2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems最新文献

{"title":"Flexible Signal-Oriented Hardware Abstraction for Rapid Prototyping of Robotic Systems","authors":"Stefan Jörg, M. Nickl, G. Hirzinger","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2006.281759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2006.281759","url":null,"abstract":"Diffuse and changing specifications for the design of light-weight robots result in high design costs for the desired robotic system, especially the electronic modules and related software drivers. To reduce those costs, we created a flexible robot platform, consisting of FPGA joint modules that are connected by a high speed communication. To fully exploit the hardware flexibility, we introduce a flexible signal-oriented hardware abstraction that is based on a signal flow oriented middleware (SFMiddleware). SFMiddleware enables the transparent integration of changing joint hardware functionality with robot control applications. Utilizing a static system specification approach, we benefit from the abstraction of a middleware without the typical overhead of common middleware implementations. Thus, we achieve a small run-time footprint and control cycles of more than 10 kHz","PeriodicalId":237562,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116012304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinspired Auditory Sound Localisation for Improving the Signal to Noise Ratio of Socially Interactive Robots","authors":"J. Murray, S. Wermter, H. Erwin","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2006.281855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2006.281855","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe a bioinspired hybrid architecture for acoustic sound source localisation and tracking to increase the signal to noise ratio (SNR) between speaker and background sources for a socially interactive robot's speech recogniser system. The model presented incorporates the use of interaural time difference for azimuth estimation and recurrent neural networks for trajectory prediction. The results are then presented showing the difference in the SNR of a localised and non-localised speaker source, in addition to presenting the recognition rates between a localised and non-localised speaker source. From the results presented in this paper it can be seen that by orientating towards the sound source of interest the recognition rates of that source can be increased","PeriodicalId":237562,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114669227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safe and dependable physical human-robot interaction in anthropic domains: State of the art and challenges","authors":"R. Alami, A. Albu-Schaeffer, A. Bicchi, R. Bischoff, R. Chatila, A. De Luca, A. De Santis, G. Giralt, Jérémie Guiochet, G. Hirzinger, F. Ingrand, V. Lippiello, R. Mattone, D. Powell, S. Sen, B. Siciliano, G. Tonietti, L. Villani","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2006.6936985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2006.6936985","url":null,"abstract":"In the immediate future, metrics related to safety and dependability have to be found in order to successfully introduce robots in everyday environments. The crucial issues needed to tackle the problem of a safe and dependable physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) were addressed in the EURON Perspective Research Project PHRIDOM (Physical Human- Robot Interaction in Anthropic Domains), aimed at charting the new \"territory\" of pHRI. While there are certainly also \"cognitive\" issues involved, due to the human perception of the robot (and vice versa), and other objective metrics related to fault detection and isolation, the discussion in this paper will focus on the peculiar aspects of \"physical\" interaction with robots. In particular, safety and dependability will be the underlying evaluation criteria for mechanical design, actuation, and control architectures. Mechanical and control issues will be discussed with emphasis on techniques that provide safety in an intrinsic way or by means of control components. Attention will be devoted to dependability, mainly related to sensors, control architectures, and fault handling and tolerance. After PHRIDOM, a novel research project has been launched under the Information Society Technologies Sixth Framework Programme of the European Commission. This \"Specific Targeted Research or Innovation\" project is dedicated to \"Physical Human-Robot Interaction: depENDability and Safety\" (PHRIENDS). PHRIENDS is about developing key components of the next generation of robots, including industrial robots and assist devices, designed to share the environment and to physically interact with people. The philosophy of the project proposes an integrated approach to the co-design of robots for safe physical interaction with humans, which revolutionizes the classical approach for designing industrial robots – rigid design for accuracy, active control for safety – by creating a new paradigm: design robots that are intrinsically safe, and control them to deliver performance. This paper presents the state of the art in the field as surveyed by the PHRIDOM project, as well as it enlightens a number of challenges that will be undertaken within the PHRIENDS project.","PeriodicalId":237562,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"24 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123878095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and kinematic analysis of a silicone-rubber bending tip for colonoscopy","authors":"Gang Chen, M. Pham, T. Redarce","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2006.282129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2006.282129","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the authors describe the design of a bendable robotic tip for semi-autonomous colonoscopy called COLOBOT. It is a flexible robotic manipulator made of silicone rubber in view of the compact size and biocompatibility. The outer diameter of the tip is 17 mm which is lesser than the average diameter of colon (20 mm). Three servo-valves are used to control the pressure of each chamber of this tip to obtain its flexible movement. The experimental results of this new prototype show that it can bend until 120 degrees under the pressure of 2 bar. Based on the geometric deformation and a nonlinear analysis of the silicone behavior, a direct kinematic model analogous to the forward kinematics of a conventional industrial robot kinematics chain has been put forward. The proposed kinematic model of this bendable tip is an extended model of classical models found for such a mechanism. At first a polynomial approximation is used to characterize the non linear behavior of each chamber of the actuator. Next the coupling phenomena between each chamber are highlighted through experimental tests. A new correction parameter is then proposed to take into account these interactions and a non linear optimization is made to compute this coefficient. Finally, the proposed kinematic model is experimentally validated","PeriodicalId":237562,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115556576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haptic Control Design for Robotic-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery","authors":"R. Cortesão, W. Zarrad, P. Poignet, O. Company, E. Dombre","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2006.282168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2006.282168","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the design of a control system for robotic-assisted surgery with haptic feedback. The operational space control has a position-position teleopearation architecture with the phantom in the loop, enabling telepresence in free-space and contact. The null space control guarantees that surgical kinematic constraints are fulfilled. Both task and posture control run active observers (AOBs) in Cartesian domain, taking into account force, velocity and position signals. Experiments with a D2M2 (direct drive medical manipulator) robot are presented","PeriodicalId":237562,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"747 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132191773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tele-Operated High Speed Anthropomorphic Dextrous Hands with Object Shape and Texture Identification","authors":"Ping Yong Chua, M. Bezdicek, S. Davis, D. Caldwell, J. Gray","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2006.281861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2006.281861","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on the development of two number of robotic hands have been developed which focus on tele-operated high speed anthropomorphic dextrous robotic hands. The aim of developing these hands was to achieve a system that seamlessly interfaced between humans and robots. To provide sensory feedback, to a remote operator tactile sensors were developed to be mounted on the robotic hands. Two systems were developed, the first, being a skin sensor capable of shape reconstruction placed on the palm of the hand to feed back the shape of objects grasped and the second is a highly sensitive tactile array for surface texture identification","PeriodicalId":237562,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121678566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Hand-Eye Calibration","authors":"Klaus H. Strobl, G. Hirzinger","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2006.282250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2006.282250","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a calibration method for eye-in-hand systems in order to estimate the hand-eye and the robot-world transformations. The estimation takes place in terms of a parametrization of a stochastic model. In order to perform optimally, a metric on the group of the rigid transformations SE(3) and the corresponding error model are proposed for nonlinear optimization. This novel metric works well with both common formulations AX=XB and AX=ZB, and makes use of them in accordance with the nature of the problem. The metric also adapts itself to the system precision characteristics. The method is compared in performance to earlier approaches","PeriodicalId":237562,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115174049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development on a New Biomechatronic Prosthetic Hand Based on Under-actuated Mechanism","authors":"Hai Huang, Li Jiang, Dawei Zhao, Jingdong Zhao, H. Cai, Hong Liu, P. Meusel, B. Willberg, G. Hirzinger","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2006.281765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2006.281765","url":null,"abstract":"Based on under-actuated mechanism and coupling principle, a five-fingered, multi-sensory and biomechatronic prosthetic hand has been designed. The multi-DOF hand comprises 13 joints and is controlled by 3 motors. Actuated by only one motor, the thumb can move along a cone surface which is superior in the appearance. Also driven by one motor and transmitted by springs, the mid finger, the ring finger and the little finger can move simultaneously and envelop objects with complex shape. On the other hand, during the hand designation, the handsome appearance has been considered and its glove prototype has been designed. The hardware system and the sensory system have been developed. Through Bluetooth wireless protocol, the hand can be controlled by voice signal. Furthermore, it can also be controlled by electromyography (EMG) signal like most prosthetic hand in existence. It has been verified by experiments that the hand has strong capability of self-adaptation grasp and can accomplish precise and power grasp","PeriodicalId":237562,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134045544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the Gap between Task Planning and Path Planning","authors":"Franziska Zacharias, C. Borst, G. Hirzinger","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2006.282087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2006.282087","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous service robots have to recognize and interpret their environment to be able to interact with it. This paper focuses on service tasks such as serving a glass of water where a humanoid two-arm-system has to acquire an object from the scene. A task planner should be able to autonomously discern the necessary actions to solve the task. In the process, a path planner can be used to compute motion sequences to execute these actions. To plan trajectories, the path planner requires a pair of configurations, the start and the goal configuration of the robot, to be provided e.g. by a task planner. This paper proposes a method to autonomously find the goal configurations necessary to acquire objects from the scene and thus makes an attempt to bridge the gap between task planning and path planning. The method determines where to grasp an object by analyzing the scene and the influence of obstacles on the intended grasp location. For the case where the goal object can not be grasped due to obstructing obstacles, a solution is proposed","PeriodicalId":237562,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127178249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactionless Control for two Manipulators Mounted on a Cable-Suspended Platform","authors":"R. Lampariello, J. Heindl, R. Koeppe, G. Hirzinger","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2006.281777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2006.281777","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics and control of a cable-suspended, two-arm robotic system are developed for an entertainment application. One manipulator arm is controlled to fulfil a user defined task. The second arm is then controlled to compensate for the disturbances on the cable-suspended platform arising from the motion of the first. Model-based feedforward control, stemming from the momentum conservation equations of a free-floating robot, is developed for the motion compensation problem. Furthermore, due to model uncertainty, sensor-based feedback control is introduced, to account for undesired oscillatory motions of the system. The latter control problem reduces to the dissipation of the oscillatory energy of the system, by means of adequate robot control. Both control methods are implemented and tested on an experimental set-up","PeriodicalId":237562,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117156514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}