World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery最新文献

{"title":"How Does Cross-Sectional Imaging Impact the Management of Patients With Single Ventricle After Bidirectional Cavopulmonary Connection?","authors":"Ezequiel Sagray,&nbsp;Frank Cetta,&nbsp;Patrick W O'Leary,&nbsp;M Yasir Qureshi","doi":"10.1177/21501351221127900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501351221127900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is currently no consensus regarding the use of surveillance cross-sectional imaging in pediatric patients after bidirectional cavopulmonary connection (BDCPC). We sought to determine how computed tomography with angiography (CTA) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging impacted the clinical management of pediatric patients after BDCPC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center retrospective study including patients with single ventricle who had BDCPC between 2010 and 2019, and CTA/CMR studies obtained in these patients, at ≤5 years of age, and with Glenn physiology. Repeat studies on the same patient were included if the clinical situation had changed. The impact of CTA/CMR studies was categorized as <i>major</i>, <i>minor,</i> or <i>none</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four patients (63% male) and 30 imaging studies (22 CTAs) were included. 60% were obtained in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS); most common indication was <i>Follow-up after an intervention</i> (23%). 6 CMRs were performed on stable HLHS patients as part of a research protocol, with no clinical concerns. The overall impact of CTA/CMR studies was <i>major</i> in 13 cases (43.3%). CTA/CMR studies performed ≥1 year of age (62.5% vs 21.4%, <i>P</i> = .02) and in non-HLHS patients (66.7% vs 27.8%, <i>P</i> = .035) were associated with <i>major</i> impact. Also, 2/6 <i>Research</i> studies were associated with a <i>major</i> impact.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CTA/CMR imaging in pediatric patients with SV after BDCPC was associated with significant clinical impact in over 40% of cases, with a higher impact if obtained in patients ≥1 year of age and in non-HLHS patients. We cannot disregard the possibility of CMR as a surveillance imaging modality in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23974,"journal":{"name":"World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9324218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetralogy of Fallot Repair After Neonatal Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Stenting: Initial Multicenter Experience in Argentina.","authors":"Ignacio Juaneda,&nbsp;Alejandro Peirone,&nbsp;Juan Diaz,&nbsp;Irma Azar,&nbsp;Rodrigo Molinas,&nbsp;Antonio Guevara,&nbsp;Juan Despuy,&nbsp;Ernesto Juaneda","doi":"10.1177/21501351221140097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501351221140097","url":null,"abstract":"Initial management of patients with tetralogy of Fallot, unfavorable anatomy, and reduced pulmonary blood flow is controversial and continues to be a clinical challenge. Pulmonary to systemic shunt anastomosis or primary correction in neonates and small infants is associated with higher morbimortality and increased number of reoperations. Initial right ventricle outflow tract stenting palliation has emerged as an attractive alternative. We report our experience in 14 patients operated on with tetralogy of Fallot and previous right ventricle outflow tract stenting from March 2018 to June 2022. All stented patients had pulmonary annulus and main pulmonary artery Z score ≤ −2.5. Surgical outcomes, complications, and mortality at 30 days were evaluated. Patient's age and weight at surgery were 5.9 months (2-17) and 6.1 kg (3.9-8.9), respectively. Stents were completely removed in 57.1% of patients. A transannular patch was placed in 10 patients, 3 patients required a right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit due to coronary anomalies and in 1 patient, the pulmonary valve was preserved. Length of stay and ventilation time were 13.6 days (5-27) and 44.8 h (6-44), respectively. Mean time for right ventricle outflow tract stent implantation to surgical correction was 4 months (2-16). There was no mortality, and mean follow-up time of this cohort was 23.1 month (1-41). Surgical correction of severe tetralogy of Fallot after right ventricle outflow tract stenting is an effective alternative achievable without an increase in morbidity and mortality. Difficulty in stent extraction is related to the time since implantation. More number of patients and longer follow-up time are needed to confirm these initial results.","PeriodicalId":23974,"journal":{"name":"World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9325039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary Outcomes of Tracheostomy in Patients With Single Ventricle Heart Lesions.","authors":"Dominic Zanaboni,&nbsp;Sunkyung Yu,&nbsp;Ray Lowery,&nbsp;Carolyn Vitale,&nbsp;Vikram Sood,&nbsp;Kurt R Schumacher","doi":"10.1177/21501351221133775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501351221133775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Approximately 0.2% to 2.7% of children with congenital heart disease require a tracheostomy after cardiac surgery with the majority having single ventricle (SV) type heart lesions. Tracheostomy in SV patients is reported to be associated with high mortality. We hypothesized that short- and long-term survival of patients with SV heart disease would vary according to tracheostomy indication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a single center, 20-year, retrospective review of all patients with SV heart disease who underwent tracheostomy. Demographic, cardiac anatomy, surgical, intensive care unit, and hospital course data were collected. The primary outcome was survival following tracheostomy. Secondary outcome was the completion of staged palliation to Fontan.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 25 patients with SV heart disease who underwent tracheostomy were included. Indications for tracheostomy included one or more of the following: tracheobronchomalacia (n = 8), vocal cord paralysis (n = 7), tracheal/subglottic stenosis (n = 6), primary respiratory insufficiency (n = 4), diaphragm paralysis (n = 3), suboptimal hemodynamics (n = 2), and other upper airway issues (n = 1). Survival at six months, one year, five years, and ten years was 76%, 68%, 63%, and 49%, respectively. Most patients completed Fontan palliation (64%). Patients who underwent tracheostomy for suboptimal hemodynamics and/or respiratory insufficiency had a higher mortality risk compared to those with indications of upper airway obstruction or diaphragm paralysis (hazard ratio 4.1, 95% confidence interval 1.2-13.7; <i>P</i> = .02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mortality risk varies according to tracheostomy indication in patients with SV heart disease. Tracheostomy may allow staged surgical palliation to proceed with acceptable risk if it was indicated for anatomic or functional airway dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23974,"journal":{"name":"World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9318240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anomalous Right Coronary Artery Originating From the Pulmonary Artery (ARCAPA): A Rare Presentation in the Fifth Decade.","authors":"V Sharma,&nbsp;F Doig,&nbsp;Ryan Maxwell,&nbsp;D Grout,&nbsp;U Saeed,&nbsp;D Wall","doi":"10.1177/21501351221141437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501351221141437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Presented is a case report of a 54-year-old male Jehovah's Witness diagnosed with an anomalous right coronary artery originating from the main pulmonary artery with the initial presentation with a history of episodic fatigue, chest pain, palpitation, and bodily weakness. The patient was managed with reimplantation of the anomalous coronary artery onto the ascending aorta.</p>","PeriodicalId":23974,"journal":{"name":"World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9325040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative Sapien S3 Valve Placement in 2 Patients With Multi-Valvar Disease Operation: A Unique Hybrid Procedure.","authors":"Osamah Aldoss,&nbsp;Bassel Mohmmad Nijres,&nbsp;Kamel Shibbani,&nbsp;Prashob Porayette,&nbsp;Mohsen Karimi,&nbsp;Marco Ricci","doi":"10.1177/21501351221133084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501351221133084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There has been a paradigm shift in the management of patients with congenital heart disease with a move away from conventional surgical treatment in favor of a percutaneous catheter-based approach across the spectrum of valvular heart diseases. The Sapien S3 valve implantation in the pulmonary position has been previously reported using a conventional transcatheter approach in patients with pulmonary insufficiency due to an enlarged right ventricular outflow tract. In this report, we present 2 unique cases of intraoperative hybrid implantation of Sapien S3 valves in patients with complex pulmonic and tricuspid valvular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23974,"journal":{"name":"World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9680063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Secondary Antibiotic Prophylaxis Improve Clinical Outcomes in Adult Rheumatic Heart Disease Patients Post-Valve Replacement?","authors":"Abdulrazaq S Al-Jazairi,&nbsp;Ahlam M Althobaiti,&nbsp;Josef Marek,&nbsp;Edward B Devol,&nbsp;Zohair Al Halees,&nbsp;Dania Mohty,&nbsp;Bahaa M Fadel","doi":"10.1177/21501351221139834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501351221139834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Secondary prevention of recurrent rheumatic fever in individuals with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) requires continuous antibiotic prophylaxis. However, the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on the outcome of patients with severe RHD who underwent heart valve replacement is unknown. The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between the use of antibiotics as secondary prophylaxis in RHD patients who underwent valve replacement and clinical outcomes including mortality, reoperation, and valve-related hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively compared outcomes of adult patients who underwent heart valve replacement for RHD at our institution from 1990 through 2014 and who received secondary antibiotic prophylaxis (prophylaxis group) with those who did not receive prophylaxis (nonprophylaxis group) using propensity score matching analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1094 patients (56% females, median age 40 years, range 31-53 years) were included with a median follow-up of 9.6 years (range 2.9-12.6 years). Antibiotic prophylaxis was prescribed in 201 patients (18%). Propensity score matching analysis demonstrated no significant difference in overall survival (95% [92%-98%] vs 97% [95%-99%], respectively; <i>P</i> = .7), valve-related hospitalization-independent survival (72% [range 65%-78%] vs 81% [range 76%-88%]; <i>P</i> = .25), and redo valve surgery-independent survival [76% [range 70%-83%] vs 75% [range 72%-79%]; <i>P</i> = .41) at 10-year follow-up in the nonantibiotic prophylaxis versus the antibiotic prophylaxis group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Secondary antibiotic prophylaxis among adult RHD patients following valve replacement is not associated with improved clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23974,"journal":{"name":"World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9325045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normothermic Versus Hypothermic Norwood Procedure.","authors":"Eitan Keizman,&nbsp;David Mishaly,&nbsp;Eilon Ram,&nbsp;Soslan Urtaev,&nbsp;Shai Tejman-Yarden,&nbsp;Tal Tirosh Wagner,&nbsp;Alain E Serraf","doi":"10.1177/21501351221140330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501351221140330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Either deep hypothermia with circulatory arrest or hypothermic perfusion with antegrade selective cerebral perfusion is used during the Norwood procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Normothermic perfusion has been described for pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to compare the early outcomes of patients undergoing the Norwood procedure with antegrade selective cerebral perfusion under hypothermia with the procedure under normothermia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2005 to 2020, 117 consecutive patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome underwent the Norwood procedure: 68 (58.2%) under hypothermia and 49 (41.8%) under normothermia. Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion flow was adjusted to maintain right radial arterial pressure above 50 mm Hg, and a flow rate of 40 to 50 mL kg^-1 min^-1. Baseline characteristics, operative data, and postoperative outcomes including lactate recovery time were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The baseline characteristics and cardiovascular diagnosis were similar in both groups. The normothermic group had a significantly shorter bypass time (in minutes) of 90.31 (±31.60) versus 123.63 (±25.33), a cross-clamp time of 45.24 (±16.35) versus 81.93 (±16.34), and an antegrade selective cerebral perfusion time of 25.61 (±13.84) versus 47.30 (±14.35) (<i>P</i> < .001). There were no statistically significant differences in the immediate postoperative course, or in terms of in-hospital mortality, which totaled 9 (18.4%) in the normothermic group, and 10 (14.9%) in the hypothermic group (<i>P</i> = .81).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The normothermic Norwood procedure with selective cerebral perfusion is feasible and safe in terms of in-hospital mortality and short-term outcomes. It is comparable to the standard hypothermic Norwood with selective cerebral perfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":23974,"journal":{"name":"World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9329672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive Monitoring to Demonstrate Postoperative Differences in Regional Hemodynamics in Newborn Infants With d-Transposition of the Great Arteries and Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.","authors":"Prateek V Sahni,&nbsp;Ganga Krishnamurthy,&nbsp;Rakesh Sahni","doi":"10.1177/21501351221141425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501351221141425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The adequacy of tissue O₂ delivery in infants receiving intensive care is difficult to measure directly. Regional O₂ (rSO₂) and fractional tissue O₂ extraction (FTOE), the ratio of O₂ consumption to O₂ delivery, obtained from newer noninvasive tools, such as near-infrared spectroscopy (INVOS) and microvascular tissue oximetry (T-Stat) can provide important information on the adequacy of tissue oxygenation and aid in managing critically ill infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively evaluated differences in rSO₂ and FTOE in 26 infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) (n = 12) or d-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) (n = 14). Continuous noninvasive monitoring of SpO₂, heart rate, and perfusion index with pulse oximetry, cerebral-rSO₂ and renal-rSO₂ with INVOS, and buccal tissue oxygenation using T-Stat were performed during immediate postoperative period for 24 hours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SpO₂ and rSO₂ in infants with d-TGA were higher compared with the infants with HLHS at all measured sites (buccal mucosa, cerebral, and renal). Significant regional differences were also observed in FTOE across all infants with the highest at the buccal mucosa tissue level, followed by cerebral and renal measurement sites. As compared with infants with d-TGA, infants with HLHS had higher regional FTOE and heart rate, with a lower arterial O₂ content and perfusion index.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrates the utility of noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring to assess regional oxygenation and perfusion, as evidenced by significant differences in infants with HLHS and d-TGA, conditions with different circulation physiologies. Such comprehensive monitoring can potentially aid in evaluating treatment strategies aimed at preventing organ damage from O₂ insufficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":23974,"journal":{"name":"World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9380552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Experience With Crossed and Anomalous Origin of the Pulmonary Arteries From the Pulmonary Trunk: A Single Center Report of 24 Cases.","authors":"Sameh M Said,&nbsp;Eric Hoggard,&nbsp;Shanti Narasimhan","doi":"10.1177/21501351221139833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501351221139833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anomalies of the pulmonary origin of the pulmonary arteries are uncommon; however, the true incidence is unknown and may be underestimated. We sought to review our experience with this unusual pathology and examine its surgical implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed medical records between 2011 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24 patients were identified. Genetic syndromes were present in 12 patients (50%). The patients were divided into two main groups. Those with septal defects (14 patients,58.3%), and those without (10 patients, 41.7%). Aortic arch hypoplasia with/without coarctation was present in nine patients (37.5%). Pulmonary arterial branch hypoplasia and/or obstruction was present in six patients (25%) with resultant preoperative systemic or suprasystemic right ventricular pressure. Four patients (16.7%) underwent pulmonary artery branch and/or right ventricular outflow tract interventions prior to surgery. All patients underwent surgical interventions for their associated cardiac defects. The crossed pulmonary arteries were uncrossed for those four patients (16.7%) who required concomitant pulmonary arterioplasties and pulmonary arterial branch rehabilitation and who had elevated right ventricular pressures preoperatively. No early or late mortalities. One Alagille's syndrome underwent liver transplant prior to discharge. Late transcatheter interventions were needed in four (16.7%) during the follow-up period, while four patients required repeat aortic arch augmentation for recurrent arch obstruction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Anomalous origin of the pulmonary arteries from the pulmonary trunk including crossed pulmonary arteries is an uncommon anomaly that may be underrecognized. It can occur in isolation or in association with other heart defects. Recognition of this malpositional anomaly is important as it has specific surgical and/or transcatheter implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23974,"journal":{"name":"World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9380554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed Tomographic 3-Dimensional Virtual Dissection Aiding in Diagnosis and Surgical Planning of a Rare Form of Obstructed Supracardiac Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection With an Unusual Scimitar-Like Arrangement.","authors":"David M Leone,&nbsp;Peter J Gruber,&nbsp;Meredith Pesce,&nbsp;Madonna Lee,&nbsp;Cary Brown,&nbsp;Stephen Ghiroli,&nbsp;Jeremy M Steele","doi":"10.1177/21501351221133771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501351221133771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a case of a newborn with a rare presentation of obstructed supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection who required emergent cannulation to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Computed tomographic angiography of the heart was performed and using novel virtual dissection techniques aided in surgical planning and guidance. Computed tomographic angiography can be successfully performed in neonates with complex congenital heart disease on ECMO without adjustment of flows to aid in surgical management and novel virtual dissection techniques aid in complex anatomical delineation and spatial orientation with noncardiac structures. The preoperative imaging in this case allowed for appropriate and detailed presurgical planning and contributed to the excellent outcome of this patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":23974,"journal":{"name":"World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9317711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}