发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

German Yearbook of Contemporary History最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
The Origins of the BND: The Gehlen Organization: Process, Myth, and Legacy BND的起源:Gehlen组织:过程、神话和遗产
German Yearbook of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.1353/gych.2022.0001
Thomas Wolf, S. Crowe
{"title":"The Origins of the BND: The Gehlen Organization: Process, Myth, and Legacy","authors":"Thomas Wolf, S. Crowe","doi":"10.1353/gych.2022.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gych.2022.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article deconstructs the founding myth of the Bundesnachrichtendienst (the West German Federal Intelligence Service, abbreviated BND), which has commonly been understood as the outgrowth of a primordial \"Organization Gehlen.\" Classified materials from the BND reveal instead that in the months after the end of World War II, a heterogeneous intelligence service of hundreds of operatives developed under the leadership of Abwehr officer Hermann Baun. It was financed lavishly by the US Army, but did not generate many successes. Although Reinhard Gehlen had little influence at first, he outmaneuvered Baun due to his absolute conformity with the USA. The highly unstructured organization with its dysfunctional operations carried on under Gehlen's willy-nilly leadership. Through targeted myth formation, and despite countervailing political pressure, Gehlen managed to evade tight parliamentary scrutiny of the internal workings of the nascent BND. This helps to explain why Gehlen's organization took on persons with a sometimes highly incriminating Nazi past.","PeriodicalId":237244,"journal":{"name":"German Yearbook of Contemporary History","volume":"2008 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131787338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationships, Suspicion, and Secrecy in Germany's Early Cold War Secret Service Agencies 冷战初期德国特勤局的关系、猜疑和保密
German Yearbook of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.1353/gych.2022.0004
K. Macrakis
{"title":"Relationships, Suspicion, and Secrecy in Germany's Early Cold War Secret Service Agencies","authors":"K. Macrakis","doi":"10.1353/gych.2022.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gych.2022.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The three articles above—Thomas Wolf on the origins of the BND (West German intelligence), Siegfried Suckut on the Stasi's reaction to Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik, and Rüdiger Bergien on Siemens and the Stasi—have two things in common: they promise new perspectives on their topics using freshly uncovered archival material and they focus on secret service agencies on both sides of divided Germany during the early Cold War. Though seemingly disparate, themes emerge in these articles upon closer analysis that tie them together: relationships/influence, suspicion, and secrecy. I will analyze each article separately before turning to the more general common themes.","PeriodicalId":237244,"journal":{"name":"German Yearbook of Contemporary History","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121540079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Keep It under Wraps": The Arms Deals of the Austrian State Industry and the Noricum Scandal 《保守秘密》:奥地利国营工业的武器交易和诺利库姆丑闻
German Yearbook of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.1353/gych.2022.0005
T. Riegler, Dona Geyer
{"title":"\"Keep It under Wraps\": The Arms Deals of the Austrian State Industry and the Noricum Scandal","authors":"T. Riegler, Dona Geyer","doi":"10.1353/gych.2022.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gych.2022.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The so-called Noricum scandal deeply unsettled the political system of the Austrian Second Republic between 1985 and 1993. So far, this case has not been the subject of historical research with the exception of journalistic or political science accounts. The affair was caused by illegal arms deals with Iran and Iraq, at a time when these countries were fighting against one another in the Iran-Iraq War (1980–88). The arms shipments were conducted by the Noricum Maschinenbau und Handel Gesellschaft m.b.H, a subsidiary firm of the Vereinigte Österreichische Eisen- und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan AG (VOEST-Alpine AG), the heavyweight of Austrian nationalized industries. The sales encompassed 353 long-range howitzers (GHN-45), ammunition, and supplies. The deals constituted a clear violation of Austrian arms export laws, which forbade the sale of arms to belligerent states. After the affair gradually became public, political and criminal responsibility was clarified during several trials. This contribution explores the subject in regard to the overall context of postindustrial change in the 1970s and 1980s. The Noricum affair is interpreted as a continuation of problematic Austrian arms exports to Latin America and the Middle East. Furthermore, the circumstances of Austrian neutrality and the arms exports laws are highlighted, as well as the political-judicial consequences.","PeriodicalId":237244,"journal":{"name":"German Yearbook of Contemporary History","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115640753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Arms Exports and Holocaust Memory: Saudi Arabia, Leopard Tanks, and Bonn's Secret Israel Clause of 1982 武器出口和大屠杀记忆:沙特阿拉伯、豹式坦克和1982年波恩秘密以色列条款
German Yearbook of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.1353/gych.2022.0007
H. Leber, Dona Geyer
{"title":"Arms Exports and Holocaust Memory: Saudi Arabia, Leopard Tanks, and Bonn's Secret Israel Clause of 1982","authors":"H. Leber, Dona Geyer","doi":"10.1353/gych.2022.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gych.2022.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:When the Federal Security Council passed new Political Principles for Arms Exports under Chancellor Helmut Schmidt in spring 1982, a secret protocol note was adopted, which became known as the Israel Clause. It stated that decisions about arms exports should also take into account \"the historical responsibility of the Germans toward the Jewish people.\" The background was that Saudi Arabia wished to purchase hundreds of Leopard 2 tanks, which had led to months of controversy in Bonn and a deep crisis in German-Israeli relations. Hubert Leber is the first to utilize both German and Israeli government files to investigate the 1981/82 tank dispute. It is a story that connects international relations with the politics of the past. The Israel Clause, which Schmidt's cabinet approved on the initiative of Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher, marked a caesura in Bonn's Israel policy. While until then a sort of statute-of-limitations paradigm applied in relation to the Jewish state, the memory of the Holocaust was recognized in the early 1980s as a permanent factor in German governance.","PeriodicalId":237244,"journal":{"name":"German Yearbook of Contemporary History","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116831965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tanks for the Shah: Iran, the Leopard II, and Arms Exports in the Era of Oil Shocks 沙阿的坦克:伊朗，豹II和石油冲击时代的武器出口
German Yearbook of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.1353/gych.2022.0006
Bettina Weissgerber, M. Newton
{"title":"Tanks for the Shah: Iran, the Leopard II, and Arms Exports in the Era of Oil Shocks","authors":"Bettina Weissgerber, M. Newton","doi":"10.1353/gych.2022.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gych.2022.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:When in the 1970s the government of Iran under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi submitted a request in Bonn regarding the export of state-of-the-art tanks, this posed a problem to the Social Democrat–Liberal government under Federal Chancellor Helmut Schmidt (SPD). Torn between its previous policies on weapons exports, the interests of the country's energy supply, and the foreign policy challenges of the Cold War, the federal government struggled internally to find an answer for Tehran. Simultaneously the occasion of the Iranian tank request was used in order to internally question West Germany's armaments policy.","PeriodicalId":237244,"journal":{"name":"German Yearbook of Contemporary History","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128887162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Arms Exports: The Normality of a Scandalous Subject: A Comment 武器出口:一个丑闻主题的常态:评论
German Yearbook of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.1353/gych.2022.0008
Michael Geyer
{"title":"Arms Exports: The Normality of a Scandalous Subject: A Comment","authors":"Michael Geyer","doi":"10.1353/gych.2022.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gych.2022.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":237244,"journal":{"name":"German Yearbook of Contemporary History","volume":"499 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116287331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Programming with the Class Enemy: The Stasi, Siemens, and IT Knowledge Transfer during the Cold War 与阶级敌人一起编程:冷战时期的斯塔西、西门子和信息技术知识转移
German Yearbook of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.1353/gych.2022.0002
Rüdiger Bergien, Sinéad Crowe
{"title":"Programming with the Class Enemy: The Stasi, Siemens, and IT Knowledge Transfer during the Cold War","authors":"Rüdiger Bergien, Sinéad Crowe","doi":"10.1353/gych.2022.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gych.2022.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article shows how the East German Ministry for State Security (Ministerium für Staatssicherheit, MfS, colloquially known as the Stasi) managed to get hold of West German computer technology even without its usual spying and smuggling methods. In 1970, Siemens delivered three of their most modern mainframes quite officially and with the blessing of the West German government to an East Berlin front company disguising the Stasi's main computing center. Technicians, programmers, and Siemens sales personnel even provided \"IT support\" for Division XIII of the MfS and delivered spare parts, new software versions, and peripheral equipment. Western technology enabled the Stasi to jump-start its moves toward digitalization, which put it in the lead compared with other Eastern state security services until 1989.","PeriodicalId":237244,"journal":{"name":"German Yearbook of Contemporary History","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132243681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stepchildren of Integration: The West German Länder and the Emergence of the European System of Multilevel Governance from 1950 to 1985 一体化的继子:西德Länder与1950 - 1985年欧洲多层次治理体系的出现
German Yearbook of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1353/gych.2019.0004
Guido Thiemeyer, P. Bowman
{"title":"Stepchildren of Integration: The West German Länder and the Emergence of the European System of Multilevel Governance from 1950 to 1985","authors":"Guido Thiemeyer, P. Bowman","doi":"10.1353/gych.2019.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gych.2019.0004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":237244,"journal":{"name":"German Yearbook of Contemporary History","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122934158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Theory, Trade and European Integration: A Comment on Ludolf Herbst’s “Contemporary Theory and the Beginning of European Integration” 理论、贸易与欧洲一体化——评鲁道夫·赫布斯特《当代理论与欧洲一体化的开端》
German Yearbook of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1353/gych.2019.0002
Lucia Coppolaro
{"title":"Theory, Trade and European Integration: A Comment on Ludolf Herbst’s “Contemporary Theory and the Beginning of European Integration”","authors":"Lucia Coppolaro","doi":"10.1353/gych.2019.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gych.2019.0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":237244,"journal":{"name":"German Yearbook of Contemporary History","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124467995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Holocaust Research: A Difficult Field in Transatlantic Perspective 大屠杀研究:跨大西洋视角下的一个困难领域
German Yearbook of Contemporary History Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1515/9783110472547-004
P. Hayes
{"title":"Holocaust Research: A Difficult Field in Transatlantic Perspective","authors":"P. Hayes","doi":"10.1515/9783110472547-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110472547-004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":237244,"journal":{"name":"German Yearbook of Contemporary History","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124803580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
首页 上一页 下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：481959085
Book学术官方微信