Water Supply最新文献_第4页

Negative pressure protection with one-way surge tanks in bidirectional water delivery systems 在双向输水系统中使用单向缓冲罐进行负压保护

Water Supply Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.050

Yu-tong Chang, Xiao-dong Yu, Jian Zhang, Xu-yun Chen, Nan Chen, Lin Shi

引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation and structure optimization for hydraulic performance of perforated drip irrigation emitters 穿孔滴灌喷头水力性能的数值模拟和结构优化

Water Supply Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.048

Kexin Du, Shaobo Xing, Jinzhu Zhang, Ningning Liu, Jihong Zhang, Miao Li, Zhenhua Wang

{"title":"Numerical simulation and structure optimization for hydraulic performance of perforated drip irrigation emitters","authors":"Kexin Du, Shaobo Xing, Jinzhu Zhang, Ningning Liu, Jihong Zhang, Miao Li, Zhenhua Wang","doi":"10.2166/ws.2024.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2024.048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The perforated drip irrigation emitter (PDIE) is a novel drip irrigation emitter incorporating multiple energy dissipation mechanisms, chiefly hedging, deflection, and friction. To characterize the influences of structural parameters and vortices on the hydraulic performance of PDIE, the emitter discharge exponent, emitter discharge rate, and emitter unit constant were analyzed via hydraulic performance experiments and numerical simulation. The key findings are as follows: (1) Discharge exponents of PDIE ranged from 0.478 to 0.515; average high-pressure hydraulic performance exceeded low pressure by 4.882%. (2) The four key structural parameters that impacted hydraulic performance from large to small are as follows: the width of the perforation (a), the angle of the scalariform perforation plate (α), the distance of the two perforations (b), and the length of the channel cavity (c). Among them, the emitter discharge exponent changes significantly with a and α. (3) Vortex-retaining PDIE exhibited a lower emitter discharge exponent versus vortex-removed versions. However, vortices increase the emitter discharge rate and reduce the energy consumption of PDIE. After optimization, the emitter discharge exponent of the PDIE with the reserved vortex area is 0.461, which is relatively improved by 3.556%. This study can provide a theoretical reference for the structural design of new drip irrigation emitters and functional analysis of vortices.","PeriodicalId":23725,"journal":{"name":"Water Supply","volume":"1986 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of instream ecological flows based on hydrological alteration in the Upper Huai River, China 基于水文变化的中国淮河上游河道生态流量评估

Water Supply Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.044

Simin Liu, Dengming Yan, Hong Lv, Jin Lin, Zhilei Yu, Lucong Cao

{"title":"Evaluation of instream ecological flows based on hydrological alteration in the Upper Huai River, China","authors":"Simin Liu, Dengming Yan, Hong Lv, Jin Lin, Zhilei Yu, Lucong Cao","doi":"10.2166/ws.2024.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2024.044","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Natural flow regime (instream ecological flow) is a vital element of ecological hydrology, serving a crucial role in the fundamental functions of river ecosystems. Intense human activities, especially reservoir operation, have unavoidably altered the flow regime of the Upper Huai River, leading to further impacts on river ecosystems. It is essential to quantify hydrological alterations in flow regimes and their associated impacts on river ecosystems for effective river water management. Ecological flow indicators, namely ecological deficit and surplus, were analyzed to assess instream ecological flow. The overall degree of alteration (Do) and the Dundee Hydrological Regime Alteration Method (DHRAM) were utilized to evaluate the degree of hydrological alteration. Additionally, the Shannon Index (SI) was employed to estimate the impact of hydrological alterations on ecological diversity in this study. The results reveal that the streamflow series underwent mutation in 1987, leading to a decrease in ecological surplus and an increase in ecological deficit. The overall alteration degree is 32%, with a DHRAM level of 3, signifying low hydrological alteration and moderate ecological risk in the region. Furthermore, the biodiversity of the river has markedly declined due to human activities following the alteration.","PeriodicalId":23725,"journal":{"name":"Water Supply","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arsenic-methylating microbial community in sediment along the water flow is correlated with the distance to a low-temperature hot spring 水流沿岸沉积物中的砷甲基化微生物群落与低温温泉的距离有关

Water Supply Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.045

Ye Yang, Yanli Yu, Xiaoming Chen

{"title":"Arsenic-methylating microbial community in sediment along the water flow is correlated with the distance to a low-temperature hot spring","authors":"Ye Yang, Yanli Yu, Xiaoming Chen","doi":"10.2166/ws.2024.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2024.045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Microbially mediated arsenic methylation, crucial for arsenic biogeochemical transformation, remains understudied in subgeothermal environments. This study aimed to investigate the activity and diversity of arsM-carrying microorganisms in sediment samples (termed YC1, YC2, and YC5) from a low-temperature hot spring. Microcosm assays revealed that only YC1 and YC2 exhibited limited As-methylating activities, generating a maximum of 2.3–3.5 μg/L methylarsenate (MMA) and 2.2–2.8 μg/L dimethylarsenate (DMA). The addition of lactate and arsenite significantly promoted these activities, increasing the concentrations to 26.1–184.0 μg/L MMA and 36.5–204.0 μg/L DMA. The arsM gene abundance also increased by 85–195%, indicating that lactate can activate arsenite methylation. YC1 and YC2, which were closer to the hot spring hole than YC5 was, had similar patterns, and shared a similar arsM community structure, dominated by Actinobacteriota, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteriota on days 7 and 21. In contrast, at YC5, the sampling site far from the spring hole, representatives of Acidobacteriota were dominant on day 7, whereas those of Actinobacteriota were prevalent on day 21. Acidobacteriota co-occurred with dimethylarsenate production, and Mycobacterium co-occurred with DMA demethylation. These findings suggested that the low-temperature arsenic hot spring possessed diverse arsenic-methylating species, whereas demethylating bacteria preferred to inhabit niches farther from the hot spring.","PeriodicalId":23725,"journal":{"name":"Water Supply","volume":"30 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140263916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rejection of malathion by nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes exposed to foulant and two clean-in-place procedures 纳滤膜和反渗透膜对暴露在污物中的马拉硫磷的排斥以及两种就地清洁程序

Water Supply Pub Date : 2024-03-02 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.043

A. Mikelonis, Christopher J. Orme, Amit S. Nilkar, Jeffrey G. Szabo, Stephen J. Reese

引用次数: 0

From project to planning: development and effectiveness of the water-draw and utilization assessment policy in China 从项目到规划：中国取用水评估政策的发展与成效

Water Supply Pub Date : 2024-03-02 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.042

Zhe Cheng, Yue Xu, Yun Li, Yixin Zhu, Li Guo

引用次数: 0

Improved prediction of groundwater depth in urban areas using the EWT-S–G-GRU and LSSVM model: a case study of Xinxiang City 利用 EWT-S-GRU 和 LSSVM 模型改进城市地区地下水深度预测：新乡市案例研究

Water Supply Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.041

Shuqi Luo, Haiyang Chen, Wuyuan Chen

{"title":"Improved prediction of groundwater depth in urban areas using the EWT-S–G-GRU and LSSVM model: a case study of Xinxiang City","authors":"Shuqi Luo, Haiyang Chen, Wuyuan Chen","doi":"10.2166/ws.2024.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2024.041","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The improvement of the accuracy in predicting groundwater depth has significant guiding implications for the management, ecological environment protection and economic and social development of regional water resources. Employing the empirical wavelet transform (EWT) for nonlinear processing, Savitzky–Golay (S–G) filtering to reduce high-frequency noise, gate recurrent unit (GRU) neural network for linear feature signal processing, and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) for nonlinear signal handling, a comprehensive model combining EWT-S–G-GRU and LSSVM was established. The results demonstrate that the proposed model exhibits superior accuracy in groundwater depth prediction, with an average relative error of only 2.14% and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) is 0.93. This outperforms the other four models, with average relative errors of 12.88, 11.90, 7.07, and 11.10%, and NSE values of 0.58, 0.56, 0.71, and 0.73, respectively. The superiority of the model established in this study is attributed to its effective handling of both nonlinear and linear features of groundwater, thereby enhancing predictive accuracy. The EWT-S–G-GRU and LSSVM model proves to be more reliable in revealing the spatial distribution and dynamic changes of future groundwater, providing a robust reference for the rational development and utilization of groundwater in the urban area of Xinxiang City.","PeriodicalId":23725,"journal":{"name":"Water Supply","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140412294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance improvement of a double-suction centrifugal pump for water supply system based on energy loss analysis and cavitation behaviour prediction 基于能量损失分析和气蚀行为预测的供水系统双吸离心泵的性能改进

Water Supply Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.039

Shengli Wang, Yang Yu, Yue Shu, Fengyu Li, Ruiliang Sun

{"title":"Performance improvement of a double-suction centrifugal pump for water supply system based on energy loss analysis and cavitation behaviour prediction","authors":"Shengli Wang, Yang Yu, Yue Shu, Fengyu Li, Ruiliang Sun","doi":"10.2166/ws.2024.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2024.039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To gain a comprehensive understanding of the energy dissipation of a double-suction pump, analysing the energy loss of its various components is necessary. However, the liquid temperature in the double-suction pump remains almost constant, using the entropy production or dissipation method to evaluate energy loss is difficult. The traditional analysis method based on pressure drop cannot quantify the internal energy changes in each component. To solve this problem, a pressure energy loss evaluation approach is developed on the basis of the pressure drop theoretical analysis and numerical prediction, and the effects of cavitation on the energy loss are investigated. The structure of the volute casing is improved to enhance the performance based on energy loss analysis and cavitation behaviour prediction. The results show that the energy loss efficiencies for the suction casing, impeller, and volute casing are 0.55, 4.6, and 5%, respectively, at the design flow rate. The proportion of energy loss in the impeller and volute casing increased with a decrease in NPSHa. The RNG k–ε and k–ω turbulence models are chosen for the numerical simulation, and the numerically predicted results are verified experimentally.","PeriodicalId":23725,"journal":{"name":"Water Supply","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Start-up of biofilter for nitrification and effect of filtration rate on the ammonium removal efficiency in drinking water treatment on pilot plant 在试点工厂启动生物滤池进行硝化，以及过滤速率对饮用水处理中氨去除效率的影响

Water Supply Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.038

Dajana Dragić, D. Drljaca, S. Zorić

{"title":"Start-up of biofilter for nitrification and effect of filtration rate on the ammonium removal efficiency in drinking water treatment on pilot plant","authors":"Dajana Dragić, D. Drljaca, S. Zorić","doi":"10.2166/ws.2024.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2024.038","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Biological filtration is a process that can be used for ammonia removal from water. The removal of ammonia is based on the nitrification process. Nitrification depends on many factors, such as water quality and filtration process parameters. To investigate the influence of filtration rate on the nitrification efficiency, nitrifying biofilters were formed at the pilot plant in the industry for drinking water production from surface water. The new biological filters were started under optimal conditions for biofilm formation. After the biofilm formation, the influence of the filtration rate on nitrification was examined over 3 months (from November to January). The time required for the spontaneous growth of nitrifying bacteria on the new filters was around 70 days. The operating conditions at the start-up period were the continuous flow of water containing γ(NH4+) ≈ 1mg/L, dissolved oxygen in a concentration >9 mg/L, filtration rate <1 m/h, inlet water temperature >12 °C and pH from 7.8 to 8. After the complete formation of the nitrifying biofilm, the percentage of NH4+ removal was greater than 95% for all tested filtration rates, from 0.5 to 8.4 m/h, at γ(NH4+) from 1 to 2.5 mg/L and raw water temperature from 13 to 7°C.","PeriodicalId":23725,"journal":{"name":"Water Supply","volume":"81 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140421404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An ordered multi-objective fuzzy stochastic approach to sustainable water resources management: a case study from Taiyuan City, China 可持续水资源管理的有序多目标模糊随机方法：中国太原市的案例研究

Water Supply Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.035

Wenyu Wu, Xuehua Zhao, Xueyou Zhang, Xixi Wu, Yuhang Zhao, Qiucen Guo, Liushan Yao, Xin Liu

{"title":"An ordered multi-objective fuzzy stochastic approach to sustainable water resources management: a case study from Taiyuan City, China","authors":"Wenyu Wu, Xuehua Zhao, Xueyou Zhang, Xixi Wu, Yuhang Zhao, Qiucen Guo, Liushan Yao, Xin Liu","doi":"10.2166/ws.2024.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2024.035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The uncertainty of socioeconomic development and climate change poses challenges to the sustainable management of water resources in Taiyuan, China. The study proposes a type-2 fuzzy chance-constrained ordered multi-objective fractional programming (T2FCC-ORMOFP) model to address the allocation of water under uncertainties. The model incorporates type-2 fuzzy programming and chance-constrained programming into an overall framework to handle multiple uncertainties under multi-level and multi-objective conflicts, while using fractional programming to reflect the marginal benefits of the system. It prioritizes the principles of optimal, fair, and stable distribution by the upper-level governing authorities, while considering the social and economic environmental benefits of lower-level decision-making. The optimal water allocation scenarios were obtained under different hydrological guarantee rates, violation levels of water supply constraints, and net economic benefits of type-2 fuzzy numbers for 2030. Additionally, groundwater is replaced by reclaimed water in varying proportions for flexible water supply. The results show that the water demand in Taiyuan cannot be ignored, and the risk of water shortage is more sensitive for the agricultural and industrial sectors. The recycled water substitution strategy can optimize the water supply structure and improve social and economic benefits (9–12%). Also T2FCC-ORMOFP can improve overall efficiency (20%) compared with a single-level model.","PeriodicalId":23725,"journal":{"name":"Water Supply","volume":"14 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140426652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0