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The stylus revealed: A metalpoint identification study of fifteenth-and sixteenth-century Italian drawings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art","authors":"K. Dahm","doi":"10.1080/03094227.2004.9638642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03094227.2004.9638642","url":null,"abstract":"Summary In a two-part study, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and multispectral infra-red reflectography (MSIRR) were evaluated as metalpoint identification techniques. The compositions of metalpoints and ground layers in seven Italian drawings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art collection dating from the turn of the sixteenth century were determined using XRF. The drawings studied are attributed to Leonardo da Vinci, the Leonardo School, Filippino Lippi, Pietro Perugino, Circle of Pietro Perugino or Raphael, Circle of Domenico Ghirlandaio, and Pier Francesco Foschi. Each drawing was also analysed using MSIRR. The protocol followed for each analytical method is described. Results indicate that XRF can identify inclusions in metalpoints as well as the primary metal. MSIRR results suggest that inclusions affect the nature of the base metal to absorb infra-red light. The inclusions detected reflect contemporary metallurgical practices. The possibility and implications of considering stylus composition as an aid to attribution are mentioned.","PeriodicalId":243922,"journal":{"name":"The Paper Conservator","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130355882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History and analysis of transparent papers","authors":"C. Laroque","doi":"10.1080/03094227.2004.9638639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03094227.2004.9638639","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Transparent papers have been made since the Middle Ages and their production and use have evolved since then through to the present day. The first supports, paper and parchment, were made transparent by impregnation with oily or resinous substances and destined for domestic and artistic uses. The beginning of the nineteenth century was a turning point in the production of transparent papers with the appearance of the first parchment papers and the search for new methods of production of paper. The papermaking industry discovered new papers such as natural tracing, imitation parchment and glassine papers. In this article, historical study based on published sources is complemented by an analytical protocol carried out on a large group of samples of transparent papers. Analytical results are compared with information from published sources in order to verify whether there is a true correlation between the two.","PeriodicalId":243922,"journal":{"name":"The Paper Conservator","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128240797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}