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Improved deep learning (inception) CNN for detecting small tectonic plates of broken Anatolian, Turkey 改进的深度学习(初始)CNN用于检测土耳其安纳托利亚破碎的小构造板块

All Earth Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2021.1945523

Shaheen Mohammed Saleh Ahmed, Hakan Guneyli

{"title":"Improved deep learning (inception) CNN for detecting small tectonic plates of broken Anatolian, Turkey","authors":"Shaheen Mohammed Saleh Ahmed, Hakan Guneyli","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2021.1945523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2021.1945523","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Anatolian was at one time a single plate that is currently being turned into many small plates. The earliest separation stage occurred in the southeastern Anatolian from the Palaeocene to middle Eocene times. This study for the first time confirmed that the Anatolian plate was broken into a group of small tectonic plates with an area less than 1000 km2. We have called them nanoplates. We have detected formation of (9) nano plates in the East Anatolian region with (6) nanoplates in the West Anatolian region and single nanoplate in the central Anatolian region. The key geological feature that we targeted here to find these nano plate boundaries is the fault network. A network of deep fractures along the nano plates boundaries. This paper determined these boundaries by integrating and analysing huge remote sensing geophysical data. This paper ued for the first time the weights of filters in inception convolutional neural network (CNN) in Anaconda python Tensor Flow and Keras platform. Also used latest special scientific programming libraries of Python language like SciPy, Arcpy, NumPy and Pandas for data preparation. In addition, this study used ArcGis10.8 from ESRI foundation for GIS analysis beside PCI GEOMATICA 2020 for image analysis.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130500993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Microfacies analysis of Eocene Ziarat Formation (eastern Alborz zone, NE Iran) and paleoenvironmental implications 伊朗东北部Alborz东部始新统Ziarat组微相分析及其古环境意义

All Earth Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2021.1956175

M. Hadi, S. Sarkar, M. Vahidinia, A. Bayet‐Goll

{"title":"Microfacies analysis of Eocene Ziarat Formation (eastern Alborz zone, NE Iran) and paleoenvironmental implications","authors":"M. Hadi, S. Sarkar, M. Vahidinia, A. Bayet‐Goll","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2021.1956175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2021.1956175","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite belonging to an important time slice in the geological history, the Eocene shallow-marine beds of the Alborz region in Iran have received little attention from researchers. We selected two stratigraphic sections (Mojen and Kalateh) ascribed to the Ziarat Formation as suitable representatives for the current analysis, emphasising on their constituent microfacies and paleoenvironmental implications. The biotic communities are characterised by larger benthic foraminifera (LBF), coralline algae, corals, and bivalves as the major carbonate facies components. The microfacies gradients and paleoenvironmental analysis suggest deposition in a shallow-marine oligotrophic ramp environment within two platform stages. Both these stages indicate an increase in water depth from the inner to the middle ramp settings with spatial distribution of the LBF and other benthic components. Our data support the previous view that the early Eocene witnessed an increase in LBF taxa with near obliteration of the coral reefs in the sedimentary platforms across the Tethys. The corals reinitiated building reefal structures in the Middle Eocene, marking an important phase in the Tethyan paleoenvironmental evolution.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131145167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Assessment of petroleum system of Arabian–Iranian Basin in Kuwait 科威特阿拉伯-伊朗盆地油气系统评价

All Earth Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2021.1976930

N. Aladwani

引用次数: 2

Lakes as sentinels of climate change on the Tibetan Plateau 湖泊是青藏高原气候变化的哨兵

All Earth Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2021.2015870

Guoqing Zhang, S. Duan

引用次数: 16

An example of ridge-proximal hydrothermal mineralisation: evidence from radiolarian chert-hosted Fe-Mn-oxide mineralisation within the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan Neotethyan Ocean, Central Turkey 山脊-近端热液矿化的一个例子:来自土耳其中部İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan新特提斯洋放射虫燧石含铁锰氧化物矿化的证据

All Earth Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/27669645.2021.2003009

M. Aydoğan

{"title":"An example of ridge-proximal hydrothermal mineralisation: evidence from radiolarian chert-hosted Fe-Mn-oxide mineralisation within the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan Neotethyan Ocean, Central Turkey","authors":"M. Aydoğan","doi":"10.1080/27669645.2021.2003009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27669645.2021.2003009","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fe-Mn-oxide (oxyhydroxide) deposits are common within the late Cretaceous mélange units of the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan Suture Zone, which marks the closure of part of the northern branch of the Neotethys Ocean in Turkey. In the Cihanpaşa region (Yozgat, central Turkey), Fe-Mn mineralisation occurs as interlayers within a sequence of mudstone and siliceous pelagic units that overlies altered pillow lavas belonging to the Artova ophiolitic complex. T-Fe-Mn mineralisations are characterised by moderate amounts of Ba (560 ppm), and low contents of Sr (243 ppm), Co (51 ppm), Zn (183 ppm), and Ni (221 ppm). Mn/Fe (0.69) and low Co/Ni (<0.40), Co/Zn (<0.50) and Y/Ho (25.7) ratios and ΣREE (233) values suggest that mineralisation formed in a submarine environment hydrothermal system. The low Ceanom. values (−0.60) are consistent with a mostly oxic depositional environment. Further, low LaSN/NdSN (<1), negative Ce anomaly (0.29), and low Al/(Al+Fe) (0.14), whereas high LaSN/CeSN (4.01) and Fe/Ti ratio (208) with moderately positive Eu anomaly (1.22), and Ti/V (1.99), LuSN/LaSN (0.89), ΣREE/Fe ratio (22.36 × 10–4) indicate that the Cihanpaşa Fe-Mn mineralisation formed in an oxygenised marine sedimentary environment with influence of a ridge-proximal (near spreading ridge) submarine hydrothermal vent system in the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan Neotethyan Ocean. These results indicate that detailed geological and geochemical evidences determined in silicilastic rocks and submarine volcanics within mélange associations well-exposed along the suture belt could be applied to exploration studies for the discovery of ancient submarine deposits, including significant and precious metals such as polymetallic Fe-Mn deposits (Fe-Mn crust and nodules) and seafloor sulphide mineralisation.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131355383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An oxidised intrusion-related origin in the controversial Jiaodong gold province (China) for the Shicheng Au-Cu deposit 石城金铜矿床在胶东金矿争议区与氧化侵入体有关的成因

All Earth Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/09853111.2021.1883314

Hadi M. Elshourbagi, H. Fan

{"title":"An oxidised intrusion-related origin in the controversial Jiaodong gold province (China) for the Shicheng Au-Cu deposit","authors":"Hadi M. Elshourbagi, H. Fan","doi":"10.1080/09853111.2021.1883314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09853111.2021.1883314","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Shicheng Au-Cu deposit is hosted in the late Early Cretaceous Sanfoshan pluton within the Muping-Rushan (Mu-Ru) metallogenic belt, southeast Jiaodong. The deposit is characterised by Au-Cu bearing quartz-carbonate-sulphide veins that illustrate overprinting sheeted-like and breccia styles. Paragenetically-later veins contain Pb-Zn-(Cu) metal association, suggesting metal zonation at the deposit scale. Quartz from Shicheng shows the cathodoluminescence (CL) textures characteristic of hydrothermal systems with a magmatic influence and exhibits a similar quartz generations sequence. Moreover, this study presents a later overprinting mineralising event, characterised by quartz veins that contain As-rich pyrite, at the Jinqingding deposit in the middle part of the Mu-Ru belt. Jinqingding has a young mineralisation age that overlaps the emplacement age of the Sanfoshan pluton. Quartz from these veins at Jinqingding shows CL textures like those of the Shicheng deposit. The Sanfoshan pluton evolved from highly oxidised, high-K calc-alkaline, I-type magmatism. The early phases of the Sanfoshan pluton have K/Rb, Rb/Sr, and Fe2O3/FeO ratios that indicate moderately evolved, less fractionated, and highly oxidised magma, respectively, favouring Au-chalcophile metal association. Therefore, the Shicheng deposit and the overprinting mineralising event at Jinqingding may reasonably represent the products of an oxidised magmatic-hydrothermal system associated with the Sanfoshan-forming magmatism.","PeriodicalId":238835,"journal":{"name":"All Earth","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132278861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1