Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»最新文献

{"title":"Current position of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate in the therapy of osteoarthritis","authors":"M. Stepchenko, N. S. Meshcherina, Kristina S. Melnikova, E. M. Khardikova","doi":"10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/02","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis is a chronic disease that causes the development of permanent disability of the patient and is a significant social and economic burden on the health care system of developed countries. It should be noted that the current variability of approaches to the treatment of osteoarthritis is due to a number of factors, including differences in etiology, severity of course, and clinical symptomatology of the disease, which must be analyzed and taken into account when choosing therapy. The modern approach to therapy of osteoarthritis includes the use of symptomatic slow-acting drugs (SYSADOA). Objective: to review the literature data on the role of SYSADOA in the therapeutic arsenal of patients with osteoarthritis. Materials and methods. Literature review and analysis was conducted by keyword using electronic resources of PubMed, MedLine databases in the period from 2010 to 2023. Results. The analysis of the studies conducted to date on the establishment, validity and feasibility of the group of symptomatic slow-acting drugs in the therapy of OA to control the progression of the disease showed the presence of very controversial and debatable provisions, which is associated with a diverse range of available glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate drugs. The greatest evidence base and efficacy are found in prescription preparations of crystalline glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Conclusion. The use of SYSADOA requires further study, including randomized placebo-controlled trials using modern joint imaging techniques.","PeriodicalId":24060,"journal":{"name":"Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85388099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alliance of two pandemics: COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus","authors":"Dmitriy V. Kovalevskiy","doi":"10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to study the features of the course of viral pneumonia in patients with diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. A random sampling method was used to conduct a retrospective analysis of 300 archival medical records of inpatients with laboratory-instrumentally confirmed COVID-associated pneumonia for the period 2020-2022. Results. As a result of the study, two groups were formed - the main and control. The main group included 150 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus; the control group consisted of 150 patients without diabetes mellitus. The average number of bed-days spent by the main group in the hospital was 12.4 days, the control group - 10.5 days (р˂0.001). Significantly more often, the main group of patients is diagnosed with a serious condition at the time of hospitalization, as well as unilateral localization of the pathological process in the lungs. Conclusion. In patients with diabetes mellitus and pneumonia caused by a new coronavirus infection, a dependence of the volume fraction of lung tissue damage on the level of hyperglycemia was revealed. In patients with DM, anticoagulant therapy was carried out longer during inpatient treatment, combinations of several groups of antibacterial drugs were used more often, and the starting dose of glucocorticosteroids was also higher.","PeriodicalId":24060,"journal":{"name":"Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78161502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of heavy metal and arsenic trans-medium transition along the chain \"soil - medicinal plant material - water etracts\"","authors":"N. Dyakova","doi":"10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/08","url":null,"abstract":"Low-quality herbal raw materials and the products obtained from them are important sources of various ecotoxicants, especially heavy metals, entering the human body. Aqueous extractions of medicinal plant raw materials - decoctions and infusions - are of a particular interest in this respect - as they are the most accessible and frequently used dosage forms in medical and pharmaceutical practice and traditional medicine, being at present insufficiently studied as sources of intake of various microelements in the human body. Objective: to investigate the peculiarities of heavy metals and arsenic trans-mediated transition along the chain \"soil - medicinal plant raw materials - infusions and decoctions\". Materials and methods. Raw materials were harvested during the flowering period in Voronezh Biosphere Reserve. The microelement composition of the samples was studied by mass spectroscopy on an ELAN-DRC device. Results. The content of toxic microelements estimated in medicinal plant raw materials of natural phytocenosis of Voronezh region does not exceed the pharmacopoeial requirements, and their total proportion in the total mineral complex - not more than 0.011%. All made infusions and decoctions from the studied raw materials infusions and decoctions also corresponded to pharmacopoeial requirements on the content of normalized elements. The efficiency of cadmium transfer in infusions and decoctions from medicinal plant raw materials ranged from 9.02% to 55.00%, arsenic - from 26.33% to 68.46%, lead - from 1.95% to 76.15%. In the chain \"soil - medicinal plant material - water extracts\" normalized elements in LRS to the greatest extent migrated to the decoction of burdock root: cadmium - 74.91%, arsenic - 13.98%, lead - 6.02%. The lowest degree of transition was noted for the infusion of the studied flowers: for cadmium - 4.78%, arsenic - 0.46%, lead - 0.73%. Conclusion. The findings are of great interest and may serve both for further research and for using in medical and pharmaceutical practice.","PeriodicalId":24060,"journal":{"name":"Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83411255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenetic and structural and functional changes in the kidneys after COVID-19","authors":"L. Kamyshnikova, O. Efremova, D. S. Pisankina, K. S. Gorbachevskaya, Alexander N. Pishchanskiy, M. S. Sviridova","doi":"10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/06","url":null,"abstract":"There is now a growing evidence of the long-term effects of COVID-19, affecting almost all human systems and organs, including the kidneys. The objective of this paper was to study pathogenetic and structural and functional changes in the kidneys in patients with COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods. Articles were searched in PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, E-library, Clinical Trial databases using the keywords \"post-COVID syndrome,\" \"renal damage (kidney disease),\" \"COVID-19,\" \"SARS-CoV-2,\" and \"glomerulonephritis\" in Russian and English. Databases reporting cases of detectable renal damage following a prior coronavirus infection published by September 28, 2022 were used. This review includes literature reviews, clinical cases, and original studies reporting the confirmed cases of detectable renal damage after confirmed prior COVID-19. The sources that focus only on renal damage during the acute period of coronavirus infection have been excluded. Results. Primary viral damage is carried out through the effect on the receptors of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2). No less important mechanisms of viral damage are immunological and inflammatory reactions, dysfunctions of the complement system, leading to multiple organ failure. The long-term consequences of coronavirus infection on the kidneys were manifested in a decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), an increase in creatinine levels, proteinuria, and microhematuria. Dickkopf-3 protein (uDKK-3) may become a promising marker of kidney damage. Post-COVID renal disease can occur both de novo and with a previous renal complication of COVID-19. The most common morphological variants of kidney damage were tubular lesions and various morphological variants of glomerulonephritis. Conclusion. The association of COVID-19 and kidney damage in the post-COVID period is supported by common mechanisms of pathogenesis, including direct viral damage through ACE-2, inflammatory and immune reactions of the body. These data are confirmed by detectable markers of inflammation and damage to the renal tissue, the morphological picture of necrosis, fibrosis of the renal parenchyma in patients with COVID-19 infection.","PeriodicalId":24060,"journal":{"name":"Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87886423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological factors as predictors of chronic acute urticaria","authors":"S. Yudina, T. Rusanova, I. A. Ivanova, Evgenia A. Krivonkina","doi":"10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/04","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of the level of α-defensins (HNP1-3) and cytokines (IL-8, IL-4, IL-17, TNFα) to identify predictors of chronic acute urticaria. Materials and methods. There were 57 patients under observation with acute recurrent urticaria, divided by the level of serum IgE into 3 groups: group 1 - patients with IgE levels up to 100 IU / ml, group 2 - with IgE from 100 to 500 IU / ml, group 3- with IgE over 500 IU / ml. The quantitative content of α-defensins (HNP 1-3) in blood plasma and cytokines (IL-8, IL-4, IL-17A, TNF-α), IgE in blood serum was determined by solid-phase ELISA. Rusults. The study showed that in all patients with acute urticaria there was an increase in the level of serum cytokines (IL-8, IL-17A, TNF-α) and α-defensins HNP 1-3, the most pronounced in patients of group 3 with an IgE level of more than 500 IU/ml According to the results of correlation analysis, the strongest direct correlation was found between the level of α-defensins HNP 1-3 and IL-17A. In patients of groups 2 and 3, a strong direct correlation was also found between the level of HNP 1-3 and TNFα. Conclusion. The results of the study showed that a significant increase in the level of cytokines IL-4, IL-8, IL-17A, TNF-α and α-defensins (HNP1-3) in patients with acute recurrent urticaria indicates their key role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The revealed direct correlation between the levels of α-defensins, IL-17A and TNF-α reflects the dynamics of the course of immunoinflammatory process and can be regarded as predictors of chronic acute urticaria.","PeriodicalId":24060,"journal":{"name":"Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80085263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Зонирование территорий исторических центров Уральских городов","authors":"Маргарита Евгеньевна Колчина, Наталья Владимировна Колчина","doi":"10.35524/978-5-98346-142-0-2023-04-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35524/978-5-98346-142-0-2023-04-30","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24060,"journal":{"name":"Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73642912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the course of the early neonatal period in newborns from mothers who underwent COVID-19 during pregnancy (pilot prospective cohort study)","authors":"Olga G. Betz, A. A. Kornilov, I. G. Khmelevskaya","doi":"10.21626/vestnik/2023-2/02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2023-2/02","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: analysis of the course of the early neonatal period in newborns from mothers who underwent COVID-19 at different gestation periods. Materials and methods. Full-term children under the age of 7 days of life born in the Regional Perinatal Center of Kursk in 2021 were under observation: group 1 - as a result of pregnancy complicated by COVID-19 infection (47 people); group 2 - control group (31 people). The main indicator of the study is the pathological nature of the course of the early neonatal period. Results. The anthropometric data at birth did not differ significantly. Transient neonatal tachypnea (19.1% in group 1 versus 9.6% in group 2, respectively), intrauterine pneumonia (19.1% in group 1 versus 3.2% in group 2, respectively; both had bilateral p values = 0.040) were detected more frequently in newborn infants. Conclusion. COVID-19 infection during pregnancy was found to be a risk factor for the development of respiratory disorders in newborns in the early neonatal period. When interpreting these data, the limitations of the study should be taken into account: the sample size, the observational nature of the study, and the methods used to measure the indicators.","PeriodicalId":24060,"journal":{"name":"Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87719558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathophysiological aspects of dental hyperesthesia and ways to eliminate it in elderly patients after a new coronavirus infection COVID-19","authors":"M. M. Shvetsov, I. Bobyntsev, A. Iordanishvili","doi":"10.21626/vestnik/2023-2/08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2023-2/08","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there is no scientifically substantiated information on the occurrence of dental hyperesthesia and its causes in patients who have undergone a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Objective: to study the occurrence of dental hyperesthesia, to analyze the causes and to find ways to eliminate it in elderly patients after a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Material and methods. The incidence of dental hyperesthesia was studied in 175 elderly people (from 61 to 75 years old) who had a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 2-4 months ago. As a control group, 125 elderly people were examined, who had not suffered from a new COVID-19 coronavirus infection before their examination. Functional resistance of hard tissues of teeth was assessed using the index of enamel resistance test (TER-test) according to V.R. Okushko and oral hygiene using the simplified index of oral hygiene of Green-Vermillion OHI-S. Results. It has been established that in the postcovid period, dental hyperesthesia is more common in elderly patients, the cause of which is the demineralization of tooth enamel due to the deterioration of individual oral hygiene. Generally accepted oral hygiene in elderly people suffering from dental hyperesthesia contributes to the normalization of the TER-test indicators with a period of 3 to 6 months of regular dental and oral care. The additional use of remineralizing ASEPTА gel for teeth by patients during dental care made it possible to achieve high structural and functional resistance of tooth enamel during the quarter. Conclusion. In people who have undergone a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, due to the deterioration of the hygienic condition of the oral cavity, there is a decrease in the mineralization of hard tooth tissues, which is a factor in the occurrence of dental hyperesthesia and confirms the crystal chemical theory of this pathology. The additional use of remineralizing ASEPTА dental gel for individual dental and oral care makes it possible to achieve high caries resistance of tooth enamel in a shorter time.","PeriodicalId":24060,"journal":{"name":"Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84457968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and interleukin-1β in Helicobacter pylori-infected women with postmenopausal osteoporosis","authors":"E. A. Maylyan, Elena S. Zhadan, A. Bagriy, O. A. Trunova, E. V. Prokhorov","doi":"10.21626/vestnik/2023-2/07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2023-2/07","url":null,"abstract":"Dysfunction of the gastrointestinal system in Helicobacter pylori lesions significantly reduces the absorption of not only calcium (Ca), but also vitamin D and other nutrients, the intake of which is critical for bone formation. H. pylory can contribute to the formation of osteoporosis and due to the development of the inflammatory process. The inflammatory process is an important component of the pathogenesis of the above bone disease. Objective: to study of the levels of 25(OH)D and interleukin-1β in blood serum in postmenopausal OP in women with a positive test for antibodies to the Helicobacter pylori CagA antigen. Materials and methods. The study included 250 postmenopausal women, whose indicators (Me [Q1; Q3]) were 62 [56; 68] years, and the duration of the postmenopausal period is 13 [7; 20] years. In all patients, the content of 25(OH)D and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations were determined in blood serum samples. And total antibodies (IgA, IgM, IgG) to the CagA antigen of the pathogen Helicobacter pylori. Results. In the female group with postmenopausal osteoporosis, the presence of helicobacteriosis is associated with a decrease in the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood serum by 14.8% (p=0.045). Serum IL-1β values in postmenopausal women do not depend on H. pylori infection (p>0.05). A negative correlation was found between the values of 25(OH)D and IL-1β in women with osteoporosis and a positive test for total antibodies to H. pylori (rs=-0.25; p<0.05). Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrate that the decrease in vitamin D depends on the infection with Helicobacter pylori in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (p=0.045). The results of the studies obtained can be used in the diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic measures for women in the postmenopausal period.","PeriodicalId":24060,"journal":{"name":"Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80986012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of GHK peptide and its structure analogues, D-Ala-GHK AND GHK-D-Ala, on innate immunity and lipid peroxidation processes in skin wound","authors":"Kamila K. Rakhmetova, I. Bobyntsev, A. Bezhin, Maksim E. Dolgintsev, A. O. Vorvul","doi":"10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2023-1/05","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to study the effects of the GHK peptide and its structure analogues on the mechanisms of innate immunity and lipid peroxidation in wound. Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on 70 male Wistar rats. The skin wound was modeled by applying a full-layer wound with an area of 250 mm2 on the animal's back. The peptides Gly-His-Lys (GHK), D-Ala-Gly-His-Lys (D-Ala-GHK), and Gly-His-Lys-D-Ala (GHK-D-Ala) were used in doses of 0.5 μg/kg and 1.5 μg/kg, which it was administered intradermally in doses of 0.5 μg/kg and 1.5 μg/kg in a volume of 0.1 ml for 3, 7 or 10 days. The activity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) processes in blood serum was assessed by the content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and acylhydroperoxides (AHP). The antioxidant mechanisms were evaluated by determining the activity of catalase and the total antioxidant activity (OAA) of blood serum. Phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils was assessed by phagocytic index (PI) and phagocytic number (PN). The activity of oxygen-dependent mechanisms in phagocytes was evaluated in a spontaneous nitroblue tetrazolium test (NBT). Results. After the administration of GHK, the tendency to PI, PN and completeness of phagocytosis prevailed, which mainly persisted with the use of peptides D-Ala-GHK and GHK-D-Ala. At the same time, the GHK-D-Ala peptide at a dose of 1.5 μg/kg had the most stable effect on phagocytic activity. The data obtained in the NBT are largely consistent with the PN indicators. At the same time, the effects of structural analogues, unlike GHK, were manifested throughout the experiment. Significantly significant changes in the activity of LPO and antioxidant mechanisms were observed with the use of all peptides. However, their dynamics, orientation and severity throughout the experiment were quite complex. Conclusion. GHK and its structural analogues, D-Ala-GHK and GHK-D-Ala, had an effect on the indicators of innate immunity and LPO in a skin wound, the severity and direction of which depends on the healing period. At the same time, the most pronounced and stable effects were observed when using GHK-D-Ala. That demonstrates the importance of protecting the tripeptide molecule from the action of carboxypeptidases.","PeriodicalId":24060,"journal":{"name":"Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84074164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}