Jurnal Global & Strategis最新文献

{"title":"Anti-ISIS Foreign Fighters in Syria: A Conceptual Review","authors":"Falhan Hakiki, Arfin Sudirman, D. Yulianti","doi":"10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.257-284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.257-284","url":null,"abstract":"Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan orang-orang sipil yang datang ke Suriah dalam melawan ISIS yang dapat dianggap sebagai foreign fighters. Konsep yang digunakan adalah pengertian dan karakteristik foreign fighters yang dikemukakan oleh beberapa penstudi. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif berdasarkan teknik analisis coding. Temuan dalam artikel ini berasal dari beberapa pengertian dan karakteristik foreign fighters yang mana menunjukkan bahwa kelompok dalam pembahasan ini memenuhi aspek sebagai foreign fighters, seperti bergabung dalam kelompok pemberontak, berasal dari luar Suriah, tidak memiliki unit militer resmi, menerima dan memberikan pelatihan, tidak didukung oleh negara asal, bertindak secara sukarela, menggunakan tindakan kekerasan, dan mempertahankan komunitas transnasional. Akan tetapi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat beberapa poin pengertian dan karakteristik konsep foreign fighters yang bertolak belakang dari fenomena ini, seperti foreign fighters anti-ISIS yang memiliki hubungan kedekatan dengan kelompok pemberontak, mendapatkan pendanaan, dan juga melakukan tindakan non-kekerasan dalam melawan ISIS.\u0000Kata-kata kunci: ISIS; Foreign Fighters Anti-ISIS; Konseptual; Suriah\u0000 This article aims to describe civilians who came to Syria to fight ISIS as foreign fighters. The concept used is the definition and characteristics of foreign fighters put forward by several scholars. This article uses qualitative research methods based on coding analysis techniques. The findings in this article derived from several definitions and characteristics of foreign fighters of which shows that the subject in this discussion fulfill aspects as foreign fighters, such as joining a rebel group, coming from outside of Syria, do not have an official military unit, receives and provides training, are not supported by their country of origin, act voluntarily, use violence, and defend transnational communities. However, it can be concluded that several points of definitions and characteristics of the foreign fighters concept contradict with this phenomenon, such as anti-ISIS foreign fighters having close relationships with rebel groups, obtaining funding, and also taking non-violent actions against ISIS.\u0000Keywords: ISIS; Anti-ISIS Foreign Fighters; Conceptual; Syria","PeriodicalId":243676,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Global & Strategis","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115191329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"United States- Iran Shared Interest and the Stability of the Strait of Hormuz","authors":"Angel Damayanti, Alexander Texas Meresin, Bryan Libertho Karyoprawiro","doi":"10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.357-378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.357-378","url":null,"abstract":"The Strait of Hormuz lies between the Persian Gulf and the Oman Gulf and is the only sea route connecting the Arabian Sea to the Indian Ocean. It is a trading route that strategically brings energy from the Middle East to many countries worldwide. Accordingly, the United States (US) and Iran have shared interests in the strait and play a central role in maintaining its stability. Unfortunately, since 1979, the US and Iran have been involved in a conflict. The tensions between the two peaked after the US left the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), which specifically discussed the Iran nuclear deal. As a result, the security of the Strait of Hormuz has been disrupted by various Iranian attacks on merchant ships and Iran’s threats to close the strait. This study explains the impact of the US-Iran conflictual relations on the strait’s stability. It uses the concepts of conflict of interest and maritime security with a qualitative research method and case studies based on primary and secondary data. This article concludes that although the US and Iran have common interests, their conflictual relations have disrupted maritime stability and affected the supply and world oil prices.\u0000Keywords: United States, Iran, Shared Interest, Strait of Hormuz\u0000Selat Hormuz yang terletak di antara Teluk Persia dan Teluk Oman merupakan satu-satunya jalur menuju Laut Arab dan Samudra Hindia. Selat ini bernilai srategis karena menjadi jalur perdagangan yang membawa energi dari kawasan Timur Tengah ke berbagai negara di seluruh dunia. Karena nilai strategis tersebut, Amerika Serikat (AS) dan Iran sama-sama berkepentingan terhadap selat Hormuz dan berusaha memainkan peran sentral dalam menjaga stabilitas keamanan selat tersebut. Sayangnya, sejak tahun 1979, AS-Iran berkonflik dan ketegangan di antara keduanya memuncak paska AS keluar dari Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) yang membahas khusus kesepakatan nuklir Iran. Akibatnya, keamanan Selat Hormuz terganggu dengan berbagai serangan Iran terhadap kapal dagang milik negara-negara pengguna Selat Hormuz dan ancaman Iran untuk menutup Selat Hormuz. Oleh karenanya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dampak konflik AS-Iran terhadap stabilitas dan keamanan Selat Hormuz. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep benturan kepentingan dan keamanan maritim dengan metode penelitian kualitatif berupa studi kasus berbasis data primer dan sekunder. Dari data yang diperoleh, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa walaupun AS dan Iran memiliki kepentingan yang sama, namun hubungan konfliktual di antara mereka telah mengakibatkan stabilitas keamanan maritim di kawasan terganggu dan mempengaruhi pasokan serta harga minyak dunia.\u0000Kata-kata kunci: Amerika Serikat, Iran, Kepentingan Bersama, Selat Hormuz","PeriodicalId":243676,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Global & Strategis","volume":"13 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116352619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of Green City Surabaya: Overcoming Challenges of Local-Global and Green Capitalism Development","authors":"S. Aminah","doi":"10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.329-356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.329-356","url":null,"abstract":"Green city is not merely an approach to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Instead, green city is a condition that should preexist to achieve the SDGs. Nevertheless, in many cases, there are gaps in the implementation of green city policies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the implementation of green city policy in Surabaya regarding the extent to which this development model has supported the realization of the SDGs set by the United Nations (UN). To answer the research questions, this study uses qualitative methods. Meanwhile, the data collection methods used were in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted using interpretive methods and thematic analysis, and the perspective used for this study is urban politics. This study eventually finds that implementing the green city policy has supported the achievement of the SDGs in Surabaya, even though it still has many shortcomings. The implementation of a green city has also resulted in the transformation of Surabaya into a modern city that prepares investors and developers to produce the sustainability and feasibility of Surabaya as a pro-environmental city. However, this study also discovers that in order to fully realize a sustainable, humane, and civilized green city, Surabaya still needs to conduct better coordination and collaboration between stakeholders and all elements of society.\u0000Keywords: green city, SDGs, Surabaya, urban politics, green capitalism\u0000Green city bukan sekadar pendekatan untuk mencapai Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) atau tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Alih-alih, green city merupakan sebuah kondisi yang harus lebih dulu ada untuk mencapai SDGs. Namun, sering kali terdapat kekosongan dalam implementasi green city. Oleh karenanya, kajian ini hendak mengevaluasi penerapan green city di Kota Surabaya terkait sejauh mana model pembangunan tersebut dapat mendukung pencapaian SDGs yang ditetapkan oleh Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa (PBB). Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Sementara itu, metode pengumpulan data yang dipakai adalah wawancara mendalam, observasi langsung dan analisis dokumen. Analisis data menerapkan metode interpretif dan analisis tematik, serta perspektif yang digunakan adalah urban politics. Adapun hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa walau masih memiliki banyak kekurangan, implementasi green city telah mendukung pencapaian SDGs di Surabaya. Implementasi green city juga telah menghasilkan transformasi Surabaya sebagai kota modern yang menyiapkan para investor atau pengembang juga menjadi pelaku untuk memproduksi keberlanjutan dan kelayakan Surabaya sebagai kota yang pro lingkungan. Namun, agar green city yang berkelanjutan, manusiawi, dan beradab sepenuhnya terwujud di Surabaya, masih diperlukan koordinasi dan kolaborasi yang lebih baik antarpemangku kebijakan dan semua elemen masyarakat.\u0000Kata-kata kunci: green city, SDGs, Kota Surabaya, politik perko","PeriodicalId":243676,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Global & Strategis","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116909239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of UNHCR in the Stagnation of International Intervention towards Victims of the Coup Conflict in Myanmar as an Effort to Maintain Peace","authors":"Hilman Mahmud Akmal Ma'arif, A. Maksum","doi":"10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.307-328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.307-328","url":null,"abstract":"Myanmar is a country in Southeast Asia with a dire humanitarian crisis that is marked by the existence of conflict and humanitarian issues. The military’s arbitrariness against civilians, from ethnic cleansing and genocide of the Rohingya ethnic minority to bloody coups, could not be suppressed due to technical and non-technical constraints. Civil society and the military organization are interrelated in Myanmar, and the country uses the strong relations between the two as best as it can for its internal interests to protect itself from foreign intervention. From a geographical point of view, Myanmar is located in the Southeast Asian region, with ASEAN as its regional organization. ASEAN is a unique regional organization whose member-states adopt a special principle called the principle of non-interference. According to the principle, all acts of interference from other countries are considered a violation and become an international crime when viewed from the Jus Cogens legal principle. This study then discusses the role of UNHCR as a facilitator to create peace by maintaining human rights. A qualitative method was then adopted to conduct the study, with data collection based on the news, journals, reports, and books. This study examines the concepts of democracy and human rights as an introduction to internal conflict in Myanmar and uses the concept of humanitarian diplomacy as an analysis of the role of UNHCR in Myanmar.\u0000Keywords: ASEAN, Democracy, Intervention, Humanity, Military Coup, UNHCR.\u0000Myanmar merupakan negara di Asia Tenggara dengan krisis kemanusiaan buruk yang ditandai dengan adanya isu konflik dan kemanusiaan. Kesewenangan militer terhadap warga sipil dimulai dari pembersihan etnis dan genosida etnis minoritas Rohingya, hingga kudeta militer yang tidak bisa diredam karena kendala teknis atau non-teknis. Keduanya saling berkaitan dan Myanmar memanfaatkannya sebaik mungkin untuk kepentingan internal untuk melindungi diri dari intervensi pihak asing. Ditinjau dari sisi geografis, Myanmar berada di wilayah Asia Tenggara dengan ASEAN sebagai organisasi internasional regional. ASEAN memiliki asas istimewa terhadap negara anggotanya untuk memberlakukan asas non-interference. Dengan begitu segala tindakan campur tangan dari negara lain dinilai sebagai sebuah pelanggaran dan menjadi sebuah tindakan kejahatan internasional apabila dipandang dari asas hukum Jus Cogens. Penelitian ini membahas tentang peran UNHCR sebagai fasilitator untuk menciptakan perdamaian dengan memelihara hak-hak atas kemanusiaan. Dengan berbasis pada berita, jurnal, laporan, dan buku sebagai hasil penjelasan dan telaahnya, sehingga tulisan ini bermetodekan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dikaji melalui konsep demokrasi dan HAM sebagai pengantar atas konflik internal di Myanmar, dan menggunakan konsep humanitarian diplomacy sebagai analisa atas peran UNHCR di negara Myanmar.\u0000Kata Kunci: ASEAN, Demokrasi, Intervensi, Kemanusiaan, Kudeta Militer, UNHCR.","PeriodicalId":243676,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Global & Strategis","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125228904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Translocalization of the Muslim Brotherhood’s Ideas to the Tarbiyah Congregation in Indonesia","authors":"Muhammad Faishal Saifullah Fatah, Akim Akim","doi":"10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.285-306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.285-306","url":null,"abstract":"Ikhwanul Muslimin adalah salah satu gerakan Islam transnasional yang paling berpengaruh. Mereka mampu memperluas ruang lingkup operasinya di luar Mesir dan mengilhami berdirinya berbagai organisasi dan gerakan Islam di seluruh dunia hingga menggapai Asia dan Eropa, termasuk Indonesia, di mana pengaruh gagasan Ikhwanul Muslimin dapat ditemukan dalam Jemaah Tarbiyah, yang kemudian menjadi Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) pascaruntuhnya rezim orde baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses translokalisasi gagasan Ikhwanul Muslimin sehingga dapat menyebar ke Jemaah Tarbiyah di Indonesia dengan menggunakan pendekatan travelling theory dari konsep translokalitas, yang merupakan turunan dari transnasionalisme. Hasil dari riset ini menunjukkan bahwa dimensi-dimensi yang terkandung dalam travelling theory menjelaskan bagaimana gagasan dapat menyebar luas di Indonesia melalui penemuan berbagai media penyebaran, serta ditemukannya proses penyesuaian gagasan Ikhwanul Muslimin dalam pengadopsian dan implementasinya di Indonesia. Selain ituterdapat temuan terkait konsekuensi-konsekuensi tidak terduga dari kebijakan suatu negara, baik yang bertindak sebagai sumber maupun tujuan, terhadap perkembangan dan penyebaran gagasan tersebut.\u0000Kata-kata Kunci: Ikhwanul Muslimin, Jemaah tarbiyah, translokalisasi, travelling theories\u0000The Muslim Brotherhood is one of the most influential transnational Islamic movements. They were able to expand their scope of operations beyond Egypt and inspired the establishment of various Islamic organizations and movements throughout the world to reach Asia and Europe, including Indonesia, where the influence of the Muslim Brotherhood's ideas can be found in Jemaah Tarbiyah, which later became the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) after the collapse of the New Order regime. This study aims to explain the process of translocalizing the ideas of the Muslim Brotherhood so that they can spread to the Tarbiyah Jemaah in Indonesia by using a travelling theory approach from the concept of translocality, which is a derivative of transnationalism. The results of this research show that the dimensions contained in travelling theory explain how ideas can spread widely in Indonesia through the discovery of various dissemination media, as well as the finding of the process of adjusting the ideas of the Muslim Brotherhood in their adoption and implementation in Indonesia. In addition, there are findings that suggest unexpected consequences of a country's policy, both acting as a source and a destination for the development and spread of the idea.\u0000Keywords: Jemaah Tarbiyah, Muslim Brotherhood, translocalization, travelling theories","PeriodicalId":243676,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Global & Strategis","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130390404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"European Union Cross-Border Refugees Securitization toward Freedom of Movement Regime 2015-2020","authors":"Hasna Nur Fadillah Ramadhani, Viani Puspita Sari, Fuad Azmi","doi":"10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.217-238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.217-238","url":null,"abstract":"The refugee crisis that occurred in Europe in 2015 has caused various challenges to the EU's asylum and migration policies. Migration flows from refugees have posed the threat of internal crises to pressure on the Freedom of Movement regime, namely the Schengen Agreement. This study discusses the securitization of cross-border refugees carried out by the European Union against the Freedom of Movement regime. The research analysis uses the framework of securitization theory by Buzan through a speech act by the European Union as a securitization actor in the security governance in line with theory proposed by Sperling & Webber. The study used qualitative methods by reviewing documents and interviews with related informants. The findings of this study indicate that the initial speech act by the European Union has failed because of the rejection from member. Thus, the securitization process experienced recursive interactions between the European Union and the member in security governance. This recursive process has changed the speech act process and extraordinary measurement by the European Union, which initially focused on humanitarian discourse, turned into a border security discourse to protect the achievement of the EU's core integration, namely Schengen.\u0000Keywords: Refugee Crisis, Securitization, Border Security, European Union\u0000 \u0000Krisis pengungsi yang terjadi di Eropa pada tahun 2015 telah menyebabkan berbagai tantangan terhadap kebijakan suaka dan migrasi Uni Eropa. Arus migrasi dari pengungsi lintas batas telah menimbulkan ancaman krisis internal dan tekanan terhadap rezim Freedom of Movement yaitu Perjanjian Schengen. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai sekuritisasi pengungsi lintas batas yang dilakukan oleh Uni Eropa terhadap rezim Freedom of Movement. Analisis penelitian menggunakan kerangka teori sekuritisasi oleh Buzan et al. (1992) melalui speech act oleh Uni Eropa sebagai aktor sekuritisasi dalam teori tata kelola kemanan yang dikemukakan oleh Sperling & Webber (2018). Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan penelaahan dokumen dan wawancara kepada informan terkait. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa speech act yang dilakukan oleh Uni Eropa mengalami kegagalan karena tidak diterima anggota sebagai audiens, sehingga proses sekuritisasi mengalami interaksi rekursif antara Uni Eropa dan anggotanya dalam tata kelola kemanan. Proses rekursif ini telah mengubah proses speech act dan tindakan luar biasa oleh Uni Eropa yang pada awalnya fokus pada diskursus kemanusiaan berubah menjadi diskursus keamanan perbatasan untuk melindungi pencapaian integasi inti Uni Eropa yaitu Schengen.\u0000Kata-kata Kunci: Krisis Pengungsi, Sekuritisasi, Keamanan Perbatasan, Uni Eropa","PeriodicalId":243676,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Global & Strategis","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115439059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Politics of Vaccine Diplomacy and Sino-Indonesian Relations","authors":"Nur Rachmat Yuliantoro","doi":"10.20473/jgs.16.1.2022.127-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.16.1.2022.127-146","url":null,"abstract":"Since the beginning of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has shattered many aspects of human life worldwide. Many believed China was theorigin of the coronavirus that sparked the pandemic. While dealing with the virus domestically, China has also pleaded to help many countries overcome the impact of the pandemic. Within this context, China runs the so-called vaccine diplomacy: providing Chinese-made vaccines to countries in need, including Indonesia. This article argues that although vaccine diplomacy can be seen as evidence of China’s soft power, it is also carried out to serve China’s national interests. Vaccine diplomacy to Indonesia is to demonstrate China’s goodwill and friendship. It is also to help Indonesia recover its economy with the support of Chinese investment and to promote its influence in the region within the context of great power rivalry with the United States.\u0000Sejak awal tahun 2020, pandemi COVID-19 telah menghancurkan banyak aspek kehidupan manusia di seluruh dunia. Banyak yangpercaya Cina adalah asal mula virus Corona yang memicu pandemi. Sembari menangani virus di dalam negeri, Cina juga telah membantubanyak negara mengatasi dampak pandemi tersebut. Sebagai kekuatan besar yang bertanggung jawab, China menjalankan apa yang disebut diplomasi vaksin: menyediakan vaksin buatan China ke negara-negara yang membutuhkan, termasuk Indonesia. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa meskipun diplomasi vaksin dapat dilihat sebagai bukti soft power China, ia juga dilakukan untuk melayani kepentingan nasional China. Diplomasi vaksin ke Indonesia ditujukan untuk memperlihatkan itikad baik dan persahabatan Cina. Ia juga dimaksudkan untuk membantu Indonesia memperbaiki ekonominya dengan dukungan investasi Cina serta memajukan pengaruhnya di kawasan dalam konteks persaingan kekuatan besar dengan Amerika Serikat.","PeriodicalId":243676,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Global & Strategis","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125214742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Dumping Dispute Settlement of A4 Paper Products Export between Indonesia and Australia","authors":"Raden Mas Try Ananto Djoko Wicaksono, Irna Nurhayati","doi":"10.20473/jgs.16.1.2022.1-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.16.1.2022.1-30","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara yang sering dituduh melakukan dumping produk kertas A4 menimbulkan sebuah pertanyaan karena Australia menjadi negara terkini yang menuduh tindakan dumping atas produk Kertas A4 asal Indonesia, yang mana sebelumnya Indonesia pernah mendapat tuduhan dari Korea Selatan (2002), Afrika Selatan (2003) dan Jepang (2012). Hal yang seharusnya menjadi perhatian oleh produsen dan pemerintah Indonesia dalam kasus tuduhan dumping oleh negara luar adalah masalah like product serta kekaburan hukum atas klausul PMS (particular market situation), yang mana selama proses persidangan, baik Indonesia, Australia maupun pihak ketiga memiliki argumentasi masing-masing terkait interpretasi dalam menentukan definisi dari PMS karena belum adanya definisi yang jelas. Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana WTO menginterpretasikan makna PMS dari kasus sengketa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dan analisis menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan Australia mengenakan BMAD terhadap produk Kertas A4 asal Indonesia, telah melanggar Pasal 2.2 dan 2.2.1.1 Perjanjian Anti-Dumping WTO. Lalu, WTO menginterpretasikan makna PMS dari kasus sengketa anti-dumping ekspor A4 antara Indonesia dengan Australia menentukan bahwa tidak adanya elemen atau batasan terkait dengan intervensi pemerintah. Hal tersebut dikarenakan intervensi pemerintah tidak secara otomatis diterjemahkan secara negatif, karena tidak ada batasan pasti terkait kapan dan bagaimana intervensi pemerintah dapat dianggap berbahaya bagi pasar yang berdampak.\u0000\u0000\u0000Kata-Kata Kunci: Anti-Dumping, Particular Market Situation, Penyelesaian Sengketa Dagang Internasional, WTO.\u0000\u0000\u0000 \u0000\u0000\u0000Indonesia as one of the countries that are often accused of dumping A4 paper products raises a question because Australia emerged as the latest country that accuse Indonesian products, in which Indonesia had previously been accused by South Korea (2002), South Africa (2003), and Japan (2012). Things that should be of concern to producers and the Indonesian government in cases of dumping accusations by foreign countries are the issue of like the product and legal ambiguity over the PMS (particular market situation) clause, which during the trial process, both Indonesia, Australia, and third parties had their arguments, each comply to their own interpretation in determining the definition of PMS because there is no clear definition. This study will analyze how the WTO interprets the meaning of PMS from dispute cases. The research is normative juridical law research which conducted the analysis using qualitative methods. The results of the study show that Australia's policy of imposing BMAD on A4 paper products from Indonesia has violated Articles 2.2 and 2.2.1.1 of the WTO Anti-Dumping Agreement. Then, the WTO interprets the meaning of PMS from the A4 export anti-dumping dispute case between Indonesia and Australia, determining that there are no elements or limitat","PeriodicalId":243676,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Global & Strategis","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121515757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASEAN Mechanism in Disaster Management: A Case Study of Disaster Management in Indonesia 2010-2020","authors":"Suwarti Sari","doi":"10.20473/jgs.16.1.2022.75-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.16.1.2022.75-108","url":null,"abstract":"The geographical location of the Southeast Asia region, which is between an intercontinental fault, two oceans, and the Pacifc Ring of Fire, has implications for the probability of the region’s vulnerability to natural disasters. Therefore, how Southeast Asian countries deal with this problem becomes an interesting subject of study. The awareness among Southeast Asian countries of the necessity for collective efforts in disaster mitigation and disaster management is closely related to the ASEAN Way mechanism. This paper discusses environmental security by looking at the ASEAN mechanism in disaster management and the case studies of disasters that occurred in Indonesia. Employing the concept of cohesion, the signing of the AADMER and the establishment of the AHA Centre became a positive signal of group cohesion. This study fnds that there is a contradiction between the ASEAN Way and the disaster management mechanism among ASEAN member states in their application. Still, on the one hand, it strengthens the cohesion of ASEAN member states. The ASEAN Way prohibits any intervention from member states against affected states except at the  states’ request with the urgency of collective disaster management. However, cohesion among member states is determined by the behavior of each state, considering the complexity of the influencing factors.\u0000Letak geografs kawasan Asia Tenggara yang berada di antara patahan-antarbenua, dua samudera serta bentangan Cincin Api Pasifk memiliki implikasi terhadap probabilitas kerentanan kawasan tersebut dalam menghadapi bencana alam. Kesadaran negara-negara Asia Tenggara tentang perlunya upaya kolektif dalam melakukan mitigasi bencana dan manajemen bencana berkaitan erat dengan mekanisme ASEAN Way. Tulisan ini membahas mengenai keamanan lingkungan yang dikaji dengan melihat mekanisme ASEAN dalam penanggulangan bencana dengan studi kasus bencana yang terjadi di Indonesia. Menggunakan konsep kohesi, penandatanganan AADMER dan pembentukan AHA Centre menjadi sinyal positif pembentukan kohesi kelompok. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa antara ASEAN Way dengan mekanisme penanganan bencana antar negara anggota ASEAN terlihat bertolak belakang dengan aplikasinya, namun di satu sisi semakin memperkuat kohesi anggota ASEAN. ASEAN Way melarang adanya campur tangan negara anggota terhadap negara terdampak kecuali atas permintaan negara tersebut dengan urgensi penanganan bencana secara kolektif. Meskipun demikian, kohesi di antara para negara anggota ditentukan pula oleh perilaku masing-masing negara, mengingat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya pun cukup kompleks","PeriodicalId":243676,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Global & Strategis","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124174881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indonesia’s Public Diplomacy through Modest Fashion in Turkey","authors":"Elisa Kusumawardhani, Junita Budi Rahman, Akim Akim","doi":"10.20473/jgs.16.1.2022.109-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.16.1.2022.109-126","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia’s modest fashion has proliferated in the last decade. It encourages Indonesia to become the center of the world’s modest fashion. In order to achieve this goal, Indonesia employs public diplomacy toward the global public and various countries, one of which is Turkey. However, the pandemic has limited international activities. This study examines Indonesia’s public diplomacy through modest fashion toward Turkey during the pandemic. This research was conducted with a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques were carried out through a literature study. Meanwhile, the data analysis is carried out by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. This study shows that Indonesian public diplomacy through modest fashion in Turkey is carried out with a strategic communication dimension through a hybrid fashion show (offline and online) with the theme of introducing modest fashion in Indonesia. It is done to adjust public diplomacy during the pandemic, so the message to be conveyed can be adequately achieved. The purpose of this public diplomacy is to build the image of Indonesia in a modest fashion and achieve economic interests by entering the Turkish market.\u0000Turkey Modest fashion Indonesia telah berkembang pesat dalam satu dekade terakhir. Hal ini mendorong Indonesia untuk menjadi pusat modest fashion dunia. Tujuan tersebut berusaha dicapai dengan diplomasi publik terhadap publik global dan berbagai negara, salah satunya adalah Turki. Namun, adanya pandemi membuat aktivitas internasional menjadi lebih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang diplomasi publik Indonesia melalui modest fashion terhadap Turki pada masa pandemi. Penelitian inidilaksanakan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi pustaka. Sementara teknis analisis data dilaksanakan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa diplomasi publik Indonesia melalui modest fashion di Turki dilaksanakan dengan dimensi komunikasi strategis, yaitu melalui hybrid fashion show (ofine dan online) yang bertemakan pengenalan modest fashion Indonesia. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menyesuaikan diplomasi publik pada masapandemik agar pesan yang ingin disampaikan dapat tercapai dengan baik. Tujuan dari diplomasi publik ini adalah untuk membangun citra Indonesia dalam modest fashion dan meraih kepentingan ekonomi dengan memasuki pasar Turki.","PeriodicalId":243676,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Global & Strategis","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121154211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}