Water Practice and Technology最新文献_第10页

Prediction of the probabilistic water leak location in underground pipelines using Monte Carlo simulation 利用蒙特卡罗模拟预测地下管道的概率漏水位置

IF 1.6

Water Practice and Technology Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.026

Matheus Proença, A. Paschoalini, Daniel H. S. Obata

{"title":"Prediction of the probabilistic water leak location in underground pipelines using Monte Carlo simulation","authors":"Matheus Proença, A. Paschoalini, Daniel H. S. Obata","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The water loss rates in Brazil are still very concerning and cause huge financial, social, and environmental damages. Although great advances have been made in acoustic leak detection methods, some of them are intrusive or at least demand convenient access points to the pipe's surface. Furthermore, some methods are expensive and require a highly experienced and qualified operator. Thus, the goal of this paper is to establish a benchmark using a simplistic analytical model for the ground surface analysis for leaks location, simplifying the search process carried out in water networks, and requiring minimal system interference. For leak location prediction, the proposed method considered two seismic wave paths – the compressional body waves and the Rayleigh superficial waves. The traveltime curves of the compressional waves are calculated as a function of the surface wave's experimental information. Monte Carlo Simulations were carried out to test each model's precision considering uncertainties related to the input parameters of the problem. At last, through a parametric study, the two seismic events were combined to obtain better accuracy in predicting the leakage epicenter location. In the results, the maximum absolute error found was 15 cm, and the minimum improvement obtained with the parametric study was 27.4%.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45805032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential of GIS and remote sensing in mapping land degradation: catchment of the Manyame River, Zimbabwe 地理信息系统和遥感在绘制土地退化图方面的潜力：津巴布韦Manyame河流域

IF 1.6

Water Practice and Technology Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.025

H. Muhoyi, E. Muhoyi

{"title":"Potential of GIS and remote sensing in mapping land degradation: catchment of the Manyame River, Zimbabwe","authors":"H. Muhoyi, E. Muhoyi","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.025","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Manyame River Catchment area in Zimbabwe is experiencing severe land degradation mainly due to legal and illegal land husbandry practices. These practices are negatively impacting the sustainability of the existing ecosystems. The conditions of the land can be inferred using its vegetative cover, e.g., the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Quantitative data relating to land degradation based on notable physical features such as gullies, for the Manyame River Catchment at landscape scales are poor. This study focused on the distribution and magnitude of land degradation in the Manyame River Catchment area. The study mapped out the contours of human-induced land degradation using a residual trend analysis (RESTREND) method. In particular, the study used remotely sensed data (NDVI and precipitation time series) to analyse the shifts over the period 2000–2017. The analysis used R statistical software packages (RESTREND and Kendall) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques to quantify the degradation trends. The results indicated extracts of those areas which experienced significant human-induced land degradation during the study period. RESTREND effectiveness was assessed using Mann–Kendall. The results of this study can be used by natural resource practitioners in monitoring, assessing, and managing environmental changes using GIS tools.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48935621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Estimation of irrigation water requirement and irrigation scheduling for major crops using the CROPWAT model and climatic data 利用crowat模型和气候数据估算主要作物灌溉需水量和灌溉调度

IF 1.6

Water Practice and Technology Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.024

Shumaila Soomro, G. S. Solangi, A. A. Siyal, Asad Golo, Nabi Bux Bhatti, A. G. Soomro, A. H. Memon, S. Panhwar, Hareef Ahmed Keerio

{"title":"Estimation of irrigation water requirement and irrigation scheduling for major crops using the CROPWAT model and climatic data","authors":"Shumaila Soomro, G. S. Solangi, A. A. Siyal, Asad Golo, Nabi Bux Bhatti, A. G. Soomro, A. H. Memon, S. Panhwar, Hareef Ahmed Keerio","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The world is facing an acute water shortage. The present irrigation techniques used in the Hyderabad district, Pakistan, are not demand-driven. The present study was carried out to determine the crop water requirement (CWR), irrigation water requirement (IWR), and irrigation scheduling for major crops grown in the Hyderabad district using the CROPWAT model based on climatic, soil, and crop data. The analysis revealed that the total CWR for the entire growing season for sugarcane, banana, cotton, and wheat were 3,127.0; 2,012.3; 1,073.5; and 418.9 mm, respectively. However, the IWR for sugarcane, banana, cotton, and wheat for the entire growing season was found to be 2,964.0; 1,966.7; 1,052.7; and 407.6 mm, respectively. However, the contribution of rainfall was 163.0, 45.6, 20.8, and 11.3 mm during sugarcane, banana, cotton, and wheat, respectively. The CWR and IWR were higher during the dry season due to high temperatures and low relative humidity. However, the IWR of each crop was low in the initial stage which increased with the growing stage until the peak at the full growth stage. The study recommends the use of CROPWAT to investigate the irrigation water requirements with accuracy.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46161680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Removal of cationic dyes from a synthetic effluent using a calcium surfactant 用钙表面活性剂去除合成废水中的阳离子染料

IF 1.6

Water Practice and Technology Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.021

Y. N. Teixeira, F. J. D. P. Filho, Vinícius Pereira Bacurau, J. Menezes, Daniel Bernardes Silva, Jober de Queiroz dos Santos, Raimundo N. P. Teixeira, J. V. Nunes

{"title":"Removal of cationic dyes from a synthetic effluent using a calcium surfactant","authors":"Y. N. Teixeira, F. J. D. P. Filho, Vinícius Pereira Bacurau, J. Menezes, Daniel Bernardes Silva, Jober de Queiroz dos Santos, Raimundo N. P. Teixeira, J. V. Nunes","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present study aimed to evaluate the removal efficiency of two types of cationic dyes of different classes – methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) – from a synthetic effluent using a calcium surfactant (CaSF) originated from used frying soybean oil. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed that the functional groups present on the surface of CaSF can form surface complexes or bonds with the dye molecules and, consequently, promote their adsorption. The adsorption kinetics studies indicated that the equilibrium point of the process is reached in 90 min for both dyes. Equilibrium studies indicated that the adsorption isotherm models that best fit MB and MG were the Langmuir and the Dubinin–Radushkevich models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of MB and MG, according to the Langmuir model, were 199 and 123 mg·g−1, respectively. In the sight of the high MB and MG removal efficiency (84 and 100%, respectively), the use of CaSF is an excellent alternative for the treatment of effluents contaminated by cationic dyes. The adsorption–desorption cycle studies showed that CaSF maintains a good dye removal efficiency for up to three cycles.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46592159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Spatial evaluation of groundwater quality using factor analysis and geostatistical Kriging algorithm: a case study of Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria 基于因子分析和地质统计Kriging算法的地下水质量空间评价——以尼日利亚伊巴丹市为例

IF 1.6

Water Practice and Technology Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.023

E. Thomas

{"title":"Spatial evaluation of groundwater quality using factor analysis and geostatistical Kriging algorithm: a case study of Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"E. Thomas","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Necessity calls for the environmental aspects of groundwater to be evaluated and properly managed based on the observed spatial distribution with respect to quality, as it contributes to a significant portion of average water usage globally. Variations in groundwater quality in the Ibadan Metropolis might be a result of physical and chemical trends in the region leading to a decline in quality. The study was geared towards the spatial evaluation of groundwater quality using factor analysis and the Kriging algorithm. The parameters examined include pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, carbonates, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, calcium, sodium, magnesium, and potassium, which were sampled and analysed from the existing municipal deep wells in the Ibadan Metropolitan area; and distribution maps of each parameter were created using a geostatistical approach. Factor analysis examined the relationship between human activities and concentration levels. Semi-variograms were tested to ascertain the best-fitted model accuracy measures, average standard error, root mean square error, and root mean square error standardised. The groundwater index was calculated to ascertain the drinkability of the water in the study area. Overall, the result shows that the groundwater in the study area is suitable for consumption; drinking, and other uses. Kriging is a suitable assessment tool for modelling environmental parameters.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49191706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Withdrawn: Desalination of saline fields by soil leaching in the Karkhehnur Watershed, Iran 撤回:伊朗Karkhehnur流域土壤浸出对盐碱地的淡化作用

Water Practice and Technology Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.022

引用次数: 0

Study of GIS-based groundwater potential zones for agricultural sustainability: an arid region 基于GIS的农业可持续地下水潜力区研究：干旱地区

IF 1.6

Water Practice and Technology Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.020

A. H. Memon, A. G. Soomro, S. Panhwar, Hareef Ahmed Keerio, Naddar Hussain Khokhar, J. K. Bajkani, Sabeen Siddiqui, M. A. Gadehi

引用次数: 1

Bio-based activated carbon from husk- and wood-based biomass: comparison of carbon activation methods on organic pollutants removal 壳基和木质生物质生物基活性炭:活性炭活化方法去除有机污染物的比较

IF 1.6

Water Practice and Technology Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.019

Oleksii Tomin, M. Yazdani

{"title":"Bio-based activated carbon from husk- and wood-based biomass: comparison of carbon activation methods on organic pollutants removal","authors":"Oleksii Tomin, M. Yazdani","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study aimed to investigate the effect of different activations on the properties of bio-based activated carbons (BACs) for water treatment. BACs were produced via pyrolysis by the carbonization stage and were followed by four different activation procedures. Chemical activation included the introduction of metal oxides or alkali on the structure of the sawdust-derived BACs, resulting in iron-activated carbon (BAC-Fe), copper-activated carbon (BAC-Cu), and sodium-activated carbon (BAC-Na). The physical activation was conducted in a CO2 environment with the usage of two types of locally available biomasses, resulting in husk-activated carbon (HAC) and wood-activated carbon (WAC). Depending on the activation, BACs can be developed with high porosity, active sites, and different additional functionalities such as antimicrobial and magnetic. The adsorption of natural organic matter (NOM) with chemically activated BACs yielded high removal percentages (97, 87, and 80% for BAC-Fe, BAC-Cu, and BAC-Na, respectively). The physically activated BACs demonstrated high adsorption capacities for dye – 278 mg/g for WAC and 213 mg/g for HAC. This outlines a wide range of BAC production possibilities with advanced functionalities.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41528689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Green synthesis of granular activated carbon/zinc ferro nanocomposites-based bioleached laterite iron (BLaFe) for the removal of Rhodamine B in water using adsorption–Fenton's oxidation process 绿色合成颗粒活性炭/锌铁纳米复合材料基生物漂白红土铁（BLaFe），用于吸附-芬顿氧化法去除水中的罗丹明B

IF 1.6

Water Practice and Technology Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.014

B. S, R. K N, Manu B., M. Y. Sreenivasa

{"title":"Green synthesis of granular activated carbon/zinc ferro nanocomposites-based bioleached laterite iron (BLaFe) for the removal of Rhodamine B in water using adsorption–Fenton's oxidation process","authors":"B. S, R. K N, Manu B., M. Y. Sreenivasa","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Novel cost-effective catalyst granular activated carbon (GAC)-based zinc ferro nanocomposites for the heterogeneous Fenton's oxidation of dye were synthesized using bioleached laterite iron (BLFe) as a precursor and Psidium gujava leaf extract. Synthesized nanocomposites were characterized using SEM, EDS, XRD and BET surface area analysis. The degradation of Rhodamine dye was carried out with nanocomposites using adsorption–Fenton's oxidation process. The catalytic role of nanocomposites in Fenton's oxidation of Rhodamine B (RhB) was investigated and reported. The maximum dye removal of 96.2% was observed with 64.2% COD removal within 200 min of treatment. An increase in nanocomposite dosage has a positive effect on dye removal marking 5 g/L as an optimum dosage. Adsorption studies reveal that RhB removal using BLFe-based GAC/zinc ferro composites fits the Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm model with an adsorption capacity of 47.81 mg/g. A combination of adsorption and Fenton's oxidation has resulted in higher removal efficiency with nanocomposite material. Reusability studies confirm that the spent catalyst can be reused for five cycles.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43318946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Minimum night flow (MNF) and corrosion control in compliance with internet of things (IoT) for water systems 最小夜流量(MNF)和腐蚀控制符合物联网(IoT)的水系统

IF 1.6

Water Practice and Technology Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.2166/wpt.2023.012

Kian Hariri Asli, Kaveh Hariri Asli

{"title":"Minimum night flow (MNF) and corrosion control in compliance with internet of things (IoT) for water systems","authors":"Kian Hariri Asli, Kaveh Hariri Asli","doi":"10.2166/wpt.2023.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the new world view, water is considered an economic-social commodity and a basic human need. This work aims to investigate the relationship between corrosion and changes in the minimum night flow (MNF) rate in water systems. Changes in MNF as a dependent variable are affected by changes in independent variables such as total unreported water loss, allowed night consumption, and network field leakage. First of all, the share of water loss due to network corrosion in total unreported water loss was investigated through a mathematical model and regression analysis according to Geography Information System (GIS). As a result, the p-value for pressure was .564. The Power function had a suitable correlation on the scatter diagram and best-fit curve which was used for Inflow to the water distribution network based on the regression model. The error of the consumers' meter and the correction of these errors were discussed in the apparent water loss section. The apparent water loss value was equal to 1.12% of produced water. This amount of apparent water loss showed the share of the actual water loss due to network corrosion from the total unreported water loss in the facilities.","PeriodicalId":23794,"journal":{"name":"Water Practice and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44233628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0