Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan最新文献_第2页

[Analytical Methods for Residual Compositional Substances of Agricultural Chemicals, Feed Additives, and Veterinary Drugs in Foods].

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00164-2

Takaaki Taguchi

{"title":"[Analytical Methods for Residual Compositional Substances of Agricultural Chemicals, Feed Additives, and Veterinary Drugs in Foods].","authors":"Takaaki Taguchi","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00164-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00164-2","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticides, veterinary drugs, and feed additives (hereinafter referred to as \"pesticides\") can remain in foods when used in agricultural and livestock products. Since consuming a variety of foods every day can result in ingesting trace amounts of these pesticides, which may be harmful to health, risk management for residual pesticides in foods is necessary to prevent adverse effects. Based on the Food Sanitation Act, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) has established maximum residue limits (MRLs) for each pesticide and each food type. Currently, approximately 770 pesticides have MRLs set. Since May 2006, Japan has implemented a positive list system, prohibiting the distribution of food containing residual pesticides exceeding the MRLs or uniform limit of 0.01 ppm for pesticides without established MRLs. Appropriate analytical methods are required to determine whether pesticides exceed the MRLs or uniform limit. Currently, MHLW has notified ten simultaneous analytical methods and approximately 350 individual analytical methods. However, many pesticides still lack developed analytical methods. These methods should be simple, quick, and accurate, but developing them is challenging. The National Institute of Health Sciences, in cooperation with local health institutes, registered conformity assessment bodies, and universities, is working on developing these analytical methods. This lecture introduces an overview and the challenges of analytical methods for detecting residual pesticides.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 2","pages":"101-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Legal Regulation and Analytical Method for Mycotoxin in Japan].

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00164-5

Tomoya Yoshinari

{"title":"[Legal Regulation and Analytical Method for Mycotoxin in Japan].","authors":"Tomoya Yoshinari","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00164-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00164-5","url":null,"abstract":"Mycotoxins, toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi, are present in food and feed worldwide. Acute and chronic dietary exposures can induce adverse health effects in humans and animals. Among the various mycotoxins, aflatoxins pose significant health concerns to the general public. In the early 1960s, a total of more than 100000 turkey poults died from an unknown turkey \"X\" disease in England. The disease was associated with Brazilian groundnut meal contaminated by Aspergillus flavus, from which aflatoxins were first isolated from the fungal culture broth. Subsequent studies revealed that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most potent carcinogen among all aflatoxins, affecting both humans and various animal species. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified AFB1 as a Group 1 human carcinogen. Aflatoxins are present in a wide variety of food items, including cereals, nuts, fruits, and spices. A survey conducted in Japan between 2004 and 2006 revealed that peanut products, cacao products, peppers, and Job's tears were contaminated with aflatoxins. To reduce exposure, Japan has set a regulatory limit of 10 µg/kg for total aflatoxins [sum of AFB1, aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), and aflatoxin G2 (AFG2)] for all food items. The National Institute of Health Sciences has developed official analytical methods for determining aflatoxins in foods which are used for quarantine inspection of imported foods. In this symposium, the regulations and analytical methods for aflatoxins are introduced.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 2","pages":"117-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Modulation of Cognitive and Psychiatric Functions by Psychostimulant-responsive Molecules]. [精神刺激剂反应分子对认知和精神功能的调节]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00179

Naotaka Izuo

{"title":"[Modulation of Cognitive and Psychiatric Functions by Psychostimulant-responsive Molecules].","authors":"Naotaka Izuo","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00179","url":null,"abstract":"Methamphetamine, a psychostimulant drug, acts on dopaminergic neuron terminals projecting from the ventral tegmental area to the nucleus accumbens, which constitutes the reward system in the brain. In addition to dependence triggered by excessive excitation of the reward system, methamphetamine induces various effects, including hallucinations, delusions, and cognitive dysfunction. This means that molecules responsive to methamphetamine are importantly involved in the brain function. This report reviews the functions of Shati/Nat8l and Piccolo, identified as methamphetamine-responsive molecules in the murine nucleus accumbens, in cognitive and psychiatric functions clarified by rodent studies. Shati/Nat8l is related to drug addiction and depression and participates in the synaptic function of the hippocampus to maintain cognitive function. Its upregulation suppresses cognitive disturbance in Alzheimer's disease pathology. In the nucleus accumbens, Piccolo contributes to the behavioral alteration caused by methamphetamine. Piccolo downregulation in the prefrontal cortex induced schizophrenia-like behavioral and neuronal changes in mice. These findings indicate that Shati/Nat8l and Piccolo exert important functions on the brain and are potential targets for brain disorder studies. It is anticipated that understanding of brain function will be achieved through the analysis of methamphetamine-responsive molecules.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 3","pages":"163-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Exploration of Cardioprotective Drugs].

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00185

Akiyoshi Hara

{"title":"[Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Exploration of Cardioprotective Drugs].","authors":"Akiyoshi Hara","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00185","url":null,"abstract":"Many anticancer drugs, including anthracycline drugs, pose a risk of cardiovascular damage as an adverse reaction. This can detrimentally impact the prognosis and quality of life of patients, potentially leading to the interruption of cancer chemotherapy and compromising cancer treatment. Recently, onco-cardiology (or cardio-oncology) has developed as a new interdisciplinary field that focuses on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular toxicity of anticancer drugs. In this review, we explore the mechanism underlying the cardiotoxicity of anthracyclines and examine pharmacological agents that safeguard the heart from anthracycline-induced damage. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity primarily involves oxidative stress, characterized by radical production in mitochondria and subsequent apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. While various antioxidant agents, such as resveratrol, vitamin E, and melatonin have demonstrated efficacy in reducing anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in animal models, their clinical effectiveness remains inconclusive. Alternatively, dexrazoxane, an intracellular iron chelator, along with standard heart failure medications, such as β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor blockers, reduce anthracycline cardiotoxicity and prevent subsequent heart failure in both animal and human studies. Additionally, statins [hydroxymethylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitors] and ranolazine have emerged as potential candidates for attenuating anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in clinical settings. Notably, recent in vitro findings suggest that everolimus, an autophagy/mitophagy-inducing antitumor drug, may protect cardiomyocytes from anthracycline-induced toxicity without reducing the antitumor effects of anthracycline. Although promising, further clinical research is warranted to validate the potential of everolimus as a safer and more effective anthracycline chemotherapeutic strategy.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 2","pages":"121-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Next-generation Health Functional Food Research Pioneered through Collaboration between Pharmaceutical Science and Agricultural Science]. 【医药科学与农业科学合作开创下一代健康功能食品研究】。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00173-F

Kazuya Nagano, Shinsaku Nakagawa

引用次数: 0

Administration of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors to Patients on Warfarin May Elevate PT-INR. 华法林患者使用免疫检查点抑制剂可能会升高PT-INR。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00087

Kazuya Uenoyama, Masahide Onoue, Toshiro Katayama, Katsuya Makihara, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Mari Takagi, Kazuhiko Omoto, Yoshiyuki Rikitake

引用次数: 0

[Promoting Research on Modeling and Simulation]. [促进建模与仿真研究]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00175

Akihiro Hisaka

{"title":"[Promoting Research on Modeling and Simulation].","authors":"Akihiro Hisaka","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00175","url":null,"abstract":"As I recently retired from Chiba University, I would like to describe how I began my research career, some of my accomplishments in the research field of modeling and simulation, and future prospects in this area. Here, I discuss the research topics of drug interactions, the oral absorption of drugs, analyses of between-group and individual differences in pharmacokinetics based on the theories of physiologically-based pharmacokinetics and population pharmacokinetics, and my roles in implementation of the drug interaction guideline. Furthermore, I also discuss modeling topics unrelated to pharmacokinetics, i.e., the analyses of the long-term progression of chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using individual patient information; the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; and prognostic factors of chronic heart failure with the view towards personalized medicine. After completing my Master's course at Hokkaido University, I joined a pharmaceutical company and worked as a pharmacokinetics researcher for 21 years, while obtaining my doctoral degree. I spent the next 9 years as a hospital pharmacist focusing on scientific research at the University of Tokyo Hospital, and the last 10 years as a Professor of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics at Chiba University. My career is, therefore, characterized by involvement in pharmaceutical sciences from many different perspectives. This description focuses rather on the background of the studies than scientific details.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 3","pages":"223-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Development of Methods for the Early Detection of Chemical Hazard and the Prevention of Pre-disease, Focusing on Environment, Food, and Health].

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00168

Hideko Sone

{"title":"[Development of Methods for the Early Detection of Chemical Hazard and the Prevention of Pre-disease, Focusing on Environment, Food, and Health].","authors":"Hideko Sone","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00168","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the perspectives of the environment, food, and health, this review reflects on previous research examining stem cells for the early detection of chemical hazards and the development of preventive health tools. The risks posed by endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the environment are investigated, including studies on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), phthalate esters, and bisphenol A. Building on the findings of these studies, this review identifies emerging challenges in the field of endocrine-disrupting chemical research. Moreover, this paper explores innovative testing methods aimed at accurately evaluating the impact of chemicals on human health. The key topics covered include the implementation of developmental neurotoxicity testing methods, the species-specific effects of methylmercury, nanomaterials and the application of human pluripotent cells to assess the effects of low-dose radiation. Additionally, this review highlights transformative approaches in chemical health impact assessment that integrate cell science and artificial intelligence, and addresses challenges related to the application of multi-omics technologies in environmental health and toxicology.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 3","pages":"201-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Precision Medicine for Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Drug-metabolizing Enzyme Expression Levels]. [基于药物代谢酶表达水平的肾细胞癌患者精准医疗]。

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00166

Jun Matsumoto

{"title":"[Precision Medicine for Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Drug-metabolizing Enzyme Expression Levels].","authors":"Jun Matsumoto","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00166","url":null,"abstract":"Notable advances have recently been achieved in drug therapies for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved for metastatic RCC (mRCC). The current first-line treatment for mRCC involves combination therapies using TKIs and ICIs. However, there is no consensus on which TKI+ICI therapy is best or how to select the appropriate therapy for individual patients with RCC. The kidney expresses various metabolic enzymes, including CYP and uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT). Although information on CYP and UGT expression in the kidney is limited compared to our understanding of liver expression, the main CYP and UGT subtypes expressed at high levels in the kidney are estimated to be CYP2B6, CYP3A5, CYP4A11, CYP4F2, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7. In RCC, the expression profiles and levels of these enzymes are somewhat altered compared with normal kidney. The main known subtypes of CYP and UGT in RCC are CYP1B1, CYP3A5, CYP4A11, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, UGT1A10, and UGT2B7. High CYP expression has been reported in several cancers, possibly conferring resistance to anti-cancer drugs including TKIs, due to extensive drug metabolism. Additionally, CYP and UGT expression levels may possibly affect cancer prognosis by metabolizing endogenous substrates, regardless of their role in anti-cancer drug metabolism. In this review, I discuss CYP and UGT expression level profiles in RCC based on previously published papers, including ours, and examine possible relationships between these enzyme expression profiles and treatment outcomes for patients with RCC.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 1","pages":"7-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Effects of Taking Herbal Medicines in Early Gestation on Pregnancy and Placental Formation]. 妊娠早期服用中药对妊娠及胎盘形成的影响

IF 0.3 4区医学

Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.24-00174-3

Toshihiro Sakurai

{"title":"[Effects of Taking Herbal Medicines in Early Gestation on Pregnancy and Placental Formation].","authors":"Toshihiro Sakurai","doi":"10.1248/yakushi.24-00174-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.24-00174-3","url":null,"abstract":"The use of Japanese herbal medicines (Kampo medicines), rooted in centuries of traditional practice, lacks extensive Western scientific validation regarding their safety. Concerns include potential risks such as placental dysplasia, miscarriage, teratogenicity, and fetotoxicity when administered to pregnant women. Therefore, scientific safety evaluations are crucial for the appropriate use of Kampo medicines during pregnancy. Critical physiological processes such as implantation, invasion into the endometrium, placentation, and fetal development are vital for establishing a successful pregnancy. The placenta, forming from implantation until birth, is essential for fetal growth and nutrition. Proper placental function relies on the regulated differentiation and development of specific trophoblast cell lineages. If Kampo medicines impact these cell lineages, there may be increased risks of fetal developmental issues and pregnancy complications. current studies often neglect evaluating placental function or formation, focusing primarily on fetal toxicity and teratogenicity. Thus, assays for placental function and placentation toxicity are needed. This review consolidates existing knowledge on the effects of Kampo medicines, herbs and herbal medicines on pregnancy and placentation, emphasizing the necessity for scientific safety assessments to guide their use during pregnancy. Ensuring accurate information and safety of Kampo medicines, herbs and herbal medicines for pregnant women is essential to safeguard the health of the mother, fetus, and placenta.","PeriodicalId":23810,"journal":{"name":"Yakugaku zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","volume":"145 1","pages":"53-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0