2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)最新文献

{"title":"Capacity Analysis of a MIMO Laser Link From Lunar Surface to Earth","authors":"Hungsun Son, R. Schwarz, Marcus T. Knopp, D. Giggenbach, A. Knopp","doi":"10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749701","url":null,"abstract":"Moon explorations are expected to develop over the next decades. The demand of data transfer from the Moon to Earth for scientific purposes will soon exceed the capacity of conventional communication systems. We propose the application of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) to free-space optical communication (FSO) to further increase the capacity of Moon-Earth connections. However, the MIMO capacity of FSO links depends on the geometrical arrangement of the lasers and optical receivers. This geometry and, thus, the capacity change over time due to the relative motion of the Moon and the Earth. We analyze these capacity variations and propose an adaptive array geometry on Earth to control the array orientation of the receiving telescopes. In particular, we show that the rotation of the uniform linear array (ULA) on Earth according to the passage of the Moon maintains the capacity gain over time. We analytically derive the optimal orientation of the ULA. In addition, we propose a system design comprised of multiple distributed optical ground stations (OGSs) across the globe to obtain a permanent coverage. Simulation results show that a constantly high capacity gain can be provided in most of the time.","PeriodicalId":237453,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121246264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large - Scale LEO Satellite Constellation to Ground QKD links: Feasibility Analysis","authors":"A. Ntanos, N. Lyras, Saif Anwar, O. Alia, D. Zavitsanos, G. Giannoulis, A. Panagopoulos, G. Kanellos, H. Avramopoulos","doi":"10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749743","url":null,"abstract":"As Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) seems to turn towards satellite communication infrastructure to interconnect distant nodes aiming to a global quantum secured network, the number of assisting satellites is expected to increase. In this work, a feasibility analysis of a large-scale Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellation supporting LEO to ground QKD links is presented. A software tool to simulate the physical properties of a large-scale satellite constellation and a link budget calculator tailored for LEO satellite to ground QKD links have been developed. A large-scale LEO satellite constellation with 100 satellites orbiting at 550km altitude with 53deg inclination angle in ten different orbital planes (10 satellites per orbital plane) has been simulated and subsatellite points for 1 year have been obtained. Assuming, an optical ground station network consisting of nine different optical ground stations located in observatories across Europe, the performance of this large-scale constellation is evaluated in terms of availability and Secure Key Rate (SKR) employing the prepare and measure Decoy-State BB84 QKD protocol, during nighttime, under different atmospheric conditions including cloud coverage and turbulence effects among others, while two different wavelengths (i.e., 800nm and 1550nm) are examined. For each Optical Ground Station (OGS) location, Gbits of distilled keys per year per ground station and key rates up to Kbps are reported.","PeriodicalId":237453,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128579814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RF and Optical Hybrid LEO Communication System for Non-Terrestrial Network","authors":"Takashi Eishima, Soichiro Inoue, Akihiro Yonemoto, Jumpei Sudo, Takayuki Hosonuma, S. Nakasuka, A. Shirane, T. Tomura, K. Okada, Kosuke Kiyohara","doi":"10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749737","url":null,"abstract":"Small satellite LEO constellations are expected to play an important role in NTN (Non-Terrestrial Network) which expands communication service areas in three-dimensions (from sea to sky and space) in the age of Beyond 5G / 6G. To build fast and stable communication infrastructure for NTN over LEO constellations, hybrid operation of RF and optical communications is important. The authors (Axelspace, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo Institute of Technology and KIYOHARA OPTICS) have started 4-year development program on these technologies under NICT Beyond 5G R&D promotion project. In this paper, target, scope and technical challenges of this R&D project are introduced.","PeriodicalId":237453,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115612311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"4-Level Optical Modulation Formats for LISLs in a Satellite Broadband Constellation Network","authors":"Amrita Gill, G. Gnanagurunathan, Nafizah Khan, A. Malekmohammadi","doi":"10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749708","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents three 4-level optical modulation formats; two of which are intensity modulation formats - the 4-pulse amplitude modulation (4-PAM) and the absolute added correlative coding (AACC); and one coherent modulation format - the quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK); in a laser inter-satellite link (LISL), respectively. Each modulated link is modelled to operate in a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite broadband constellation network and simulated for various performance parameters. These parameters include the power-efficiency, link-extendibility, receiver-sensitivity and spectral-efficiency of the modelled links. As all three modulated LISLs share a spectral-efficiency, the 4-PAM is observed to need a minimum transmitter laser power of 32 dBm to support a bit rate of 20 Gbps at the maximum LEO LISL distance of 6000 km. The AACC and QPSK required 28 dBm. Keeping to a bit-error rate (BER) of 10−9 and a constant transmitter power of 30 dBm, the AACC and QPSK sustains the maximum LEO LISL distance whereas the 4-PAM supports a link distance of 4000 km. The AACC modulated LISL also observed an improvement of ~ 7 dBm in receiver-sensitivity over the 4-PAM. All three modulated LISLs are then simulated for a bit rate of 40 Gbps. The 4-PAM and QPSK were found to support a link distance of 3000 km and 5000 km, respectively, whilst the AACC sustains up to a distance of 6000 km.","PeriodicalId":237453,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122155792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design considerations for a Transportable Optical Ground Station with Adaptive Optics","authors":"L. F. R. Ramos, Joan Torras Estruch, Noelia Mart́ınez Rey, Jorge Socas Negrin, I. Montilla, M. R. García-Talavera, A. Oscoz, Angel Alonso Sanchez, Pablo Gonzalez de Chaves Fernandez","doi":"10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749728","url":null,"abstract":"IACTEC, as the technology transfer division of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), is initiating a program towards the practical applications of optical communications and specifically the quantum key distribution, taking advantage of its facilities and experience in free-space optical communications and its know-how in Adaptive Optics. The main objective of the optical communication group is related to the use of the atmospheric turbulence compensation to improve the performance of a Transportable Optical Ground Station (TOGS). This compensation is especially challenging when daytime operations are considered, and also if the TOGS is expected to work in virtually any location, including ordinary city buildings, where atmospheric turbulence is much worse than that found in astrophysical observatories. The role of Adaptive Optics could be especially relevant when using superconducting nanowires detectors, which can achieve very low dark counts when fed from a single mode fiber. In this situation, the ability to couple the light received at the telescope to the fiber is vital, and if the wavefront aberration caused by the atmospheric turbulence is corrected before the coupling to the fiber, the total loss of the quantum channel will be lowered and the key rate improved. This improvement will be estimated through simulations of the atmospheric turbulence characteristics of the different scenarios.","PeriodicalId":237453,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116498839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Results From the 2021 FEEDELIO Experiment - a Focus on Reciprocity","authors":"Perrine Lognoné, A. Bonnefois, J. Conan, L. Paillier, C. Petit, C. Lim, S. Meimon, J. Montri, J. Sauvage, N. Védrenne","doi":"10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749723","url":null,"abstract":"The FEEDELIO experiment aims at demonstrating adaptive optics capability to mitigate the atmospheric turbulence channel disturbances in a GEO-Feeder relevant environment. In addition to the bi-directional data acquired in presence of anisoplanatism, this measurement campaign was an opportunity to assess the optical quality of the bench and to improve calibration procedures. To this end, we conducted a reciprocity experiment. We measured a channel reciprocity up to 95% and identified, through numerical simulations, that residual non common path aberrations were the primary source limiting the effective reciprocity.","PeriodicalId":237453,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125781079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Testing of the Laser Transmitter and Pointing, Acquisition, and Tracking System for the CubeSat Laser Infrared CrosslinK (CLICK) B/C Mission","authors":"Hannah Tomio, Peter Grenfell, W. Kammerer, P. Serra, Ondrej Čierny, C. Lindsay, Maddie Garcia, K. Cahoy, M. Clark, Danielle Coogan, J. Conklin, David J. Mayer, Jan Stupl, J. Hanson","doi":"10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749715","url":null,"abstract":"Laser crosslinks can provide high data rate communications and precision time transfer and ranging, using low size, weight, and power (SWaP) terminals to enable constellations of small satellites. The CubeSat Laser Infrared CrosslinK (CLICK) mission will demonstrate terminals capable of conducting full-duplex, high data rate crosslinks and enabling high precision ranging on 3U CubeSats in low Earth orbit (LEO). An initial risk reduction mission, CLICK-A, will demonstrate a downlink of at least 10 Mbps to a 28 cm aperture optical ground station. CLICK-B and CLICK-C will follow to demonstrate laser crosslinks with data rates of at least 20 Mbps over separation distances ranging from 25 km to 580 km. The CLICK-B/C mission will also demon-strate precision ranging better than 50 cm. Key to achieving these capabilities are the performances of the transmitter and fine pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) system. We present results from recent testing and characterization of the transmitter and PAT subsystems. The testing of the transmitter includes confirming the output power and modulation of the seed laser and semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and characterizing the output pulse shape. For the PAT system, testing focuses on characterizing the noise of the quadrant photodiode used for the closed-loop, fine PAT sequence. This testing was conducted using a dedicated hardware-in-the-loop testbed with an optical test setup. CLICK-A is expected to launch no earlier than May 2022 for deployment from the International Space Station (ISS) in June 2022, while CLICK-B/C is anticipated to launch in late 2022.","PeriodicalId":237453,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130652170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CARAMUEL: The future of Space Quantum Key Distribution in GEO","authors":"Ángel Alvaro, L. Pascual, Antonio M. Abad, Pedro Pinto, A. Álvarez-Herrero, T. Belenguer, C. Miravet, Pablo Campo, L. Rodríguez, M. Reyes, Jorge Socas, Javier Bermejo","doi":"10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749720","url":null,"abstract":"The usage of QKD protocols through the current terrestrial infrastructure is limited to a hundred kilometers due to attenuation problems with fiber. This implies that the satellite will be necessary for the transmission of quantum keys in order to avoid these terrestrial limitations. Therefore, the current debate does not lie in the need for the satellite but rather in what type of infrastructure will be best suited, and specifically the usage of GEO vs LEO satellites. This analysis is not trivial and should not consider only the link budgets and the physical layer as it has been done up to date. It should also consider even more important factors, as the service KPIs that the end user will request such as key rate, availability, security of the keys and their maintenance, etc., as well as the possible communications architectures to provide the service. Therefore, the analysis should introduce the market oriented component, and provide the optimal solutions based on the scenarios and requirements requested by the customer. In this frame, and under ESA ARTES funding, a Spanish consortium led by Hispasat is defining an operational GEO QKD mission that shall fly as hosted payload in 2025. The quantum communications payload proposed in this mission represents a step beyond the state of the art since it is the first implementation of a quantum key distribution channel from geostationary orbit. This new service will involve the implementation of a complete communications system not currently available that will require the development of new technological elements and the adaptation for their operation in space of technologies such as photon sources, telescopes for optical communications compatible with quantum state transmission or processors for the distillation of quantum keys, as well as a whole new ground segment to control and manage the new quantum key distribution service and its integration into a future European secure quantum communications network. Details of the challenges and approach of this mission shall be presented","PeriodicalId":237453,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133942835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agile Beaconless Laser Beam Alignment with Adaptive Mm-Wave Beamforming for Inter CubeSat Communication","authors":"Chengtao Xu, Thomas T. Yang, E. Rojas","doi":"10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749717","url":null,"abstract":"Inter small satellite/CubeSat communication (C2C) plays a key role in configuring mega low earth orbit satellite constellation. Highly directional laser links for C2C allows high-data-rate communication to enable massive data transmission with low delay and power consumption. However, the pointing loss from imperfect acquisition and tracking between satellites with different relative velocities prevent the optical links from achieving desired ultra-reliable link capacity. In this paper, we propose an agile beaconless laser beam alignment (ABLBA) method that requires less scanning time for pre-alignment between CubeSats. Mm-wave beamforming with uniform phased array (UPA) antennas is used to find the optimal half power beam width (HPBW) to guide the laser beam to achieve mutual alignment. Various HPBW with different transmitter configu-rations are considered for more power efficient and low delay C2C optical communication. The trade off between UPA antenna design and acquisition time is discussed. Based on studies of various parameter settings and corresponding laser beam width values, we conclude that ABLBA is capable of reducing the delay of laser beam pre-acquisition time in the presence of the CubeSat rigid body perturbation. Accuracy of mutual alignment is measured based on rating intersection surface in a geometric coverage model, which provides a direct mapping from the platform distance uncertainty to the performance of free space optical beam alignment.","PeriodicalId":237453,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126988149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulse positioned differential phase shift keying for high data rate satellite optical communications","authors":"Won-Ho Shin, Young-Jin Hyun, Sang‐Kook Han","doi":"10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsos53063.2022.9749740","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a pulse positioned-differential phase shift keying technique is proposed for providing high data rate in satellite optical communications. Polarization-rotation based DPSK is employed to avoid the use of delay-line interferometers, which is a major impairment for multi-rate DPSK. Furthermore, a novel modulation format suitable for polarization-rotation based DPSK is proposed for higher data rates. The performance enhancement of the proposed technique is theoretically demonstrated compared to conventional differential phase shift keying. The simulation results show that a high data rate could be obtained with the proposed technique. Therefore, high data rate and multi-rate differential phase shift keying can be realized using the proposed technique for next-generation satellite optical communication.","PeriodicalId":237453,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126493513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}