Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii最新文献

{"title":"POSSIBILITIES OF USE OF IMMUNE MODULATORS IN COMPLEX THERAPY OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIAS","authors":"E. S. Korovkina, M. Kostinov, S. Kazharova","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-101-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-101-111","url":null,"abstract":"Внебольничная пневмония (ВП) была и остается одной из актуальных проблем здра­ воохранения в связи с сохраняющейся высокой заболеваемостью и смертностью. При анализе литературных данных выявляются схожие тенденции в характере иммунного от­ вета пациентов с ВП, а именно формирование иммунного ответа по гуморальному пути (ТЬ2) с подавлением клеточного ответа (ТЫ), при этом недостаточность клеточного и гуморального механизмов иммунитета и дисбаланс цитокинового звена определяют тя­ жесть течения данного заболевания. Включение в традиционную терапию иммуномоду­ лирующих препаратов позволяет усилить ответ на уже проводимое лечение. Одним из отечественных иммуномодуляторов является препарат азоксимера бромид (полиоксиданий), назначение которого помогает сократить продолжительность итяжестьзаболевания, а также снизить частоту развития затяжных форм заболевания. Также в последние годы среди иммуномодулирующих препаратов особый интерес вызывают иммуномодуляторы бактериального происхождения, на основе которых конструируются антибактериальные терапевтические вакцины. Среди отечественных препаратов указанной группы выделя­ ется поликомпонентная вакцина Иммуновак ВП-4. За прошедшие годы клинико­ иммунологический эффект действия Иммуновак ВП-4 исследован при разных патологи­ ях и методах введения у взрослых и детей. Выявленные особенности действия Иммуновак ВП-4 подтверждают первичность нарушений иммунной системы, на фоне чего развива­ ется та или иная патология, что является основанием для включения в базисную терапию заболеваний иммуномодулирующих препаратов.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"48 1","pages":"101-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83974640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"YOUNG AGE CHILDREN WITH INTESTINE DYSBIOSIS AS CARRIERS OF ENTEROAGGREGATIVE ESCHERICHIA COLI","authors":"M. Makarova, L. Suzhaeva, L. Kaftyreva","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-54-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-54-58","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Study the prevalence of diarrhea-genic E. coli of the enteroaggregative group in children with intestine dysbiosis. Materials and methods. PCR method was used to study virulence factors in 511 strains of E. coli isolated during bacteriologic study of feces samples from 393 children aged less than 2 years. Sensitivity to antibiotics was determined by disc-diffusion method, results interpretation - according to clinical recommendations Determination of sensitivity of microorganisms to antimicrobial preparations, 2015. Results. 23 enteroaggregative E. coli strains were identified (EAggEC). All the strains had aaf gene coding aggregative-adhesion fimbriae and 4 other genes (aggR, ast, aap, aatA) in various combinations coding virulence factors EAggEC. 19 strains (87%) were not sensitive to antimicrobial preparations. Resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins was determined by the production of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of CTX-M genetic family and AmpC cephalosporinase. Conclusion. Results of the study have shown that 6% of children with intestine dysbiosis are EAggEC carriers, that gives evidence on the necessity of detection of EAggEC strains - a novel group of diarrhea-genic E. coli not only in patients with diarrhea syndrome, but also using intestine dysbiosis.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"2 1","pages":"54-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88903540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIODIVERSITY AND ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE OF OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENIC ENTEROBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM SURFACE RESERVOIRS OF ROSTOV-ON-DON","authors":"A. Trishina, E. Bereznyak, I. Simonova, L. M. Verkina, A. Bereznyak, M. V. Poleeva","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-17-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-17-23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Study biodiversity, sensitivity/resistance to antibacterial preparation (ABP) of opportunistic microorganisms of Enterobacteriaceae family isolated from surface reservoirs of Rostov-on-Don in 2014 - 2016. Materials and methods. Determination of genus and species membership of enterobacteria was carried out by the results of a complex of biochemical tests using MALDI Biotyper program-apparatus unit. Sensitivity to ABP was determined by serial dilution method. Results. 468 strains of opportunistic and pathogenic enterobacteria were isolated during the study. 20 genera, 33 species of microorganisms were identified. (37.0%), Klebsiella (13.2%), Citrobacter (8.0%) predominated. 8.5% of the strains isolated in 2014 were sensitive to ABP, 5.2% - in 2015; strains sensitive to ABP were not detected in 2016. The number of polyresistant isolates has increased during the last 3 years: 40.7% strains in 2014,60.1 % in 2015. 80,0% in 2016. Ceftriaxone, gentamycin and ciprofloxacin had high activity against the isolated enterobacteria. The highest resistance was documented against ampicillin, nalidixic acid, nitro-furane, co-trimoxazole. Conclusion. The data obtained allow to evaluate the dynamics of increase of polyresistant strains of enterobacteria isolated from surface reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"38 1","pages":"17-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89663348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF IMMUNE RESPONSE DURING VARIOUS SCHEMES OF USE OF BACTERIAL THERAPEUTIC VACCINE IMMUNOVAC VP-4","authors":"Krasnoproshina Li, T. Serova, E. P. Foshina, I. V. Bisheva, Skhodova Sa","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-23-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-23-30","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Study the dynamics of immunologic parameters in patients with chronic bacterial infec­ tions during various schemes of administration of Immunovac VP-4 vaccine. Materials and meth­ ods. Parameters of systemic immunity and levels of specific antibodies of various isotypes in blood sera and saliva against vaccine antigens of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were evaluated in patients (20 individuals, 18 — 50 years of age) distributed into 2 groups by vaccine administration type twice (before and 0,5 — 1,5 months after vaccine therapy course). Results. Local vaccination resulted in an increase of only IgA levels in saliva and both bacterial antigens, whereas parameters of systemic immunity before and after vaccination did not differ. Subcutaneous vaccination increased the level of sera antibodies of A- and G- isotypes against both bacterial antigens, normalized the decreased level of CD8+ lymphocytes and an increased value of the im­ mune regulating index; a tendency of increase of the percentage of CD3+ T-cells and reduction of the percentage of CD4+ T-helpers was observed. Conclusion. An optimal scheme of a combined vaccine therapy should be developed to obtain a complex effect, that would allow to simultane­ ously reach long-term local and systemic antibacterial immunity, as well as show immune modu­ lating effect regarding cell compartment.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"186 1","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85628239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBLEMS OF FINAL PHASE POLIOMYELITIS ERADICATION PROGRAMME","authors":"O. P. Chernyavskaya, N. Briko","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-75-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-75-81","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"44 6 1","pages":"75-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80441521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DETECTION OF MARKERS OF HERPES VIRUS INFECTION AND PNEUMOCYSTOSIS IN CHILDREN FROM HIV-INFECTED MOTHERS","authors":"P. A. Savinkov, Rybalkina Tn, N. Karazhas, R. E. Boshyan, M. Kalugina, Kornienko Mn, E. Rusakova, E. Burmistrov, I. Soldatova","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-67-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-67-74","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Study the role of herpes viruses and pneumocystis in infectious complications in children from HIV-infected mothers. Materials and methods. Sera and blood cells from 59 children from HIV-infected mothers were studied for the presence of various markers of herpes virus infections and pneumocystosis by a complex of methods of modem laboratory diagnostics. Results. Frequency of detection of markers of herpes virus infection was from 10% for chicken pox in children with non-final HIV test to 93% for herpes simplex virus in HIV-infected children from closed organized groups. Signs of active infection in children with laboratory confirmed HIV infection were diag­ nosed 2.5 times more frequently for HSV infection and chicken pox and 1.8 times more fre­ quently for HHV-6 and pneumocystis than in children with non-final HIV test. Markers of various disease stages with opportunistic infections (01) were detected in children with confirmed HIV-infection: primary acute and latent forms of the infection, reactivation, reconvalescence, where­ as in children with non-final HIV test maternal antibodies against herpes virus and pneumocystis predominated. Markers of active infections excluding HSV and HHV-6 were more frequently detected in children from families than in children from closed organized groups. Conclusion. The feature detected—a lower percentage of detection of markers of active forms of 01 in HIV-infected children from social institutions — is determined by the fact that observation of these children is carried out by medical personnel that have the knowledge and experience of prophylaxis of infec­ tious complications in HIV-infected children, whereas quality anti-epidemic regimen is fre­ quently not maintained regarding home children with HIV infection. Another factor facilitating spread of opportunistic infections is the asocial lifestyle of most of the examined families. These data dictate the necessity of enhancement of anti-epidemic regimen and prophylaxis of oppor­ tunistic infections in family loci. Not only HIV-infected children, but also all the family members should be examined for markers of herpes virus infection and pneumocystosis in order to detect sources of the infection and timely execution of the prophylaxis measures.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"9 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82323630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"АНТИГЕНЫ ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ СТРУКТУР HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE КАК ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ КАНДИДАТ-ВАКЦИНЫ","authors":"Н. Н. Овенко, Н. Е. Ястребова","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-82-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-82-90","url":null,"abstract":"Despite long and successful use of Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) vaccine, production of the vaccine against non-typed strains of Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is only being developed. Difficulties of this work are determined by features of NTHi compared with Hib: lack of polysaccharide capsule, high level of antigenic heterogeneity and specialties of pathogenesis development that includes spread through the organism from mucosa of the respiratory tract. Currently, 15 surface structures of NTHi are being actively studied with the aim of creating the vaccine. PE, P2, P6, PD proteins, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and others are among them. Only PD protein currently has practical application, that was used as a carrier with antigenic function in conjugated polysaccharide vaccines against pneumonia (Prevenar; PHiD-CV). Vaccination with these preparations allowed to reduce the total morbidity with acute rhinitis on children by 33 - 52%. However, this result can not be examined as final, thus, research and approbation of the vaccine-candidates continues.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"21 1","pages":"82-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83700064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS COLLECTION STRAINS ISOLATED IN SOUTH SIBERIA (1950 -2015)","authors":"S. V. Balakhonov, Kulikalova Es, A. Mazepa, A. K. Syngeeva, A. Ostyak, E. P. Mikhailov, I. I. Eshelkin, V. Shestakov","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-3-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-3-9","url":null,"abstract":"collected using Microflex LT (Bruker Daltonics, Germany) and analyzed compared with previ­ ously collected enhanced database of MALDI Biotyper 3.0. PCR with specific primers was carried out with electrophoretic visualization of results in real time. Results. F. tularensis strains isolated from south of western Siberia from 1950 to 2010 were established to belong to subspecies holarctica, and 56.3% of those — erythromycin sensitive (I biovar Erys), the rest — erythromycin-resistant (II biovar EryR). 7 strains isolated after 2011 by citrulline ureidase activity, cleavage of glycerin and presence of pdpA and pdpD fragments of pathogenicity island (FPI) were determined as Central Asian subspecies. Conclusion. Results of a retrospective study of biological properties of F. tula­ rensis strains isolated from south Siberia have shown the lack of Central Asian subspecies tularemia causative agent in the collection of Irkutsk Institute for Plague Control before 2011. Detection of this subspecies in Russian Federation gives evidence on the necessity to study and analyze problems of epidemiology, ecology and epizootology of Central Asian subspecies tularemia causative agent as well as determination of borders of its spread.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"132 1","pages":"3-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86638307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФАГОТЕРАПИИ ИНФЕКЦИЙ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С ОКАЗАНИЕМ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ, В ОТДЕЛЕНИИ НЕЙРОРЕАНИМАЦИИ","authors":"С. С. Бочкарева, А. В. Алешкин, О. Н. Ершова, Л. И. Новикова, Станислав Степанович Афанасьев, Ирина Анатольевна Киселева, Э Р Зулькарнеев, Е О Рубальский, О. Ю. Борисова, Александр Викторович Караулов","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-42-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-42-48","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Evaluate the effect of anti-phage humoral immune response on effectiveness of phage therapy of infections related to medical care (IRMC). Materials and methods. 42 patients on extended mechanical ventilation (MV) in neuroreanimation, 1 time in 2014, 4 times in 2015 and 1 time in 2016 had received bacteriophage cocktail per os - 20 ml including 6 patients - additionally 3-5 times. Effectiveness of phage therapy was evaluated by seeding of IRMC strains from samples of endotracheal aspirate, blood, urine and feces of patients before and after treatment. Results. 87.5% of samples from the patients initially had gram-negative pathogens (Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Effective sanation for the first episodes of phage therapy was confirmed in 54 - 62.5% of cases. Pharmacokinetic studies have indicated a systemic mechanism of action for enteral forms of bacteriophages. Repeated courses of phage therapy did not result in significant eradication of pathogens. Antiphage immunity after a single administration of the cocktail of bacteriophages with a certain strain composition was detected using ELISA by the presence of specific IgG titers in a range from 1/16 to 1/4096 (in patients not receiving the cocktail antibodies were not detected). Conclusion. Reduction of sanation effect of bacteriophage could be due to formation of anti-phage antibodies after a repeated course in the same patient. Changes of strain composition of phage cocktail of bacteriophages is necessary to preserve results of phage therapy.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"15 1","pages":"42-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81867339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ЛИЦЕНЗИРОВАННЫЕ СИБИРЕЯЗВЕННЫЕ ВАКЦИНЫ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ПРЕПАРАТЫ НА СТАДИИ КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ","authors":"Н. И. Микшис, П. Ю. Попова, А. П. Семакова, Владимир Кутырев","doi":"10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-112-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-4-112-126","url":null,"abstract":"High pathogenicity of anthrax agent combined with unique insensitivity of its spore forms to environmental stresses class it among extremely dangerous biological agents. Registered and effectively used anthrax vaccines made invaluable contribution to the improvement of epidemiological situation around the world. Nevertheless, neglect of non-specific prophylaxis may result in dramatic scenarios and require large-scale measures on rectification of the consequences. Efforts on the development of next-generation vaccines are aimed at safety build-up, decrease in frequency of administration, and enhancement of manufacturing technologies. The review contains the key information on licensed anthrax vaccines designed for medical use, both in the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad. Among multiple experimental developments emphasized have been preparations manufactured by various biopharmaceutical companies in compliance with GMP standards, at different phases of clinical trials in 2016.","PeriodicalId":24020,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii","volume":"14 1","pages":"112-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88922991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}