Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy最新文献

{"title":"Parental Influences on Child Weight: Perception, Willingness to Change,and Barriers","authors":"D. White, Dana L. Rofey, A. Kriska, E. Venditti, B. Gibbs, J. Gallagher, J. Jakicic","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000293","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although parents are primary to development of obese genic behaviors, many parents do not perceive their child’s obesity as problematic and are not ready to make changes to address their child’s weight. The purpose of the study is to examine relationships between parental perception of child weight, parental readiness to change behaviors, and barriers to behavior change. Methods: A sample of low-socioeconomic and minority parents of 6-12 year old children who are overweight or obese completed questionnaires on perception of their child’s weight, stage of readiness to change behaviors for their child’s weight (SOC), and barriers to changing child weight control behaviors. Parents were blinded to the purpose of the study. Child weight status was categorized ‘overweight’ (BMI ≤85th-95th percentile) or ‘obese’ (BMI ≥95th percentile). Results: Of the 48 parent-child dyads, 77.1% of parents underestimated their child’s weight status and 54.2% perceived their child as normal weight. Older (p=0.045) and married parents (p=0.025) were more likely to perceive their child as overweight. Accurate parental perception was significantly associated with advanced stage of change (SOC; r=0.358, p=0.012). Conclusions: Parents of overweight or obese children underestimated their child’s weight status. Parental perception of child weight was associated with the parent’s SOC for their child’s weight.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122309610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Obesity, Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, and Maternaland Neonatal Outcomes","authors":"Z. Shoar, Zivot At, S. Nasiri, N. Mandhani, K. Ba","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000292","url":null,"abstract":"We aimed to investigate the co-morbid effects of maternal obesity, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), and GDM treatment options on maternal and neonatal outcomes in an inner-city population. This is a retrospective chart review study of singleton mothers with new diagnosis of GDM and their infants during a 3-year period. During the study period, 356 women ages 13-48 years with GDM gave birth to 180 males and 175 females. Majority of mothers were African American (50.8%) and had Medicaid insurance (75.8%). Obese mothers constituted 48.3% of the study population, had a higher prevalence of pregnancy induced hypertension/preeclampsia, more commonly were managed with medication and delivered by C-section than non-obese mothers. Infants of obese GDM mothers had significantly higher mean birth weight, lower mean blood glucose, and were less at risk for Small for Gestational Age (SGA). In obese mothers, heaviest mothers had infants with higher bilirubin levels than less heavy mothers. We also observed a high rate of feeding difficulty in infants of GDM mothers (12.4%). Our study emphasizes the burden of maternal obesity as a major risk factor for both maternal and neonatal poor outcomes in the context of GDM and calls for further prospective and interventional research.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123869483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a High Carbohydrate and High Protein Formula Diet On Body Composition and Metabolic Risk Parameters in Obese Subjects","authors":"Katharina Möller, Inga Schneider, J. Willers, A. Hahn","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000291","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In obese subject’s weight loss is known to improve blood lipid profiles, glycemic control and other conditions that may contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome or cardiovascular diseases. However, the optimal dietary carbohydrate and protein composition to facilitate weight loss and improving potential adverse effects is still in debate. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of two low-fat formula diets either high in carbohydrate or high in protein, on body composition and metabolic risk factors. Methods: 154 obese (BMI 32.5 ± 0.14 kg/m2) men and women were included in this randomized clinical trial and classified in two groups (highcarbohydrateformula diet (HC) and high protein formula diet (HP)) of 80 matched subjects. They underwent an intervention for eight weeks, which consisted of two phases: (1) week 1 and 2: total replacement of three meals by a formula diet and (2) six week partial formula diet (replacement of 1-2 meals). Measurements were taken prior and post intervention for analysis of body composition and parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism. Results: After eight weeks both groups lost significantly body fat mass (HC: -5.11 ± 0.51 kg, p<0.001; HP: -5.81 ± 0.54 kg, p<0.001), while only for subjects of HP group no change of lean body mass and body cell mass was observed. Metabolic risk parameters were reduced in both the HC and HP group; however, subjects in the HC group showed a higher reduction in triacylglycerol concentration (-29.1 mg/dl vs. -14.0 mg/dl, p<0.04). Further, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was reduced in both groups without difference (HC: -17.9%, p=0.004; HP: -18.4%, p=0.003). Conclusion: Our data demonstrate, that even in a short period of time, a low-fat meal replacement diet high in carbohydrate or high in protein is effective in improving body composition and reducing metabolic risk parameters.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124879013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social-Demographic and Behavioural Characteristics of a Morbid ObesePopulation Seeking Bariatric Surgery","authors":"Boesten Rhm, L. Re, van Hout Gcm, Nienhuijs Sw","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000290","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bariatric surgery is proven to be the only successful and sustainable treatment of morbid obesity. Unfortunately there is a fair amount of patients that encounter a regain of weight after years. This is probably highly associated with psychological and behavioural aspects making them substantial factors in the decision making process to diminish the risk of weight regain after bariatric surgery. Method: The purpose of this research was to describe the characteristics of morbid obese patients undergoing a preoperative screening for potential bariatric surgery, in order to improve information, pre-care, treatment and followup given to obese patients. In the Catharina Hospital in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, the self-reported screening questionnaires of 345 bariatric patients were reviewed. Results: The results provided information about the patients’ support system, the educational level, work situation, eating habits, eating disorders among others binge eating disorder, coping, the high prevalence of psychical disorders and limited substance abuse. Conclusion: Further research is needed to investigate a possible gender difference. The factors relationships, family, work and coping styles in the bariatric population should be investigated more in depth, to obtain greater insight into the influence and to further personalize pre- and postoperative support of the bariatric surgery","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114499944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and fractures: between black and white aspects.","authors":"M. Carsote, D. Pereţianu, A. Valea","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000288","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity, a worldwide medical problem, associates a large panel of disorders but traditionally osteoporosis was not considered one of them. This mini-review targets human and animal studies related to this topic. DXA is the golden standard of fracture risk assessment by providing Bone Mineral Density (BMD) which is directly correlated to Body Mass Index (BMI). Recent studies found that the correlation become weaker at BMI >30 kg/sqm while associating a higher mechanical load. The obesity-related fracture risk includes a blunt bone turnover markers status and a proinflammatory environment as IL-6, TNF-a¾³. Common pathogenic pathways involve both the skeleton and the metabolic complications of obesity as growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, angiotensin II and ghrelin. On the contrary, estrogens are fat-derived by aromatase conversion being bone protective as androgens or insulin resistance. Leptin and adiponectin are produced by adipose tissue playing multiple roles including on bone cells. The overlapping factors in obese persons that elevate the fracture risk are the vitamin D deficiency and sarcopenia with increased risk of fall and diabetic bone disease cause by the type 2 diabetes mellitus which is very frequent among obese subjects. Increased cortical porosity as well as alteration of bone matrix quality to the advanced glycation products is correlated to diabetic fracture risk while BMD remain inadequately normal. The correlation between obesity and fall also associates with prior diagnosis of chronic heart disease, severe depression/anxiety, chronic use of anti-depressants or sleeping pills, and sedentary lifestyle. A new map of fractures is drawn since obesity involves a higher risk of ankle (most frequent site in obesity) and humerus fractures and a lower risk of vertebral and hip fractures. The fracture healing is difficult in obese subjects due to inflammation and co-morbidities especially diabetes. Obesity has a rapidly rising prevalence so are the associated conditions; among them fragility fractures at specific sites represents an alarming new issue despite the traditional theories that obesity protects against osteoporosis.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126590512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome Analysis of Obesity in Trauma Surgery Related to Closed Injuries of Lower Limb in Orthopedic Surgery","authors":"S. Nikose, Mahendra Gudhe, P. Singh, Sohael M. Khan, Devashree Nikose, M. Arora, M. Mehmood","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000287","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obesity is fast becoming a global epidemic and has profound effect on lower limb trauma surgeries is not well defined. This study aimed to evaluate and investigate the influence of obesity on health related quality of life (HRQL), patient reported outcome, incidence of postoperative surgical site infection (SSI), perioperative and postoperative complications. The specific association of obesity and outcome is not examined and measured previously in trauma surgery of lower limbs. Methods and Materials: During 2005 to 2014, a total of 12853 patients underwent different lower limb trauma surgeries and outcome measurement was based according to Body Mass Index (BMI). 10885 Patients with BMI of < 30kg/m2 were classified as non-obese and used as control groups. 1968 Patients with BMI of ≥ 30 kg/m2 were classified as obese and data analyzed in terms of outcome, adverse effects, complications and health related quality of life (HRQL) Results: The Increase in BMI leads to increased perioperative complications in terms of Intubation difficulty, blood loss, and duration of surgery. The post-operative adverse incidences in early period like deep venous thrombosis (DVT), surgical site infections (SSI), cardiac and renal events, superficial and deep infections were significant statistically. The delayed adverse effects relate to complications like late development of surgical site infection (SSI), implant loosening and orthopedic implant failure, re-operation rates for different complications. The improvement in health related quality (HQRL) is low among obese patients. Conclusions: Obesity has an inverse influence on patient outcome as compared to non obese patients. However, despite these increased obese patients do benefit from trauma surgeries of lower limb and patient reported outcome was found to be slightly lower among obese patients","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127223398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight Loss Following Left Gastric Artery Embolization in a Human Population without Malignancy: A Retrospective Review","authors":"K. Anton, Tariq Rahman, A. Bhanushali, Luis L. Nadal, G. Pierce, Aalpen A. Patel","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000285","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Recent evidence suggests embolization of the left gastric artery, which provides the predominant arterial supply to the gastric fundus, may affect energy homeostasis through alterations in ghrelin production. The purpose of this study is to evaluate post-procedural weight loss following left gastric artery embolization (performed for reasons other than for weight loss) in patients without malignancy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent arterial embolization for acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage between January 2002 and January 2014 was conducted. A study group of 10 patients who underwent left gastric artery embolization and control group of 22 patients who underwent embolization of a different mesenteric or visceral arterial branch for non-tumoral acute gastrointestinal bleeding were collected. Their electronic medical records were reviewed and data points for height, weight, and body mass index were collected at 1-, 4-, 8-, and 12-month post-procedural time points. Exclusion criteria included age less than 18 years and documented history of malignancy. Results: The left gastric artery embolization group had a significantly greater reduction in body mass index compared with the control group at 1 month (-9.8% vs. -4.0%, p=0.042) and 4 months (-11.7% vs. +0.1%, p=0.033). No significant change was demonstrated at 8 months (-8.6% vs. -1.7%, p=0.32) and 1 year (-5% vs. +2.6%, p=0.42) compared with controls. Conclusion: Left gastric artery embolization provides early post-procedural weight loss that may persist for at least 1 year. Further studies will better elucidate the role of gastric artery embolization in the management of bariatric patients.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129718329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of newly developed BMI and waist cutoff values for Sri Lankan children.","authors":"P. Wickramasinghe","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117228811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A short communication on strategy for weight loss based on healthy dietary habits and control of emotional response to food.","authors":"I. Goñi, Yolanda Pontes","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000281","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to know the emotional behavior of individuals to facilitate the establishment of personalized dietary guidelines based on healthy eating habits and increase the patient fidelity until the desired weight. A weight-reduction program based on the establishment of lifestyle and healthy eating habits according with Mediterranean dietary pattern was followed by an overweight adult people. The individuals were sedentary, consumed an unhealthy diet and eating behavior were highly affected by emotions. They were classified as emotional eater. In summary, know the relation between food intake and emotions allows personalize the dietary strategy for weight loss in overweight and obesity and increases the patient fidelity until to achieve the objective of body weight.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124617701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Into Thinner Air: A Novel Strategy to Improve Clinical Outcomes and Support Weight Loss?","authors":"S. Carter","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000E118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000E118","url":null,"abstract":"Despite well-intentioned health policy and research efforts, the obesity crisis continues to plague modern society. While multiple factors have been implicated, the source of this problem remains hotly debated, and one which is likely to continue for the foreseeable future. According to the World Health Organization, the majority of annual deaths among the populous are attributable to non-communicable chronic diseases (e.g., type 2 diabetes, cancer) [1], known to be intimately linked to excess adiposity and poor cardiorespiratory fitness [2]. It is generally felt that an overabundant caloric load coupled with insufficient physical activity is responsible. To this end, energy restriction and increased physical activity are recommended to support weight loss; however, long-term adherence is difficult and often met with limited success. As many have discovered, feelings of hunger and lethargy commonly arise during dieting which in some cases are exacerbated with concurrent exercise. Excluding surgical techniques, the ideal strategy to promote expeditious weight loss is through the collective influence of appetite suppression and increased energy expenditure. In the absence of disease, appetite suppression and increased energy expenditure are natural, adaptive responses to higher altitude (i.e., hypoxia). As of late, there is a growing interest in the therapeutic utility of exercise in hypoxic conditions for the purpose of improving a variety of clinical outcomes [3-5].","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131547485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}