WIT Transactions on the Built Environment最新文献_第2页

CAN WE ASSESS LANDSLIDE HAZARDS IN THE VOLCANIC CRATER OF LAKE ALBANO, ROME, ITALY? 能否对意大利罗马阿尔巴诺湖火山口的滑坡危险性进行评估?

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.2495/ssr220011

A. Patera, A. Fabbri

引用次数: 0

SAFETY ASPECTS RELATED TO IMPLANTED BREAST PROSTHESES 与植入乳房假体有关的安全问题

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.2495/ssr220151

Michela Arnoldi, L. Di Landro, G. Janszen, M. Klinger, V. Vinci

引用次数: 1

GEOSTATISTICAL MODELING OF SEISMIC ACTIONS ON THE STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF THE SAN BENEDETTO ROAD TUNNEL, ITALY 意大利圣贝内代托公路隧道结构构件地震作用的地质统计模拟

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.2495/ssr220021

M. Guarascio, A. Libertà, D. Berardi, Emin Alakbarli, M. Lombardi

引用次数: 0

SAFETY CHALLENGES WHEN MANAGING SHIFT WORK IN THE SWEDISH FOREST INDUSTRY: SOLUTIONS BASED ON MORE THAN 700 YEARS OF WORK EXPERIENCE 瑞典林业管理轮班工作时的安全挑战:基于700多年工作经验的解决方案

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.2495/ssr220141

Pia Ulvenblad, H. Barth

{"title":"SAFETY CHALLENGES WHEN MANAGING SHIFT WORK IN THE SWEDISH FOREST INDUSTRY: SOLUTIONS BASED ON MORE THAN 700 YEARS OF WORK EXPERIENCE","authors":"Pia Ulvenblad, H. Barth","doi":"10.2495/ssr220141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220141","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to explore the safety challenges managing shift work in the Swedish forest industry. There are several factors that can affect safety in working life. In general, previous research shows that managerial and leadership behaviours affect safety and well-being regardless of the type of industry. A leadership with a focus on safety affects the safety climate and the outcome in the form of accidents in an organisation. The interaction between managers and employees regarding safety issues also has a positive effect on safety. Leaders who are instead passive regarding safety issues have significant negative effects on safety, contribute to an increased number of accidents and reduce safety-related behaviour in the organisation. This means that employees with passive leaders themselves become less interested in engaging in safety activities. Shift work has also been shown to affect the health and safety of employees. For example, studies show that higher sickness absence is associated with three-shift rotation compared to two-shift rotation and that fatigue and insomnia may be an effect of shift work. Further, research also shows a link between fatigue and a higher frequency of accidents. In this paper, we use a co-creation approach to capture the safety challenges related to shift work. The overall methodological approach in this study is action-oriented research. The empirical data is collected with interviews and focus groups which altogether include 56 respondents with more than 700 years of joint work experiences from shift work in the forest industry. Preliminary results show the importance of creating a safety culture where both the management and the employees take active part and responsibility in solutions. The managers have the formal responsibility, including law and regulation related to safety aspects. The employees in turn have the responsibility for their own choices and behaviours not least related to food, sleep, and training.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81233790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PROMOTING SYSTEM SAFETY AND RELIABILITY THROUGH RISK QUANTIFICATION/VISUALISATION METHODOLOGY 通过风险量化/可视化方法提高系统的安全性和可靠性

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.2495/ssr220121

Takafumi Nakamura

引用次数: 0

CONSTRUCTION OF FAULT EVOLUTION MAPS FOR DAMAGE LEVEL ASSESSMENT OF RAILWAY BEARINGS 铁路轴承损伤等级评估的断层演化图构建

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.2495/cr220051

César Ricardo Soto-Ocampo, J. Cano-Moreno, J. Mera

引用次数: 0

ATO OVER ETCS: A SYSTEM ANALYSIS FOR FREIGHT TRAINS 货运列车的系统分析

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.2495/cr220041

P. Bon, S. Collart-Dutilleul, Racem Bougacha

{"title":"ATO OVER ETCS: A SYSTEM ANALYSIS FOR FREIGHT TRAINS","authors":"P. Bon, S. Collart-Dutilleul, Racem Bougacha","doi":"10.2495/cr220041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/cr220041","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic train operation under the supervision of a human driver is sometimes presented as a ﬁrst step toward autonomous trains. This paper provides a system analysis of the available norms dealing with automatic train operation under driver supervision. Clariﬁcations that have to be introduced to make it compatible with an autonomous train module are highlighted. Then, the work focuses on the collaboration between an automatic software for braking and accelerating in the European normative and technological context, known as ATO over ETCS. The study of the available documents allows proposing an architectural model of this global system containing on board automation and on track automated speciﬁc devices. The main motivation behind using this technical architecture is to trace a future implementation that preserves the high-level goals. This technical contribution is a ﬁrst step for building an integrated approach to specify a correct system by construction, conforming to the industrial norms of automated train. In this paper, we explain how it is relevant to use a norm based technical architecture, providing intellectual references that allows drivers to identify various functioning phases where, depending on the overall context, they can let an automatic system drive the train or not.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86166124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

VERIFICATION OF DC GROUND FAULT DETECTOR FOR THE SIGNAL EQUIPMENT ROOM 信号机房直流接地故障检测仪校验

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.2495/cr220161

Hideki Nakazawa, Daisuke Takaishi, Takuya Takematsu, Makoto Nezaki, M. Nakayama, Ryuuichi Koma, Masakazu Taguchi

{"title":"VERIFICATION OF DC GROUND FAULT DETECTOR FOR THE SIGNAL EQUIPMENT ROOM","authors":"Hideki Nakazawa, Daisuke Takaishi, Takuya Takematsu, Makoto Nezaki, M. Nakayama, Ryuuichi Koma, Masakazu Taguchi","doi":"10.2495/cr220161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/cr220161","url":null,"abstract":"The feeder circuit protection system of the DC substation is protected by the DC overcurrent device, DC fault selective relay and ground fault overvoltage relay. The DC overcurrent device detects an accident when a current exceeds the set value, and the feeder fault selective relay detects a sudden change in the current during the fluctuation time. In addition, the ground fault overvoltage relay detects an accident when the potential between the rail and the ground of the substation mesh earth exceeds the set value and continues for a certain period of time. However, high-resistance ground faults flow only several hundred amperes. Therefore, the high-resistance ground faults cannot be detected by the DC overcurrent device and feeder fault selection relay installed in the substation. In addition, the rail potential is too small to be detected by ground fault overvoltage relay. If the high resistance ground fault continues, the signal equipment will burn out and transport disorder will occur. There was no way to protect the signal equipment room from high-resistance ground faults. Therefore, we have developed a DC ground fault detector with the aim of protecting the signal equipment room from high-resistance ground faults and preventing defect in transport. This time, a field test was conducted to determine the protection set value of the DC ground fault detector and evaluate the weather resistance. In conclusion, it was confirmed that the developed DC ground fault detector for the signal equipment room was no malfunction. Also, considering that the operating voltage of the signal protector operates at 470V DC ± 20%, the major fault setting value was set to 350V DC so that the ground fault current can be cut off due to a serious fault before the protector operates.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88849673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COMPUTER SIMULATION TO PREDICT THE SLIDING WEAR OF PEARLITIC RAILS IN CONTACT BETWEEN CAST AND FORGED RAILWAY WHEELS 用计算机模拟预测铸锻轮毂接触时珠光体轨道的滑动磨损

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.2495/cr220081

J. V. SILVA E SILVA, Luiz F.V. Corrêa, R. Camporez, C. Scandian, G. D. dos Santos

{"title":"COMPUTER SIMULATION TO PREDICT THE SLIDING WEAR OF PEARLITIC RAILS IN CONTACT BETWEEN CAST AND FORGED RAILWAY WHEELS","authors":"J. V. SILVA E SILVA, Luiz F.V. Corrêa, R. Camporez, C. Scandian, G. D. dos Santos","doi":"10.2495/cr220081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/cr220081","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of the semi-analytical computational method global incremental wear model (GIWM) in predicting the sliding wear of rails in contact with the flange of railway wheels during curves, which is a parameter of great importance for the efficiency of railway operation. The method validation was performed by comparing the wear depth calculated using the GIWM algorithm to the experimental results published in previous work. The data was obtained in dry (relative humidity: 55% ± 10%) pin-on-disc tests carried out on a universal PLINT TE67 tribometer under a normal load of 24.6 N, representing 1.5 GPa of contact pressure. The specimens, hemispherical pins, were extracted from a pearlitic steel rail and the discs were extracted from two different, forged and cast, Class C railway wheels. The tangential sliding speeds were 0.1 m/s and 0.9 m/s, the latter being the most representative according to the literature. The wear model was based on Archard’s law for sliding wear and the algorithm was implemented in Python. The results showed good agreement of the wear depth values between the computational and experimental methods for the cast wheel material under higher sliding speed, partial agreement for both wheel materials at lower speed and inconsistency for the forged wheel material under higher sliding speed. Furthermore, the algorithm is computationally efficient, presenting simulation time up to 180 times less than the finite element methods reported in the literature. Therefore, it was concluded that the GIWM method has potential for application in the freight railway sector, which uses cast wheels extensively, to guide technical areas regarding the wear behavior of rails under sliding contact during curves.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87270612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IMPROVING RAIL NETWORK SIMULATIONS WITH DISCRETE DISTRIBUTIONS IN ONTIME 改进离散分布的铁路网络仿真

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.2495/cr220191

Burkhard Franke, D. Burkolter, B. Seybold

{"title":"IMPROVING RAIL NETWORK SIMULATIONS WITH DISCRETE DISTRIBUTIONS IN ONTIME","authors":"Burkhard Franke, D. Burkolter, B. Seybold","doi":"10.2495/cr220191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/cr220191","url":null,"abstract":"To analyse a rail network’s punctuality and the operational quality of a timetable on a network-wide scale an advanced simulation is needed. Whereas most simulations use a Monte Carlo approach, we calculate delay distributions analytically and thus need only a single calculation run. Previously we used exponential distribution functions as they map the status in railway operations well and are suited for efficient calculation of delays. The resulting delay distributions due to primary delays along a train’s itinerary as well as delay propagation from other trains is handled by convolution of these distribution functions. However, as the resulting distributions become more complex, a simplification step is needed from time to time to keep calculation times reasonable. Increased requirements for the accuracy of the simulation model and improvements in the computational potential led us to remodel the delays with discrete distributions. This has two main advantages. First, restrictions on the possible form of primary delays are much smaller compared to the previous exponential distributions and second, the simplification step is no longer needed, which increases accuracy considerably. We discuss the different options of distribution modelling and their use in railway applications.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88533107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0