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Potential of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars to mitigate methane emissions from irrigated systems in Latin America and the Caribbean. 水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种减少拉丁美洲和加勒比灌溉系统甲烷排放的潜力。

All Earth Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2023.2207941

P. Soremi, N. Chirinda, E. Graterol, M. F. Alvarez

{"title":"Potential of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars to mitigate methane emissions from irrigated systems in Latin America and the Caribbean.","authors":"P. Soremi, N. Chirinda, E. Graterol, M. F. Alvarez","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2023.2207941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2207941","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In irrigated rice fields, plant-mediated transfer of CH4 from submerged soils to the atmosphere raise the possibility of genotypic differences in CH4 emissions. Previous research has been contradictory, and varietal differences in rice CH4 emissions in Latin America have not been examined. A field experiment in Colombia tested whether irrigated rice emissions might be reduced using a breeding line, an inbred variety, and two rice hybrids. Data was collected on CH4 emissions, phenotypic, root, and grain yield parameters. Variations observed in CH4 emissions, grain yield, root length, and root surface area were in the order Hybrid 2 > Hybrid 1 > breeding line > inbred variety. CH4 emissions per unit area were between 29% and 62% greater for the hybrids than the inbred variety and breeding line, and CH4 emissions per unit grain yield were comparable across genotypes. Our findings suggest that differences in root characteristics and aboveground biomass explain genetic influences on CH4 emissions. The transition to low-emission rice production systems can be accelerated by using differences in productivity and root qualities among cultivars. Key policy highlights CH4 emission intensities were comparable among the breeding line, inbred variety and hybrids. Breeding for shorter roots, lower root volume, and surface area without compromising yields may be beneficial in reducing rice-based methane emissions. High-yielding, low-CH4 emission rice should be classified as a clean development technology that qualifies for carbon credits.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122141907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of earthquake disaster recovery patterns and influencing factors: A case study of the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake 地震灾后恢复模式及影响因素评价——以2008年汶川地震为例

All Earth Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2023.2207942

Xiaolin Chen, Xue Li, Zhumei Liu

{"title":"Evaluation of earthquake disaster recovery patterns and influencing factors: A case study of the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake","authors":"Xiaolin Chen, Xue Li, Zhumei Liu","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2023.2207942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2207942","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Earthquakes will significantly impact the economic development of earthquake-affected areas and the regional post-earthquake economic recovery trajectory. We presented an explorative analysis of disaster resilience and introduced a quantitative framework to model recovery patterns of earthquake disasters. Four resilience metrics, namely instant disturbance, recovery rate, recovery time, and accumulated loss, were calculated to measure resilience as a dynamic process. Furthermore, we applied random forests to explore the potential factors influencing recovery patterns. The selected factors fell into three categories: 1) disaster factors, 2) environmental factors, and 3) socioeconomic factors. The framework’s utility was demonstrated in a retrospective study of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, which uncovered the differences in the long-term recovery trajectory of earthquake-affected areas and their influencing factors. The county-level analyses indicated a substantial spatial and temporal variation in the recovery patterns. Earthquake disaster resilience was related to socioeconomic factors and had an association with environmental and disaster factors. Our study not only helped to enrich the understanding of earthquake disaster resilience but also provided a basis for disaster mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123075499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GPU based building footprint identification utilizing self-attention multiresolution analysis 基于自关注多分辨率分析的GPU建筑足迹识别

All Earth Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2023.2202961

R. Ansari, Akshat Ramachandran, W. Thomas

{"title":"GPU based building footprint identification utilizing self-attention multiresolution analysis","authors":"R. Ansari, Akshat Ramachandran, W. Thomas","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2023.2202961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2202961","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Techniques for the semantic segmentation of remotely sensed imageries for building footprint identification have been widely studied and several supervised and unsupervised techniques have been proposed. The ability to perform online mapping and accurate segmentation on a large scale by taking into account the multifariousness inherent in aerial images has important implications. In this paper we propose a new method for building footprint identification using multiresolution analysis-based self-attention technique. The scheme is promising to be robust in the face of variability inherent in remotely sensed images by virtue of the capability to extract features at multiple scales and focusing on areas containing meaningful information. We demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method by comparing it against several state-of-the-art techniques using aerial imagery with varying spatial resolution and building clutter and it achieves better accuracy around 95% even under widely disparate image characteristics. We also evaluate the ability for online mapping on an embedded graphic processing unit (GPU) and compare it against different compute engines and it is found that the proposed method on GPU outperforms the other methods in terms of accuracy and processing time.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114913255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do green technological innovation, financial development, economic policy uncertainty, and institutional quality matter for environmental sustainability? 绿色技术创新、金融发展、经济政策不确定性和制度质量对环境可持续性有影响吗?

All Earth Pub Date : 2023-04-16 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2023.2200330

Kishwar Ali, Du Jianguo, Derviş Kırıkkaleli, J. Oláh, Mehmet Altuntaş

{"title":"Do green technological innovation, financial development, economic policy uncertainty, and institutional quality matter for environmental sustainability?","authors":"Kishwar Ali, Du Jianguo, Derviş Kırıkkaleli, J. Oláh, Mehmet Altuntaş","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2023.2200330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2200330","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Environmental sustainability is a pressing global concern that demands urgent attention from policymakers and researchers. The objective of our research is to investigate the influence of economic policy uncertainty (determined by the world uncertainty index) and financial development on carbon emissions, followed by green technological innovation, institutional quality, economic growth, foreign direct investment, energy consumption, and trade in Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development, for the period 2003–2019, to analyse the data, the second-generation econometric techniques are used. We applied the two-stage sequential techniques of the linear panel data model and generalised method of moments approach to tackle the endogeneity problem and report robust findings. The findings of the study revealed that economic policy uncertainty, financial development, economic growth, energy consumption, and trade decrease environmental quality by increasing CO2 emissions, while green technological innovation and institutional quality increase environmental degradation by reducing CO2 emissions. Our evidence-based study provides significant outcomes for green technological innovation and institutional quality conditioning’s role in reducing carbon emissions in OECD economies.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123445057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Evaluating the impacts of watershed rehabilitation and irrigation interventions on vegetation greenness and soil erosion using remote sensing and biophysical modeling in Feresmay watershed in Ethiopia 利用遥感和生物物理模型评估埃塞俄比亚Feresmay流域恢复和灌溉干预措施对植被绿化率和土壤侵蚀的影响

All Earth Pub Date : 2023-04-15 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2023.2202968

Yared A. Bayissa, Y. Dile, R. Srinivasan, C. Ringler, N. Lefore, A. Worqlul

{"title":"Evaluating the impacts of watershed rehabilitation and irrigation interventions on vegetation greenness and soil erosion using remote sensing and biophysical modeling in Feresmay watershed in Ethiopia","authors":"Yared A. Bayissa, Y. Dile, R. Srinivasan, C. Ringler, N. Lefore, A. Worqlul","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2023.2202968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2202968","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Soil erosion and subsequent land degradation undermine efforts to ensure food security and environmental sustainability in Ethiopia. The government of Ethiopia has implemented extensive soil and water conservation (SWC) programs in severely degraded and food-insecure areas of the country, in some cases integrated with subsequent or parallel irrigation development. However, the effectiveness of these interventions has not been extensively evaluated. This study, therefore, evaluates the performance and impacts of SWC practices in terms of improving vegetation greenness and reducing soil erosion in Feresmay watershed in Ethiopia. Long-term Landsat-based Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) were used for change-detection analysis before and after the implementation of various SWC interventions. The results revealed the positive impacts of SWC interventions in improving the vegetation greenness and soil erosion reduction although the outcome varied by intervention. Increased vegetation greenness was observed largely in areas where area closure with catchment treatment (ACCT) and impacts of irrigation (IRR) interventions are dominant, while relatively little impact was observed at the watershed level analysis. Although these interventions helped to reduce soil loss, the results highlighted the need for more SWC interventions to minimise further soil loss.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127961318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial association and identification of carbon neutrality in Chinese tourism, based on social network analysis 基于社会网络分析的中国旅游碳中和空间关联与识别

All Earth Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2023.2200632

{"title":"Spatial association and identification of carbon neutrality in Chinese tourism, based on social network analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2023.2200632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2200632","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Achieving tourism carbon neutrality is essential for sustainable tourism development. This paper uses the coupled coordination distance model, modified gravity model and social network analysis to attempt to construct a nationwide tourism carbon neutral spatial network to clarify the role of each province in the process of achieving China’s tourism carbon neutrality. The results show that: (1) only seven provinces will achieve tourism carbon neutrality in the target year of carbon neutrality in China (2060). (2) From 2001 to 2060, most provinces are at the stage of coordinated development of tourism carbon emissions and tourism carbon sinks, but the degree of coordinated development is low. (3) The structure of China’s tourism carbon-neutral spatial network tends to be looser from 2001 to 2060. As the time series progresses, the role of each province in the spatial network will be gradually clarified. (4) In the process of achieving the goal of China’s tourism carbon neutrality, the number of tourism carbon sink input areas is much larger than that of tourism carbon sink output areas. Accordingly, this paper proposes countermeasures from three aspects: government-led, market system and voluntary mechanisms, in order to promote the achievement of China’s tourism carbon neutrality goal.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125739406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Seismic hazard estimation and medium-term earthquake precursor analysis of North East India: an assessment on large earthquake scenario 印度东北部地震危险性评估与中期地震前兆分析:大地震情景评估

All Earth Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2023.2191917

Anshuman Phukan, Debasis D. Mohanty

{"title":"Seismic hazard estimation and medium-term earthquake precursor analysis of North East India: an assessment on large earthquake scenario","authors":"Anshuman Phukan, Debasis D. Mohanty","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2023.2191917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2191917","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The North-Eastern region of India has the distinction of being one of the most seismically active and tectonically complex regions in the world. The region has periodically jolted by a number of large earthquakes. The temporal and spatial frequency-magnitude distribution (FMD) of earthquakes in three major selected regions of North-East India, namely Shillong–Mikir Hills, Arunachal Himalaya, and Assam Foredeep region, are examined in this study. Temporal variation of ‘b’ shows a significant declination prior to a large earthquake, which strongly advocates for a medium-term (months-year) earthquake precursor. Similarly, spatial distribution map is prepared by estimating b-value at every grid using the nearest 150 events, which is vital in understanding the stress regime of a specific region. The present study critically demonstrates the higher b-value regions associated with minimum seismicity and vice-versa, especially focusing on large earthquake scenario. High anomalies of ‘b’ were found in the regions of Shillong–Mikir hills and Arunachal Himalaya, whereas the Assam-Foredeep region, free from seismic activity for a long period, shows a low. It may be due to the accumulation of stress energy within the region for a long time and could be an alarming sign for future large events.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125411431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Urgent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is needed to avoid irreversible tipping points: Time is running out 需要紧急减少温室气体排放，以避免不可逆转的临界点:时间已经不多了

All Earth Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2023.2178127

I. Stavi

{"title":"Urgent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is needed to avoid irreversible tipping points: Time is running out","authors":"I. Stavi","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2023.2178127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2178127","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This essay addresses climate change and its main causes over the last three decades. Between 1992–2021, global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) have risen continually. Specifically, the major socioeconomic sectors – including (1) energy, (2) industry, (3) land-use/land-use change/agriculture, (4) transportation, (5) building/construction, and (6) waste treatment/disposal – have emitted enormous amounts of GHGs. Between 1992–2019, the combined annual GHG emissions have risen by 53% – from 32.6 to 49.8 Gt CO2 equivalent (CO2e). The combined GHG concentration has increased by 33% – from 382 ppm CO2e in 1992 to 508 ppm CO2e in 2021. The combined radiative forcing has surged by 45% – from 2.226 W m−2 in 1992 to 3.222 W m−2 in 2021. At the current emission rate, the entire GHG credit for limiting global warming to 1.5°C or 2.0°C – according to the Shared Socio-Economic Pathway (SSP) 1–1.9 or SSP1–2.6, respectively – in 2100 compared to preindustrial levels may be fully exploited by~2030. Limiting global warming to 1.5°C or 2.0°C will require total GHG emissions to peak before 2025 at the latest, and be reduced by 43% or 25%, respectively, in 2030 relative to 2019, followed by zero net emissions in the early 2050s or 2070s, respectively.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122807192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epistemic uncertainty in the kinematics of global mean sea-level rise since 1993 and its dire consequences 1993年以来全球平均海平面上升运动学的认知不确定性及其可怕后果

All Earth Pub Date : 2023-02-06 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2023.2176007

H. Iz

{"title":"Epistemic uncertainty in the kinematics of global mean sea-level rise since 1993 and its dire consequences","authors":"H. Iz","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2023.2176007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2023.2176007","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recent studies reported an ambiguous global sea level acceleration during the satellite altimetry (SA) era (1993–2017). New SA data created an opportunity to resolve this issue. In this study, two competing kinematic models to represent global mean sea level anomalies are compared. The first model consists of an initial velocity and uniform acceleration. The second model replaces the initial velocity and acceleration with a trend and a representation of a long periodic lunar subharmonic of period 55.8 y, which is determined to be statistically significant at globally distributed tide gauge records. The models also include parameters for the periodic effects of lunisolar origin with periods 18.6 y and 11.1 y annual, and biannual variations in 10-day average of globally SA measurements during 1993–2022. Generalized least squares solutions yielded updated statistically significant estimates for all the model parameters and their statistics for both models. However, the outcome failed to resolve the ambiguity of uniform acceleration in global mean sea level confounded with the long periodic lunar subharmonic of period 55.8 y during this period. This epistemic uncertainty will have a dire impact on climate change risk assessments as demonstrated through the prospective comparison of both kinematic models.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"278 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134144196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Our changing planet in a changing world 在一个不断变化的世界里，我们不断变化的星球

All Earth Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2022.2163747

Yeqiao Wang

引用次数: 0