ZooKeys最新文献

{"title":"Spotlighting Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) in Zambia: a new species and the urgent need for further exploration.","authors":"Noah Meier, Alexandra Viertler, Meekness Kapaale, Cyprian Katongo, Tamara Spasojevic","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.1234.144751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.144751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The parasitoid Darwin wasps (Ichneumonidae) are one of the most species-rich families of insects, with a crucial role in ecosystem functioning while many species are known as potential biological control agents. However, the group is poorly studied, especially in the Afrotropical realm, where for several countries only a handful of species have been recorded. Zambia is one of the countries with the fewest records for Darwin wasps with only 26 species reported in the largest Ichneumonidae database, \"Taxapad\", from 2016 and subsequent publications. In this study, the species of Darwin wasps recorded from Zambia were reviewed and complemented with newly collected species in the Northern Province, to provide a first preliminary checklist of Darwin wasps in Zambia. Our findings increased the number of species known for Zambia to 44, which might still represent as little as 1.7% of the true diversity of the group. Despite the limited scale of the study, one new species of Afrotropical Cremastinae, <i>Pristomerusroussei</i> Meier, Viertler & Spasojevic, <b>sp. nov.</b>, is described. The study thus highlights both the substantial potential for discovery of new taxa and significant gaps in our knowledge about the Darwin wasp diversity in Zambia. To tackle these shortcomings, comprehensive collecting efforts considering the various ecotypes found in Zambia are recommended, as well as studies of natural history collections, collaborative effort by taxonomic experts, and enhancing local capacities for taxonomic research by involving students and enlarging local natural history collections.</p>","PeriodicalId":24051,"journal":{"name":"ZooKeys","volume":"1234 ","pages":"341-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel brood-site pollination mutualism between sympetalous <i>Heterosmilax</i> (Smilacaceae, Liliales) and a cecidomyiid gall midge (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera) breeding in fallen male flowers.","authors":"Makoto Kato, Atsushi Kawakita","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.1234.146453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.146453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Heterosmilax</i> is a unique dioecious genus of Smilacaceae (Liliales, Monocotyledon) in that both male and female flowers are sympetalous, ellipsoid, and almost closed. Our field observations in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan showed that <i>H.japonica</i> flowers are visited and pollinated exclusively by females of one cecidomyiid gall midge species, whose larvae breed in fallen male flowers and feed initially on pollen and later on floral tissue. This is the first example of obligate gall midge-associated brood-site pollination mutualism in which the pollinator brood site is fallen male flowers. The pollinator gall midge is described as <i>Dasineuraheterosmilacicola</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> (tribe Dasineurini, supertribe Lasiopteridi). A molecular phylogenetic analysis reveals that it derived from a flower parasite or flower-bud galler. The sympetalous ellipsoid male flowers are thought to have adapted to allow pollen dusting on the post-abdomen of the pollinator midge, in addition to protecting and incubating internal pollinator larvae in the fallen flowers.</p>","PeriodicalId":24051,"journal":{"name":"ZooKeys","volume":"1234 ","pages":"397-416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delineation of species of the <i>Tetramoriumcaespitum</i> complex (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Anatolia with a diagnosis of related species-complexes.","authors":"Herbert C Wagner, Marion Cordonnier, Bernard Kaufmann, Kadri Kiran, Celal Karaman, Roland Schultz, Bernhard Seifert, Sándor Csősz","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.1234.142963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.142963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high level of morphological crypsis of the hyper-diverse Palearctic <i>Tetramoriumcaespitum</i> group have challenged taxonomists for decades. Within this group, Wagner et al. (2017) offered a multidisciplinary solution for the delimitation of ten European species of the <i>Tetramoriumcaespitum</i> complex. Anatolia, harboring a high level of endemism in ants, has never been subject of focus research within this genus. In this study, the <i>Tetramoriumcaespitum</i> complex diversity in Anatolia and the Caucasus region was investigated by examining 191 nest-samples using an in-depth integrative-taxonomic approach. Quantitative morphometric and microsatellite data of 505 and 133 workers, respectively, and genital-morphology data of 33 nests were collected. Unsupervised analyses provided independent species-hypotheses based on the morphological and molecular disciplines. Based on the final species-hypotheses, we confirm <i>T.caespitum</i> (Linnaeus, 1758), <i>T.hungaricum</i> Röszler, 1935, <i>T.indocile</i> Santschi, 1927, <i>T.caucasicum</i>Wagner et al., 2017, <i>T.impurum</i> (Foerster, 1850), <i>T.immigrans</i> Santschi, 1927, and <i>T.flavidulum</i> Santschi, 1910 as valid species of the <i>T.caespitum</i> complex occurring in Anatolia. A lectotype of <i>T.flavidulum</i> was designated. The host of the temporary social-parasitic species <i>Tetramoriumaspina</i> Wagner et al., 2018 is <i>T.caucasicum</i> instead of <i>T.immigrans</i> - as it was suggested before. An identification key to species complexes of the <i>T.caespitum</i> group and to workers of the species of the <i>T.caespitum</i> complex in Anatolia is provided. Every cluster we identified could be linked to described species and the region's species-composition is similar to those of the Balkans and Central Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":24051,"journal":{"name":"ZooKeys","volume":"1234 ","pages":"309-339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two new species of riparian hoppers (Amphipoda, Talitridae) from Trat and Samut Prakan provinces, Thailand.","authors":"Anotai Suklom, Tosaphol Saetung Keetapithchayakul, Azman Abdul Rahim, Koraon Wongkamhaeng","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.1234.140645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.140645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Floresorchestia</i> has been recorded from the South African coast throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific and Caribbean seas. <i>Platorchestia</i> exhibits a distribution along the coastlines of the Atlantic Ocean and has been documented in the Baltic and Mediterranean seas, North America, Bermuda, and South Africa; however, it has not been recorded in Southeast Asia. This study presents the discovery of two new species of <i>Floresorchestia</i> and <i>Platorchestia</i> (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from a small creek bank in Trat and Bang Pu, Samut Prakan Province, respectively. These new species, classified as riparian hoppers, significantly contribute to the existing biodiversity in Southeast Asia. <i>Floresorchestiatrisetosa</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> can be distinguished by left mandible lacinia mobilis 4-dentate; gnathopod 2 palm reaching approximately 34%; telson as broad as long, with three robust setae per lobe. <i>Platorchestiaaquaticus</i> <b>sp. nov</b>. can be distinguished by gnathopod 1 subchelate, cuspidactylate, gnathopod 2 palm reaching approximately 35%; telson with three marginal robust setae, and three apical robust setae per lobe.</p>","PeriodicalId":24051,"journal":{"name":"ZooKeys","volume":"1234 ","pages":"369-396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copulatory mechanism and genital coupling of the longhorn beetle <i>Moechotypadiphysis</i> (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae).","authors":"Dan-Wen Long, Xin Tong","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.1234.140491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.140491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The function of insect external genitalia has played a significant role in exploring insect mating mechanisms and male fertilization strategies. However, due to the privacy of genital coupling, insect copulatory mechanisms have only been investigated in a few insect groups. In this study, we observed the mating behavior using freeze-fixated pairs in copula to reveal the copulatory mechanism of the longhorn beetle <i>Moechotypadiphysis</i> (Pascoe, 1871). At the beginning stage of mating, the male <i>M.diphysis</i> usually takes 30 min to control the female and then extends its median lobe and endophallus. Approximately 80% of males (19/24) of <i>M.diphysis</i> exhibit multiple expansions (the membranous endophallus expands and enters into the female genital tract), ranging from two to five times. There are two types of expansions: short ones lasting for 1.4 to 49 s and long ones ranging from 1.03 to 7.23 min. During copulation, male tarsi continuously grasped the female elytra, thorax, and abdomen to help the male to initiate and maintain copulation. Male genital structures are closely connected to female genital structures: the apical phallomere and flagellum on the male endophallus contacting the bursa copulatrix duct and the spermathecal duct of the female, and the abundant microstructures on the surface of the everted male endophallus directly anchoring the female genital tract. Finally, we discuss the possible reasons for the evolution of their complex mating-related structures. Our research will help to explore the evolutionary mechanisms of insect genital structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":24051,"journal":{"name":"ZooKeys","volume":"1234 ","pages":"275-290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic and ecological divergence support recognition of a new species of endangered <i>Satyrium</i> butterfly (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae).","authors":"Zachary G MacDonald, Julian R Dupuis, James R N Glasier, Robert Sissons, Axel Moehrenschlager, H Bradley Shaffer, Felix A H Sperling","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.1234.143893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.143893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a highly isolated population of hairstreak butterfly from Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta, Canada, as a new species, <i>Satyriumcuriosolus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, previously recognized as <i>Satyriumsemiluna</i> (Half-moon Hairstreak). We propose \"Curiously Isolated Hairstreak\" as the common name due to its disjunct and unusual distribution. Previous whole-genome analyses revealed <i>S.curiosolus</i> has extremely low genomic diversity and is highly divergent from the nearest <i>S.semiluna</i> populations in British Columbia and Montana, more than 400 km distant. Further analysis suggested prolonged inbreeding and isolation for up to ~40,000 years BP. Ecological niche modeling indicated that <i>S.curiosolus</i> occupies environmental conditions that are distinct from <i>S.semiluna</i>, suggesting niche divergence driven by long-term geographical and ecological separation. While host plant and ant associations have not been definitively resolved, they likely differ between <i>S.curiosolus</i> and <i>S.semiluna</i>. As part of this description, we provide whole-genome consensus sequences for each individual of the type series and identify 21,985 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are divergently fixed between <i>S.curiosolus</i> and <i>S.semiluna</i>, including 117 unlinked SNPs distributed across the genome as putative diagnostic markers. Previously listed as Endangered in Canada as the Waterton population of <i>S.semiluna</i>, <i>S.curiosolus</i> should retain this conservation status due to its extreme isolation, small population size, and flatlined genomic diversity. We propose species recognition as a testable hypothesis under the General Lineage Concept and recommend further research to explore the taxonomy, ecological relationships, and conservation of the greater species complex, including <i>S.curiosolus</i>, <i>S.semiluna</i>, and <i>S.fuliginosa</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":24051,"journal":{"name":"ZooKeys","volume":"1234 ","pages":"291-307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the genus <i>Isca</i> (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae) from China with a new species and a new species record.","authors":"De-Wen Gong, Chang-Fa Zhou","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.1234.140905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.140905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previously, only one <i>Isca</i> species (<i>Iscapurpurea</i> Gillies, 1951) was recorded in China. In this review, three <i>Isca</i> species are presented and photographed. Among them, <i>I.acutata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> is a new species with an acute male penal apex, a uniform brown abdomen of the imago, and a bilamellate gill VII of the nymph. Another species, <i>I.fascia</i>, previously reported from Vietnam, is found in China for the first time. The nymphs of <i>I.fascia</i> exhibit a banded body and a convex apex of the penes. The structure of the third species <i>I.purpurea</i>, shown graphically, has separated penes and a paler nymphal body than the other two species. The diverse morphology of the penes, wings, venation, and gills show that <i>Isca</i> has diverse species and evolutionary directions, suggesting that the previous subgeneric classification may not adequately represent some species. Biologically, their nymphs were observed living in tiny pits on substrate surfaces, where their ventral gills may facilitate respiration while they hide.</p>","PeriodicalId":24051,"journal":{"name":"ZooKeys","volume":"1234 ","pages":"239-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of two new species of the genus <i>Pteromalus</i> Swederus (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae, Pteromalinae) from Xinjiang, China.","authors":"Qin Li, Ya-Lin Liu, Guo-Hua Yan, Tong-You Zhang, Hui Xiao, Hong-Ying Hu","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.1234.145429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.145429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two new species of <i>Pteromalus</i> Swederus (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae, Pteromalinae), <i>Pteromalussteppensis</i> Li & Hu, <b>sp. nov.</b> and <i>Pteromalusxiaomoheensis</i> Yan & Li, <b>sp. nov.</b>, are described and illustrated for the first time. <i>Pteromalussteppensis</i> Li & Hu, <b>sp. nov.</b> was reared as a primary, solitary ectoparasitoid of the larval and pupal stages of <i>Orchestessteppensis</i> Korotyaev, 2016 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Figures of its development and its host damage are also provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":24051,"journal":{"name":"ZooKeys","volume":"1234 ","pages":"221-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intruders in beehives? New bee-associated <i>Ellingsenius</i> species (Pseudoscorpiones, Cheliferidae) from China based on morphological data and molecular analyses, with comments on pseudoscorpion-bee relationships.","authors":"Zhizhong Gao, Jianzhou Sun, Feng Zhang","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.1234.144259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.144259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Ellingseniusrenae</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, encountered in Guizhou, southern China and the eighth species of the genus, is described and illustrated. An analysis of the <i>COI</i> mitochondrial gene (LCO1490/HC02198) confirms the identity of the new species. An identification key to all <i>Ellingsenius</i> species is provided, and comments on the pseudoscorpion-bee relationships are included.</p>","PeriodicalId":24051,"journal":{"name":"ZooKeys","volume":"1234 ","pages":"259-274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the taxonomy and distribution of <i>Scolomus</i> (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), including the description of a new Andean species and an updated identification key.","authors":"Rodrigo O Araujo, Isamara Silva-Santos, Andrés Moreira-Muñoz, Cristian Montalva, Diego G Pádua","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.1234.145472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1234.145472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Scolomus</i> Townes & Townes, 1950 is a genus in Ichneumonidae, with six species occurring in the Holarctic and Neotropical regions. In this study, a new species is described from Chile, <i>Scolomusvalenzuelai</i> Araujo, Pádua & Silva-Santos, <b>sp. nov.</b> Also, the female of <i>S.magellanicus</i> Walkley, 1962 is described for the first time and new occurrences of <i>S.maculatus</i> Araujo & Vivallo, 2018, and <i>S.magellanicus</i> are reported from Chile, including the northernmost record of this genus in South America. Additionally, we provide an updated identification key for all known species of the genus.</p>","PeriodicalId":24051,"journal":{"name":"ZooKeys","volume":"1234 ","pages":"207-219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}