Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova最新文献

{"title":"[Ethnic features of multipathology in elderly and senile patients of the Republic of Sakha suffering from chronic brain ischemia].","authors":"P I Kudrina, A N Bogolepova, A L Ariev","doi":"10.17116/jnevro202312307150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro202312307150","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To study ethnic characteristics of multipathology in elderly and senile patients with chronic cerebral ischemia living in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS\u0000The study included 522 inpatients, aged 60 to 89 years, who were divided into subgroups depending on the stage of chronic cerebral ischemia, ethnicity (Evens, Yakuts and Russians) and age (elderly and senile).\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000In addition to vascular cerebral pathology, comorbidities were identified in patients of older age groups. At the same time, polymorbidity was less pronounced in the Evens, the indigenous inhabitants of the northern regions of Yakutia, than in the Yakuts and representatives of the non-indigenous population - Russians.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The relatively rare occurrence of comorbid pathologies in Evens is presumably associated with greater adaptation to the extreme climatic conditions of the North.","PeriodicalId":24030,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9941864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical characteristics and short-term outcomes of autoimmune encephalitis in adults].","authors":"E O Chekanova,&nbsp;A A Shabalina,&nbsp;M N Zakharova","doi":"10.17116/jnevro2023123072103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro2023123072103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize clinical, paraclinical features and short-term outcomes in different types of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) in a one-center cohort of Russian patients, as well as to evaluate the frequency and significance of the joint expression of antineuronal and anti-glial antibodies (Abs) in AE.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Forty-one patients were diagnosed with AE at the Research Center of Neurology from November 2020 to December 2022. Demographic, clinical characteristics, results of laboratory tests, MRI of brain, treatment and outcomes of disease were analyzed. The analysis of Abs to glial antigens (myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein - MOG, glial fibrillar acidic protein - GFAP, aquaporin 4 - AQP-4) was performed by indirect immunofluorescence assay (Euroimmun, Germany).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 24 (58.5%) patients was established definite AE, confirmed by specific Abs detection; in 2 (4.9%) - definite limbic encephalitis, in 15 (36.6%) - seronegative probable AE (including 3 cases of Hashimoto's encephalitis). GFAP-Abs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were detected only in two patients - with clinical and MRI-picture of autoimmune GFAP-astrocytopathy (A-GFAP-A). GFAP- and MOG-Abs in the blood were detected in 25.7% and 6%, respectively, AQP-4-Abs were not detected. There were no correlations between co-expression with glial Abs and clinical characteristics. Systemic and antithyroid Abs were present in 15% and 31%, respectively. Paraneoplastic AE accounted for 22%. For the first time in the Russian population, 2 cases of A-GFAP-A, 6 cases of AE associated with COVID-19 were described. The most common first syndrome were epileptic seizure (34%), psychiatric (29%) and cognitive (14%) disorders. Relapses of AE was observed in 22%. Inflammatory changes in CSF were detected in 41%, focal changes on MRI in 68%. First-line immune therapy was performed in all patients, 85% of cases received pulse therapy with methylprednisolone. Second-line immune therapy (rituximab or cyclophosphamide intravenously) was performed in 19.5%, 78% of patients achieved significant improvement during treatment (scores ≤2 on the modified Rankin scale).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results allow us to consider COVID-19 as a trigger of AE. The absence of detection of GFAP-Abs in CSF in patients with other types of AE contributes to the confirmation of the specificity of GFAP-seropositivity of CSF for the diagnosis of A-GFAP-A. The expression of GFAP- and MOG-Abs in AE can serve as confirmation of the immuno-mediated etiology of the disease, which is especially important for the AE diagnosis in the absence of antineuronal Abs.</p>","PeriodicalId":24030,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10027485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Microbiota markers level in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with different types of multiple sclerosis and radiologically isolated syndrome].","authors":"M A Omarova,&nbsp;V S Rogovskii,&nbsp;T Sh Sadekov,&nbsp;G I Sadekova,&nbsp;O G Zhilenkova,&nbsp;A N Boyko","doi":"10.17116/jnevro202312307296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro202312307296","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To assess the level of microbiota markers in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with different types of multiple sclerosis (MS), people with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) and control subjects.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS\u0000We used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to evaluate the levels of microbiota markers in 69 patients with different types of MS (27 patients in the acute stage, 35 patients with MS in remission, 7 patients with primary-progressive MS), 10 people with RIS, and 47 control subjects (different diseases of the nervous system of a non-autoimmune or inflammatory nature).\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000We showed a statistically significant increase in the content of various microbiota markers in the CSF of patients with MS compared with the control group. We found no change in the content of these markers in blood of patients with MS. This suggests a change of markers of microbial load at the level of the central nervous system, but not at the level of the whole organism. The greatest number of statistically significant differences with the control group was found in the content of markers in CSF of patients with MS in remission. In the acute stage, on the contrary, we found no statistically significant differences compared to the control group. In particular, in CSF of patients with MS in remission, a statistically significant increase in the content of bacterial plasmalogen (4.5 times), and increase in the level of microbial markers specific to Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Eubacterium, Bifidobacterium, Butirivibrio, Moraxella, Acinetobacter, Propionibacterium acnes, as well as an increase of markers of the Epstein-Barr virus were found. In addition, there was an increase of campesterol, the likely source of which is campesterol-producing microfungi. In the CSF of subjects with RIS there were a statistically significant increase in the level of markers of the Epstein-Barr virus, Propionibacterium acnes, as well as Pseudomonas, Moraxella, and Acinetobacter.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000An association of MS with polymicrobial infection is possible. It is also likely that there is a certain pattern of increase of microbiota markers in the CSF of patients with MS, but not in blood.","PeriodicalId":24030,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10028065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[B vitamins and brain dysfunction].","authors":"D A Iskra,&nbsp;A G Trufanov","doi":"10.17116/jnevro202312307197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro202312307197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An unbalanced diet and some other factors are the reason for the extreme prevalence of hypovitaminosis among the population of both developing and developed countries. The metabolic relationships of B vitamins determine the more frequent occurrence of poly-, rather than monovitamin deficiency. Since B vitamins play an important role in the processes of energy production and in the functioning of neurotransmitter systems, the first symptoms of such polyhypovitaminosis are signs of brain dysfunction: asthenia, depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders. Correct diagnosis of polyhypovitaminosis based on the identification of risk groups of patients and the determination of their subclinical or early manifesting signs of brain dysfunction is the most important task of a practicing physician. Detection of insufficient intake and vitamin content, as well as verification of the onset of symptoms of brain dysfunction and the appointment of adequate therapy can significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment, as well as prevent asthenic, psycho-emotional and cognitive disorders in patients with polyhypovitaminosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":24030,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9872260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Tractography in functional neuronavigation].","authors":"A Yu Dmitriev,&nbsp;V G Dashyan","doi":"10.17116/jnevro202312307112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro202312307112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The review addresses the combined use of tractography and neuronavigation. Fundamentals of diffusion tensor imaging are given, technical aspects of fiber tracking in general and in depicting separate subcortical tracts are described. Main advantages of the method and possible causes of errors are highlighted. Precision assessment of this technology is given by comparing with results of subcortical neurostimulation. Surgical tactics is described depending on distance between the tumor and subcortical pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":24030,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9877581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Relationship of patients with multiple sclerosis to vaccination against COVID-19].","authors":"E L Turova","doi":"10.17116/jnevro202312307229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro202312307229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the attitude of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) to vaccination as a method of preventing infectious diseases, in particular, COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The data of a survey of 408 patients with MS in the Sverdlovsk region in relation to vaccination against COVID-19, conducted using the original questionnaire, were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the survey data, 266 (65.2%) patients with MS are positive about vaccination. 222 (54.4%) patients with MS refused vaccination. The most common reasons for refusal were - fear that the vaccine could worsen the state of health - 44.1%, coronavirus infection in the last 6 months - 14.85%, «I was always told that I should not be vaccinated» - 14.4%, a combination of the above answers - 16.65%. The accumulated world experience and our observations demonstrate the important role of vaccination of patients with MS from COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is necessary to rise the awareness of vaccination among patients with MS, since until recently this has been given insufficient attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":24030,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10326933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Improving the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy in comorbid patients with chronic cerebral ischemia on an outpatient basis].","authors":"T L Vizilo,&nbsp;E G Arefieva","doi":"10.17116/jnevro202312303151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro202312303151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the efficacy and safety of sequential therapy with Mexidol (500 mg 1 time/day for 14 days intravenously) and Mexidol FORTE 250 (Mexidol FORTE 250 for 250 mg 3 times/day, 60 days) in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) on an outpatient basis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The open comparative study included 56 patients aged 46-74 years, age - 60.5+7.9 years. In all patients, the diagnosis of CCI was confirmed by clinical and neuroimaging methods. Patients of group 1 (<i>n</i>=28) received basic therapy and Mexidol, group 2 (<i>n</i>=28) received only basic therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Against the background of therapy in patients of group 1, there was a statistically significant improvement in the state of cognitive functions, a decrease in the severity of symptoms of depression and anxiety, manifestations of asthenia. The treatment was characterized by good tolerability, absence of adverse events and cases of drug interactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sequential therapy with Mexidol and Mexidol FORTE 250 drugs provides relief of the main clinical manifestations of CCI, is characterized by good tolerability and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":24030,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9215105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Modern principles of therapy for patients with spinal muscular atrophy].","authors":"N S Bofanova,&nbsp;A R Eliseeva,&nbsp;V S Onchina","doi":"10.17116/jnevro202312303134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro202312303134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a common cause of childhood mortality among hereditary diseases of the central nervous system, which are caused by the processes of degeneration and death of motor neurons of the anterior horns of the spinal cord. An urgent issue of modern neurology is pathogenetic therapy for this group of patients, the purpose of which is to increase the level of motoneuron survival protein. We performed a search on current methods of treating SMA in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Embase by the keywords: spinal muscular atrophy, neuromuscular diseases, pathogenetic therapy. Significant progress has been made in the treatment of SMA over the past 7 years. A major advance is the introduction of disease-modifying therapies using SMN2 splicing modulation or gene replacement therapy. At the moment, there are 3 FDA-approved drugs for pathogenetic therapy: Nusinersen, Risdiplam, Zolgensma. The article compares the drugs, evaluates their safety and effectiveness according to the available literature. Modern drugs for the pathogenetic therapy of SMA are highly effective and reduce the mortality rate. The results of clinical trials predict the emergence of new modern drugs. This suggests a favorable prognosis for the treatment of patients with SMA.</p>","PeriodicalId":24030,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9215109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effectiveness of rehabilitation with virtual reality and biofeedback in recovery of hand function after stroke].","authors":"E V Kostenko,&nbsp;L V Petrova,&nbsp;M Yu Martynov,&nbsp;I V Pogonchenkova","doi":"10.17116/jnevro202312303268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro202312303268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the rehabilitation glove (RG) with virtual reality (VR) and biofeedback (BFB) on recovery of the hand function in patients during the late recovery period after first hemispheric ischemic stroke (IS).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was randomized and controlled. One hundred and six patients (age 58.8±4.3 years, time after stroke onset - 8.7±2.1 months) were included in the final analysis. The intervention group (<i>n</i>=56) received rehabilitation with RG and VR. The control group (<i>n</i>=50) received individualized physical therapy. The primary end points were a change in the Fugl-Meyer scale score (FMA-UE), in the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and in the nine holes peg test (NHPT). Secondary end points included changes in MRCS, MAS, MoCA, HADS, modified Barthel index (MBI) and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Improvement of the motor function in the intervention group on FMA-UE scale (an increase of ≥7 points in sections A-D) was observed in 46.4% of patients, on ARAT (an increase of ≥5 points) in 53.6% of patients. There was a significant decrease in time from 36.8±6.3 sec. to 22.0±3.9 sec. on NHPT. A negative correlation was observed between the average ARAT score and anxiety (<i>r</i>=-0.7; <i>p</i><0.05) and depression (<i>r</i>=-0.67; <i>p</i><0.05). There was also a significant increase in EQ-5D-5L (VAS) by the end of rehabilitation in both groups with better scores in the intervention group (<i>p</i>=0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rehabilitation based on VR, RG, and BFB is effective in the rehabilitation of dexterous hand function in patients with first hemispheric IS.</p>","PeriodicalId":24030,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9204133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A clinical case of multiple sclerosis with an episode of schizophrenia-like syndrome].","authors":"U Sh Kuzmina,&nbsp;A V Tukhvatullin,&nbsp;K Z Bakhtiyarova,&nbsp;M A Kutlubaev,&nbsp;O V Lyutov,&nbsp;T R Gizatullin","doi":"10.17116/jnevro2023123041120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro2023123041120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents a clinical observation of a schizophrenia-like disorder in a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS). The patient had highly active MS with a relapsing course, the diagnosis was made based on the McDonald 2017 criteria. During the course of a demyelinating disease of the nervous system, the patient developed an episode of psychotic disorders with symptoms of mutism, hallucinations, delusions and impaired thinking, which was quickly stopped in stationary conditions. This case is of particular interest to neurologists and psychiatrists, since psychotic disorders occur in MS patients and cause difficulties in diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":24030,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9422012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}